Oncology
Oncology Insights Quiz
Test your knowledge on Wilms tumor and leukemia with this engaging quiz! Delve deeper into key concepts, treatment options, and common presentations related to these childhood cancers.
- Multiple choice questions
- Focus on essential oncology principles
- Great for students, healthcare professionals, and enthusiasts
The ideal timing for radiotherapy of Wilms tumor after surgery is :
Within 10 days
Within 1 week
Within 2 weeks
Within 3 weeks
Any times after surgery
The most common presentation of a child with Wilms tumor is :
An asymptomatic abdominal mass
Haematuria
Hypertensions
Hemoptysis due to pulmonary secondary
Generalize edema
The most important determinant of prognosis in Wilms tumor :
Stage of disease
Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome
Most important depend on history
Age less than 1 year at presentation
Age more than 1 year at presentation
The main types of treatment for Wilms tumor are :
Medical treatment
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy
What are the imaging of Wilms tumor?
Sonography of the abdomen
CT scan of the abdomen
MRI of the abdomen
X-ray and CT scan of the thorax (metastasis)
All answers are correct
What are the differentials diagnoses of the Wilms tumor?
Neuroblastoma
Adenocarcinoma of kidney
Lymphoma
Teratoma
All answers are correct
How many stage of the Wilms tumor?
6 stage
7 stages
9 stages
8 stages
5 stages
Which stage that Wilms tumor attack bilateral of kidney?
Stage 5
Stage 7
Stage 9
Stage 8
Stage 6
Which drugs that we use in chemotherapy of the Wilms tumor?
Vincristine
Actinomycin D
Doxorubicin
Carboplatin
All answers are correct
Wilms tumor or we can call what?
Lymphoma
Nephroblastoma
Osteosaccoma
Myosaccoma
Medulloblastoma
The other signs and symptoms may include in Wilms tumor :
Fever
Blood in the urine
Nausea or vomiting
Constipation
All answers are correct
The peak age of Wilms tumor is :
8 years
7 years
3 to 4 years
5 years
6 years
What is Wilms tumor?
Solid cancerous tumor of the kidney(that arises from immature kidney cells)
Benign tumor of the kidney
Malignancy tumor of the brain
Malignancy tumor of the Bladder
Malignancy tumor of the Liver
How many percentage of children with Wilms tumor have tumor in both kidneys?
5 to 10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
The prognosis of Wilms tumor depend on :
Age
The stage and histology
Sex
Symptoms
Non
What is leukemia?
Cancer of the white blood cells or bone marrow
Abnormal production of blood cells
Generally leukocytes(white blood cells)
Cancer of blood or bone marrow, Abnormal production of blood cells, Generally leukocytes (white blood cells)
All answers not corrects
What are the first signs and symptoms of leukemia?
Fever, chills and other flu-like symptoms
Weakness , fatigue ,weight loss
Anemia, joint pain
Swollen or bleeding gums
All answers are corrects
What are the treatments for leukemia?
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
Bone marrow transplants
Surgery-splenectomy
All answers are corrects
How many types of leukemia?
8
7
4
5
6
What are the risk factors for leukemia development?
Down’s syndrome
Fanconi’s anemia
Other chromosomal breakage syndrome
Monozygotic twins
All answers are corrects
. What are the classifications of leukemia base on?
Morphology
Immunophenotyping
Cytochemistry
Cytogenetic and Molecule genetic
All answers are corrects
Which of these is not a diagnostic measure for leukemia?
Gums bleeding
Swollen lymph node
High white blood cell count
Bone marrow biopsy
Hyperglycemia
Which one is not the reason of the risks of increases of leukemia?
Down’s syndrome
Exposure to radiations
Exposure to certain chemicals
Monozygotic twin
Physical trauma
Which one of these drugs is not used in the initial treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
Asparaginase
Dexamethasone
Retinoic acid
Vincristine
All answer are corrects
Which one of the following is not true about acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
It has a better prognosis in females than males
It may be associated with the Philadelphia chromosome
Commonly used treatments are radiation therapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy
It has a cure rate in children of more than 80%
It cause meningeal leukemia in 50% of cases
What are high risk criteria of Cambodian protocol of Leukemia?
Age <1 year>10 years
White blood cell > 50.000x109/ L
Mediastinal mass and T-cell phenotype
Cerebral spinal-meningeal leukemia
All answers are corrects
What can we do to reduce our risk of leukemia?
Avoiding smoking
Avoiding chemical linked such as benzene
Treated previously for cancer (radiation, chemotherapy)
Taking immune suppressing drugs
All answers are corrects
What is the most frequency childhood cancer?
Carcinoma
Soft tissue sarcoma
Brain tumor
Lymphoma
Leukemia
How many percent of Sarcoma of all malignancies in children?
12%
30%
40%
50%
60%
How many percent of Rhabdomyosarcoma in children?
90%
50%
60%
70%
80%
15 years old boy with mass on tibia, complains of pain in the lower limb and fever .Histopathology shows a small round cell. Most likely diagnosis is?
Ewing’s sarcoma
Osteochondroma
Giant cell carcinoma
Osteocarcoma
Chondroblastoma
Most common site of osteosarcoma is
Upper end of femur
Lower end of femur
Lower end of humerus
Lower end of tibia
Clavicle
A 6 year old African-American girl presents with a large chest mass arising from an uncertain site. Frozen section reveals a small round blue cell tumor. What is the diagnostic?
Lymphoma
Ewing’ s sarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Neuroblastoma
Desmoplastic small cell tumor
A patient with localized osteosarcoma of the distal femur, returns to see you 1 year after completing therapy consisting of amputation and chemotherapy. The patient feels well. Which study will have the greatest yield of detecting recurrence in this patient?
Bon scan
Skeletal survey
Chest CT
MRI of the amputation site
CXR
Chromosomal translocation is in the alveolar variant of rhabdomyosarcoma. Ewing’s family tumor, and synovial sarcoma. In each of these sarcomas, the resultant fusion protein is believed to function as
An aberrant transcription factor
A constitutively active kinase
A novel growth factor
An activated growth factor receptor
An anti-apoptotic protein
You are seeing a 12 year old with a newly diagnosed grade 3 epithelioid sarcoma of the right forearm that shows the mass to be >5 cm in size. Your staging evaluation should include which of the following?
Chest CT, bone scan
Chest CT, bone scan, bone marrow aspirate/biopsy
Chest CT, bone scan, lymph node biopsy
Bone scan, bone marrow aspirate/biopsy
Chest CT, lymph node biopsy
Primary site represents an important prognostic factor for localized rhabdomyosarcoma. Which of the following is the least favourable primary site?
Extremity
Prostate
Infratemporal fossa
Neck
Biliary tree
What is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone?
Ewing’s sarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Giant cell muscle
Ependymome
Which of the following tumor is least radiosensitive hence, it is ineffective for radiotherapy?
Ewing’s sarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Wilmstumor
Neuroblastoma
Lymphoma
Genetic study of a patient is positive for products of mic-2 gene. He may have the following condition:
Ewing’s sarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Dermatofibromaprotuberants D. Alveolar cell sarcoma
Alveolar cell sarcoma
Wilmstumor
How many percentage of benign bone tumor in children more frequent than in adults?
82%
95%
85%
90%
80%
Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice in the following malignancy
Ewing’s sarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Osteoclastoma
Synovial sarcoma
Wilms tumor
CD-99 is marker of
Ewing’s sarcoma
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Mantle cell lymphoma
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Lymphoma is a cancer of blood that typically affects the:
Lymphocyte
Liver
Knee
Appendice
Eyes
Lymphocytes are White blood cells which are present inside the :
Lymph
Red blood cell
Intestinal
Liver
Kidney
Signs and symptoms of the lymphoma may include:
Enlarged lymph nodes
Fever
Night sweats and weight loss
Itching and constantly feeling tired.
All answers are correct
Lymphoma is definitively diagnosed by a:
Lymph node biopsy (meaning a partial or total excision of a lymph node examined under the microscope)
Sonography
CT scan
MRI
Angiography
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a group of blood cancers that includes all types of lymphoma except:
Hodgkin's lymphomas
Osteomyelitis
Pneumonia
Hirsprung
Bronchiolitis
Lymphomas are types of cancer that develop from lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. The risk factors include:
Poor immune function
Autoimmune diseases
Helicobacter pylori infection
Epstein-Barr virus infection
All answers are correct
The non-Hodgkin lymphoma most common age of diagnosis is between ………………. Years old
65 and 75
50
40
30
55
Hodgkin lymphoma typically is treated with ……………., as long as it is localized.
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Radine
No treated
Rifater
Lymphoma is the most common form of hematological malignancy, or "blood cancer", in the developed world taken together, lymphomas represent ………. Of all cancers:
5.3%
15%
7%
18%
30%
Mr. Thomas Hodgkin published the first description of lymphoma in:
1832
1835
1860
1855
1840
The classification of a lymphoma can affect treatment and prognosis. Classification systems generally classify lymphoma according to:
Whether or not it is a Hodgkin lymphoma
Whether the cell that is replicating is a T cell or B cell
The site from which the cell arises
Whether or not it is a Hodgkin lymphoma, whether the cell that is replicating is a( T cell or B cell) and the site from which the cell arises
No answers are correct
The most frequency localization of soft tissue tumor (rhabdomyosarcoma) is:
Head and neck
Urogenital
Extremities
Truck
Other
The two types of sarcoma are the bone and soft tissue, below are all the type of soft tissue tumor, except one:
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Synovial sarcoma
Fibrosarcoma
Malig.nerve sheet tumor
Osteosarcoma
The principal management of primary soft tissue sarcoma?
Surgical resection
Follow up
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
Targeted therapy
The primary site of extremity sarcoma metastasis?
Brain
Lung
Liver
Bone
Colon
The risk factors that make a patient more likely to develop soft tissue sarcomas :
Radiation
Certain family cancer syndromes
A damaged lymph system
Exposure to certain chemicals
All are correct
The information needed to stage sarcomas includes:
Complete blood count
Biopsy and imaging (CT or MRI scans)
Medical past history of patient
X-ray
Ultrasound
The goal of utilizing adjuvant radiation therapy in sarcoma is :
To limit local recurrence, avoid amputation, and contribute to tissue preservation by limiting the extent of resection
Diagnosis
Curing
Opponent metastasis
Painkiller
The Ewing sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma is a primary sarcoma with most patients presenting at age :
In their first 5 years of life (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma)
5-14 years
15 years
15-20 years
10 years
The sarcoma is a type of cancer that develops from certain tissues. For soft tissue sarcoma it`s develop from soft tissues like:
Fat and muscle
Nerves
Fibrous tissues
Blood vessels, deep skin tissues
All are correct
Even there are several types of sarcoma, but a rare sarcoma unique to live, typically occurring in children around the age of 10 is:
Ewing sarcoma
Embryonal sarcoma (It can be difficult to distinguish histologically from rhabdomyosarcoma or Wilms tumor)
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Alveolar soft part sarcoma
Primary site of adult patients with Ewing sarcoma of soft tissue most frequently in:
Retroperitoneal/Intra-abdominal
Lower extremity (around 25%)
Trunk
Visceral
Upper extremity
The causes of rhabdomyosarcoma are unknown, but the children with rare genetic disorders have a higher risk of developing rhabdomyosarcoma. Which one of syndrome is correct?
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Turner syndrome
Down syndrome
WAGR syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
Rhabdomyosarcomas are rare tumors and should be treated at specialist center. The main types of treatment for soft tissue sarcoma are:
Surgical
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy
Antibiotic and painkiller
Surgical, chemotherapy and radiotherapy
Follow up
Ewing sarcoma is the second most common primary sarcoma in children and young people. This type of cancer is a bone cancer and most common occurs on:
Skull and neck
Long bone, ribs, pelvis and spine
Tooth
Kidneys and liver
Ribs
The soft tissue sarcoma can arise anywhere in the body where mesenchymal tissue is found. So the clinical appearance and severity of clinical symptoms vary greatly and are dependent on:
Age of patient
Site and extent of tumor
Sex
Race
Histological
Which one is the second range cancer in the children:
Lymphoma
Neuroblastoma
Brain tumor (18%)
Leukemia
Bone tumor
What are the causes of brain tumors:
Usually not clear
Risk factors Rx of the head
Predisposing genetic factors neurofibromatosis
Predisposing genetic factors Von Hippel landau
All answers are corrects
What are classifications of brain tumors:
Astrocytic tumors
Oligodendroglial tumors
Ependymal tumors
Neuronal tumors
All answer are corrects
. What types of oligodendroglia tumors:
Oligodendroglioma
Astrocytoma
Medulloblastoma
Meningeoma
Glioblastoma multiform
What types of ependymal tumors:
Meningeoma
Ependymoma
Medulloblastoma
Astrocytoma
Central neurocytoma
What types of embryonal tumors :
Medulloblastoma
Astrocytoma
Meningeoma
Ependymoma
Oligodendroglioma
What types of meningeal tumors:
Meningeoma
Medulloblastoma
Rhabdoid tumor
Ependymoma
Oligodendroglioma
What are the most common types of brain tumors in children :
Glioma and medulloblastoma
Cranyopharyngeoma
Ependymoma
Meningeoma
Central neurocytoma
What are clinical symptoms can be appear in brain tumors :
Increased head size in infants
Seizures, focal neurological deficits
Headache and vomiting
Personality changes
All answers are corrects
What are imagery examination investigate in brain tumors:
Rx of head
Echography
ASP
MRI and CT
All answer are corrects
. How many grade of astrocytoma :
8
7
6
4
5
Complications therapy long term of medulloblastoma :
Endocrine deficiencies
Hair loss
Social emotional problems
Intellectual deficiencies
All answers are corrects
How many percentages astrocytoma in children:
80 %
50 %
30 %
45 %
35 %
Symptoms of glioma include:
Endocrine problems
Paralysis of nerve
Respiratory change
Paralysis muscles of face
All answers are corrects
The neuroblastoma of childhood occurs commonly in :
Paravertebral region of posterior mediastinum
Adrenal medulla
Neck
Nose
All answer are correct
On the section of neuroblastoma resemble the following tissue :
Liver
Brain
Lung
Spleen
All answer are correct
The most common primary renal tumor of childhood is :
Renal all carcinoma
Wilms tumor
Lymphoma
Angiomyolipoma
All answer are correct
In neuroblastoma all the feature that appear to correlate resistance to therapy is :
Bilateralism
Occurrence in adult
Occurrence in a childhood
Presence of anaplasia
Presence of epithelial component
Most teratomas of infancy and childhood arise in
Ovary
Testis
Sacrococcygeal region
Neck
Nose
Which of the following malignant disease of children has the best prognosis :
Wilms’s tumor
Neuroblastoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor
All answer are correct
The prognosis of neuroblastoma depend on :
Stage
Age
Sex
Genetic maker
Stage , age ,genetic maker
In which of the following tumor when alpha fetoprotein is elevated :
Choriocarcinoma
Neuroblastoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Seminoma
Lymphangioma
How many stage of the neuroblastoma?
7 Stage
9 Stage
8 Stage
10 stage
6 stage
The localization metastasis of the neuroblastoma is:
Bone and Bone marrow
Lymph node
Liver
Skin
All are correct
How many percentage of all neoplastic disease?
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
The main type of treatment for neuroblastoma are :
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
Experimental : antibody treatment , MIBG treatment
All are correct
What is the most common cancer in adult?
Leukemia
Carcinoma
Soft tissue sarcoma
Brain tumor
Lymphoma
What is the estimated amount of Cambodian children who will develop cancer?
500 – 600 children per year
600 – 700 children per year
800 – 900 children per year
900 – 1000 children per year
1100 – 1200 children per year
What are the treatment options for cancers?
Surgery for solid tumors
Chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, supportive therapy
Bone marrow transplantation, gene therapy
Radiotherapy for solid tumor or leukemia
All are correct
What are curative chemotherapy cancers:
Childhood leukemia
Osteogenic sarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma
Lymphoma
Wilms tumor, testicular tumor
All are correct
What are gastro-intestinal side effects of chemotherapy?
Nausea & vomiting
Diarrhea & constipation
Loss of appetite
Taste change, mucositis
All are correct
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