Applied

What is Applied linguistic

The academic discipline concerned with the relation of knowledge about language to decision making in the real world.

What are the need of applied linguistic in the following

Education, linguistic, anthropology, psychology, cociology

What are the scoops of applied linguistic?

Language and education/ Language, work and law/ Language, info, effect

What is language

Language is a system of arbitrary conventionalized vocal, written, or gestural symbols that enable members of a given community to communicate intelligibly with one another.

What are the Characteristics of language

1. Systematic 2. Used for communication. 3. Operates in a speech community or culture. 4. Set of arbitrary symbols (vocal, visual) 5. The symbols have conventionalized meanings to which they refer. 6. Language is essentially human, although possibly not limited to humans. 7. Language is acquired by all people in much the same way 8. Language and language learning both have universal characteristics

What is learning?

Acquiring knowledge of a subject or skill by study, experience, or instruction.

What are the domains/characteristics of learning

1. Learning is getting. 2. Learning is retention of information or skill. 3. Retention implies storage systems, memory, and cognitive organization. 4. Learning involves active, conscious focus on acting upon events outside or inside the organism. 5. Learning is relatively permanent but subject to forgetting. 6. Learning involves a form of practice. 7. Learning is a change in behavior.

What is teaching?

Showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, guiding and facilitating learning. Giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand.

� Understanding of how the learner learns will determine your philosophy of education, your teaching style, your approach methods, classroom techniques.

What are the school of thoughts in SLA?

Behaviorism/Structuralism ,

2. Rationalism & Cognitive Psychology

3. Constructivism

Talk about Structuralism/Behaviorism

Structural or descriptive and empiricist school of linguistics

Learnign is a change in behavior/ sr model / Learner is passive/ reinforcement /

Talk about Rationalism & Cognitive Psychology?

Generative-transformational school of linguistics

LAD / universal grammar is innate/

Chomsky’s Performance (Parole) & competence (Langue).

Talk about Constructivism?

Also called creative construction hypothesis

Social interactions/ conversation, cooperative group learning/ learners‟ errors in SLA/

No specific input/ learners read and hear to acquire / speech and writing are an outcome

Some learners learn faster than the others.

How children start to acquire L

1- Small babies: babble and coo and cry – vocal + non-vocal messages. 2- End of 1st year: imitate words and sounds. Produce their first words 3- 18 months: increased in vocab - use 2-word 3-word utterances (telegraphic utterances) 4- 3 years: understand a quantity of linguistic input, they do not stop chatter. 5- School age: understand complex structures – expand vocab & communication. Learn Social function of L.

What are the theories of first language acquisition?

1. Behavioristic Approach 2. Nativist Approach 3. Functional Approach

How the children learn the language

Children learn language as an integrated system.

- 4-year old children applied present progressive, past tense, third singular, and possessives

Behavioristic: “say what I say” FLA

Tabula rasa , language = behavior , sr + reinforcement- repetition- habit,

Skinner: Verbal Behavior = learning by operant conditioning

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