Business finance Sources of finance Forecasting and managing cash flows Costs Budgets

What is the primary source of finance for most businesses?
Equity financing
Debt financing
Grants
Retained earnings
Which of the following is an example of external sources of finance?
Bank loans
Personal savings
Trade credit
Retained earnings
What is the purpose of cash flow forecasting?
What is the formula to calculate net cash flow?
Net Income + Depreciation - Taxes
Revenue - Expenses
Cash Inflows - Cash Outflows
Assets - Liabilities
Which of the following is considered a fixed cost?
Rent
Raw materials
Utilities
Salaries
What is the purpose of a budget?
Which of the following is an example of a variable cost?
Direct labor
Insurance premiums
Advertising expenses
Property taxes
What is the formula to calculate gross profit?
Revenue - Expenses
Net Income - Taxes
Sales - Cost of Goods Sold
Assets - Liabilities
What is the purpose of a cash flow statement?
Which of the following is an example of an operating expense?
Rent
Interest payments
Salaries
Research and development costs
What is the formula to calculate return on investment (ROI)?
Net Income / Total Assets
Revenue - Expenses
Net Profit Margin x Asset Turnover
Net Income / Total Investment
What is the purpose of cost-volume-profit analysis?
Which of the following is an example of an external factor that can impact cash flow?
Economic downturns
Changes in government regulations
Employee turnover
Technological advancements
What is the formula to calculate break-even point in units?
Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin per Unit
Revenue - Expenses
Variable Costs / Contribution Margin per Unit
Assets - Liabilities
What is the purpose of a variance analysis?
Which of the following is an example of an internal source of finance?
Bank loans
Retained earnings
Venture capital
Selling assets
What is the formula to calculate net profit margin?
Net Income / Total Assets
Revenue - Expenses
Net Income / Sales
Assets - Liabilities
What is the purpose of a cash budget?
Which of the following is considered a direct cost?
Rent
Raw materials
Utilities
Salaries
What is the formula to calculate payback period?
Initial Investment / Annual Cash Inflows
Revenue - Expenses
Net Present Value / Discount Rate
Initial Investment / Annual Cash Flows
What is the purpose of a cost of goods sold (COGS) statement?
Which of the following is an example of an intangible cost?
Rent
Advertising expenses
Employee training
Raw materials
What is the formula to calculate return on assets (ROA)?
Net Income / Total Assets
Revenue - Expenses
Net Profit Margin x Asset Turnover
Net Income / Total Investment
What is the purpose of a master budget?
Which of the following is an example of an opportunity cost?
Rent
Interest payments
Foregone revenue from choosing one investment over another
Property taxes
What is the formula to calculate working capital?
Current Assets - Current Liabilities
Revenue - Expenses
Net Income / Total Assets
Assets - Liabilities
What is the purpose of a cash flow forecast?
Which of the following is an example of an indirect cost?
Rent
Advertising expenses
Employee salaries
Utilities
What is the formula to calculate asset turnover?
Net Income / Total Assets
Revenue - Expenses
Sales / Average Total Assets
Assets - Liabilities
What is the purpose of a cost allocation method?
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