General Psychology Quiz 1; Chapter's 1, 5, & 10

(Beginning of Ch 1 Questions) Theories allow psychologists to make ________such as a client's chance of recovery.

Jean, a divorced mother with two children, married Harry, a widower with a teenage daughter. From the onset of her relationship with Harry, Jean had difficulty in relating to his daughter. Once married, the family problems between stepmother and stepdaughter became exacerbated. Who might be consulted?

School psychologists are employed by school districts to

Which of the following psychologists is most likely to conduct pure research?

Industrial psychologists and organizational psychologists study the behavior of people in

As much as she tried to lose weight, Pauline could not achieve her goal of 15% weight loss. Accordingly, she made an appointment to consult with Dr. Richman, a _________psychologist.

A forensic psychologist may be involved in any of the following activities EXCEPT:

Would a sample of children from an affluent suburban district be considered a representative sample of American children?

All of the following are disadvantages of survey research EXCEPT

You are interested in studying whether preschool boys engage in more aggressive play than preschool girls. You decide to watch children playing in a day care setting. You are using the _________ method.

If you were to conduct an experiment on the effects of temperature on aggressive behavior, temperature would be the ________ variable.

You volunteer to participate in a research experiment. You participate in a variety of test procedures and interviews. Later, however, you learn that another group of participants had an experimental treatment that you and members of your group did not have. This is because you

Psychology is defined as the scientific study of:

As a science, Psychology has four goals. Which of the following is NOT one of those goals?

Wilhelm Wundt felt that the object of psychology was the study of the mind as a natural event and that the best way to approach the study of psychology was to

The school of psychology that emphasizes the purposes of mind and behavior and views consciousness as a continuous, not discrete, process is called

The scientific method allows us to

In selecting research participants, the results can be generalized if the sample represents the

The sociocultural perspective is concerned with the

______________ psychologists study the relationship between genetic and environmental factors on growth of the individual through the life span.

______________ psychologists are concerned with racism, sexism, and ageism

John Watson proposed a definition of psychology that omitted all of the following EXCEPT

The school of psychology that emphasizes the organization of perceptual experience into wholes and the integration of seperate stimuli into meaningful patterns is termed

That people are motivated to satisfy unconscious urges and to avoid guilt feelings at the same time is an assumption of

Which of the following statements distinguishes psychanalysis from other schools of psychology?

Psychologists with a biological perspective study the links between __________ and behavior.

The statement that the mental state associated with being in love can be reduced to chemical changes in the brain is most likely to be made by a psychologist taking the _____________ perspective.

Cognitive psychologists would be least interested in

Lydia Corfield, a humanistic-existential psychotherapist, is most likely to make which of the following statements to her clients about their objectives for therapy?

Cathy was a very successful real estate agent. At age 36 she decided to donate her wealth to charity and become a missionary in Haiti, where she has been living in relative contentment for the past two years. Which perspective would best explain Cathy's behavior?

A hypothesis is an assumption or a best guess that

A correlation coefficient is a number

A correlation of -.90 between two sets of test scores indicates that people who earned high scores on the first test generally earned __________ scores on the second.

(Beginning of Ch 5 Questions) You walk past Pizza Hut and salivate in response to the aroma of freshly based pizzas. This is the result of

While sitting in her Jeep at a red traffic light, Lauren heard a loud screech. One second later, a cab smashed into the back of her Jeep. Now when she hears a screeching sound, she feels anxious. In this example, the screech became an effective ___________, and her anxiety in response to the sound became the ____________.

Your little brother learned that a cow says "moo moo." When he sees a horse he calls it a "moo moo," this is an example of

A baby cries in response to faces of strangers but smiles when he sees his mother's face. This is an example of

A child who is afraid of the water is tossed into a swimming pool to teach him how to swim is an example of

Which of the following is NOT an example of a reinforced behavior?

A slot machine is an example of a

To train a young child to eat with a spoon, you should reinforce small steps until she gets it right. This is an example of

Operant conditioning can be effective in which of the following circumstances

William's dad was a gardener. William often played in the yard where his dad worked. He now has his own home and prides himself for having the best garden on the block. Most likely ________________ learning occurred during his childhood.

According to behaviorists, _______________ is any relatively permanent change in an organism's behavior that occurs because of experience.

Because of the phenomenon of spontaneous recovery, psychologists believe that

Stimuli that increase the frequency of behavior are referred to as

Any stimulus that, when removed, increases the likelihood that a behavior will continue is called a(n)

Punishment is an aversive event that _______________ the frequency of the behavior it follows.

The most effective method for teaching complex behaviors is

According to the text, media violence is said to do all of the following EXCEPT

Viewers of media violence are more likely to imitate media violence when

The reason fish and tadpoles are born able to swim, and robins can sing the song of their species immediately after birth is that lower animals' behavior is

The reason we are more likely to stop at a red light than at a green light is because

The reasons that Ivan Pavlov's dogs began salivating in response to an assistant entering the laboratory, was because

_________________ usually takes only one trial to condition successfully.

Many fear responses are acquired through the process of _______________conditioning.

Peter has a phobia for dogs. The behavior therapist has him relax and just think about dogs, and occasionally shows him pictures of dogs. The next session will involve going to the pet store to observe dogs through a glass, and the next week a trip to a kennel. In every instance Peter must maintain a relaxed response. This type of behavior therapy is known as

In ______________ conditioning the focus is on how organisms form anticipations about the environment; in ______________ conditioning the focus is on what the organism does to act on the environment.

Reinforcers can be

Spontaneous recovery of extinguished responses in operant conditioning supports the notion that the

_____________ work to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened, whereas _________________ work to decrease the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened.

When you are beginning to train your dog to sit, it is most effective to put him on

After your dog has learned to consistently come to you on command, it is wise to put her on __________________ because it is more resistant to extinction.

(Beginning of Ch 10 Questions) Adults frequently reinforce undesirable behavior in children by _______________ them.

According to Freud, your telephone number is stored at the _____________ level.

Frank tended to drive recklessly because he enjoyed it. He had received several traffic tickets and had even been in car accidents. Freud would likely say that Frank's actions are based upon which psychic structure?

Casey says she feels bad because she broke her mother's vase. This feeling is most consistent with the

Fred is overweight and continually overeats. He abuses alcohol, smokes and bites his nails. Freud would theorize that these behaviors are likely the result of

Which person best illustrates the concept of conflict during the anal stage?

Beth prefers to spend her time alone and very rarely does something spontaneous. She would be described by Eysenck as

Lucy has trained for a marathon, and she thinks that she will be able to complete the race. This is an example of _______________ according to social-cognitive theory.

Karen is open to new experience, not afraid to take risks and always strives to do her best on any project. According to Maslow, Karen demonstrates characteristics of a

When giving correction, a parent seperates the behavior from the child so the child does not experience rejection for the inappropriate behavior. This demonstrates Rogers'

Nicholas develops a new assessment tool to measure the personality factor "extraversion." He finds that individuals who take the test repeatedly tend to score similarly each time. To what dimension of assessment does this refer?

Joshua developed an assessment tool to determine a person's level of depression. However, upon repeated trials, he comes to find that the test is actually a better measure of self-esteem. Joshua's depression measure is not very ____________.

Reasonably stable patterns of actions, feelings, and motives are referred to as

Which theory emphasizes unconscious motives and inner conflicts?

The psychic structure that incorporates the moral standards and values of parents and develops throughout early childhood is known as the

Some impulses and desires are kept from awareness primarily by the

A fixation can occur during a psychosexual stage of development if there is

Erikson's theory emphasizes

Unlike behavioral theories, social cognitive theory recognizes the influence of _______________ on behavior.

Humanism endorses the concept(s) of

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is an example of

The TAT is widely used in research on motivation and in clinical practice. The assumption is that we are likely to

Which is an illustration of the defence mechanism "repression"?

Which psychic structure is motivating behavior when you are on a diet but eat a piece of chocolate cake anyway?

Which best illustrates a child in the phallic stage of psychosexual development?

Repression of sexual urges and identification with the same sex parent are the means for resolving the ______________stage of psychosexual development.

The difference between Jung's theory and Freud's theory is that Jung

A major contribution of the psychoanalytic theorists is

Freud's work may be criticized because

These traits of the five-factor model of personality are thought to be

A criticism of the behaviorist theory in regards to personality is that they have

Psychodynamic is to ___________________ as humanistic is to _________________.

What kind of test measures unconscious aspects of personality?

The reason for using a projective test is that