Metabolic Pathways and Plant Responses Quiz
Metabolic Pathways and Plant Responses Quiz
Test your knowledge on metabolic pathways, cellular processes, and plant responses with this informative quiz! Great for students, educators, and anyone interested in biology.
Explore questions that cover a variety of topics such as:
- ATP synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation
- Photosynthesis and Calvin cycle
- Plant hormones and growth responses
- Cell cycle and cancer biology
The synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation, using the energy released by movement protons across the membrane down their electrochemical gradient, is an example of
Active transport
An endergonic reaction coupled to an exerginic reaction
A reaction with a positive G
Osmosis
Brown fat cells produce a protein called thermogenin in their mitochondrial inner membrane. Thermogenin is a channel for facilitated transport of protons across the membrane. What wil occur in the brown fat cells when they produce thermogenin?
ATP synthesis and heat generation will both increase
ATP synthesis will increase, and heat generation will decrease
ATP synthesis will decrease, and heat generation will increase
ATP synthesis and heat generation will both decrease
ATP synthesis and heat generation will stay the same
Why glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved?
It produces much less ATP than does oxidative phosphorylation
It does not involve organelles or specialized structures, does not require oxygen, and is present in most organs
It is found in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells
It relies on chemiosmosis, which is a metabolic mechanism present only in the first cells’ prokaryotic cells
It requires the presence of membrane-enclosed cell organelles found only in eukaryotic cells
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
CO2 and glucose
H2O and O2
ADP, Pi, and NADP+
Electrons and H+
ATP and NADPH
Which of the following are directly associated with photo system I?
Harvesting of light energy by ATP
Receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain
Generation of molecular oxygen
Extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water
Passing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain
Reduction of NADP+ occurs during
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Both photosynthesis and respiration
Neither photosynthesis nor respiration
If ATP used by this plant is labeled with radioactive phosphorus, which molecule or molecules of the Calvin Cycle will be radioactively
B only
B and c only
B;c, and d only
B and e only
B, c, d, and e
You have the technology necessary to measure each other the following in a sample of animal cells: chlorophylls, organelle density, picograms of dna, cell wall components, and enzymatic activity. Which would you expect to increase significantly from M to G1?
Organelle density and enzymatic activity
Cell wall components and DNA
Chlorophyll and cell walls
Organelle density and cell walks
Chlorophyll and DNA
Cells from advanced malignant tumors often have a very abnormal chromosomes as well as an abnormal number of chromosomes. What might explain the association between malignant tumors and chromosomal abnormalities?
Cancer cells are no longer density dependent
Cancer cells are no longer Anchorage dependent
Cell cycle checkpoints are not in place to stop cells with chromosome abnormalities
Chromosomally abnormal cells still have normal metabolism
Transformation introduces new chromosomes into cells
Besides the ability of some cancer cells to overproliferate, what else could logically result in a tumor?
Enhanced anchorage dependence
Changes in the order of cell cycle stages
Lack of appropriate cell death
Inability to form spindles
Inability of chromosomes to meet at the metaphase plate
Why do neurons and some other specialized cells divide infrequently?
They no longer have active nuclei
They no longer carry receptors for signal molecules
They have been shunted into G
They can no longer bind Cdk to cyclin
They show a drop in MPF concentration
Charles and Francis Darwin concluded from their experiments on phototropism by grass seedlings that the part of the seedling that detects the direction of light is the
Tip of the coleoptile
Part of the coleoptile that bends during the response
Base of the coleoptike
Cotyledon
Phytochrome in the leaves
The ripening of fruit and the dropping of leaves and fruit are principally
Auxins
Cytokinins
Indole acetic acid
Ethylene
Carbon dioxide concentration
If a farmer wanted more loosely packed clusters of grapes, he would most likely spray the immature bunches with
Auxin
Gibberellins
Cytokinins
Abscisic acid
Ethylene
Which of the following plant growth responses is primarily due to the action of auxins?
Leaf abscission
The triple response of shoots
Cell division
The detection of photoperiod
Cell elongation
If the range of species of plants expands to a higher latitude, which of the following processes is the most likely to be modified by natural selection?
Circadian rhythm
Photoperiodic response
Phototropic response
Biological
Most scientists agree that global warming is under way; thus, it is important to know how plants respond to heat stress. Which of the following would be a useful line of inquiry to try to improve plant response to and survival of heat stress?
The production of heat stable carbohydrates
Increased production of heat shock proteins
The opening of stomata to increase evaporational heat loss
Protoplast fusion experiments with xerophyticb plants
All of the above
The transduction pathway that activates systemic acquired resistance in plans is initially signaled by
Antiscense RNA
Pfr phytocrome
Salicylic acid
Abcisic acid
Red, but not far -red, light
A plant will recognize a pathogenic invader
If it has many specific plant-disease resistance (R) genes
When the pathogen has an R gene complementary to the plants antivirulence (Avr) gene
Only if the pathogen and the plant have the same R genes
If it had the specific R gene that corresponds to the pathogen molecule encoded by an Avr gene
When the pathogen secretes protein
What is the probable role of salicylic acid in the defense responses of plants?
To destroy pathogens directly
To activate the systemic acquired resistance of plants
To close stomata, this preventing the entry of pathogens
To activate heat-shock proteins
To sacrifice infected tissues by hydrolyzing cells
In cases where plants exhibit generalized defense responses in organs distant from the infection site, this is termed
A hyperactive response
Systemic required resistance
Pleiotropy
Hyperplasia
A general systemic response
Tissues are composed of cells, and tissues functioning together make up
Organs
Membranes
Organ systems
Organelles
Organisms
An example of property functioning homeostatic controlled system is seen when
The core body temperature of a runner rises gradually from 37 C to 45 C
The kidneys excrete salt into the urine when dietary salt levels rise
A blood cells shrinks when placed into a solution of salt and water
The blood pressure increases in response to an increase in blood volume
Unlike most bony fishes, sharks maintain body fluids that are isoosmoric to seawater, so they are considered by man to be osmoconformers. Nonetheless, these sharks osmoregulate at least partially by
Using their gills and kidneys to rid themselves if sea salts
Monitoring dehydration at the cellular level with special gated aquaporins
Tolerating Hugh urea concentrations that balance internal salt concentrations to seawater osm
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