ANSC class Quiz
Carnivores
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
What type of digestive tract do Carnivores have?
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Other facts about Carnivores
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Herbivores
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Herbivore digestion tract?
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Omnivores
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Omnivores teeth?
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Classification of animals according to type of digestive tracts
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Prehension
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Mastication
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Mastication jobs
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Saliva Jobs
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Pharynx
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Deglutition
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Epiglottis
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
How do the Pharynx and Epiglottis coordinate
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Peristalsis
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Differences between animals
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Esophagus is present in two sections:
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Contractions in a horse:
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Ruminant
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Ruminant stomach:
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Rumen-paunch:
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Volatile Fatty Acids
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Reticulum (honeycomb)
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Bloat
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Omasum
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Scours or Diarrhea
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Abomasum (true stomach)
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
Horse
95% of the acid production in a healthy rumen, the major energy source for ruminants
1. Monogastric/simple 2. Polygastric (ruminant or modified ruminants) 3. Hindgut fermenter (ex:rabbit) 4. Avian
1. Mouth to crop 2. Crop to proventriculus
Asimple digestive tract but have adaptions for ripping and chewing meat
Breakdown of feed/food into smaller pieces
Designed for front chewing and back grinding
They require Taurine, they eat vegetation as an emetic, Facultative carnivores may consume some plant materials
1. Birds have a hard palate 2. Crop
It collects foreign material, Determines proper particle size, and is responsible for regurgitation and eructation
Water (makes swallowing easier), Mucin(Lubricates), Bicarbonate salts, Some secrete salivary amylase, lubricates and solubilizes
Tube like structure of the throat which serves as a common pathway for air and food
Act of swallowing
Process of seizing and conveying feed/food into the mouth
Flap like structure of connective tissue
So that the Epiglottis fold down and cover the laryn during swallowing, preventing the food from entering the lungs
Series of coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. It forces the feed/food down the tract
Consume both animal flesh and plants
They only occur in a downward direction
Consume plant materials which are lower in nutrient value and harder to digest
Stomach is divided into 4 major compartments
Makes up about 70% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
A more complex digestion tract and teeth which are designed to grind
Is the largest compartment, located where fermentation takes place- produces Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA's), and absorbs the VFA's
Gas build up in Rumen, animal can't get rid of
Chewing, Secretion of Saliva, Very important in Herbivores, Not important in Carnivores, Doesn't exist in Poultry
Is responsible for absorption of water, and further digestion
Need to watch electrolyte balance and water intake/content
Acid and enzyme secretion, digestion
Has a smaller stomach compared to other species, doesn't have extensive muscle contraction so ingesta layers itself, Only makes up abot 10% of the capacity of the intestinal tract
Obligate or true carnivores consume flesh of other animals.
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