Exam 4 Practice
Chick and Mouse Development Quiz
Test your knowledge on vertebrate embryology with our comprehensive quiz focused on chick and mouse development. This quiz covers key concepts in early development, gastrulation, gene expression, and more.
- 42 engaging multiple-choice questions
- Perfect for students, educators, and anyone interested in developmental biology
- Enhance your understanding and retention of important topics
Which of the following extraembryonic structures in vertebrates contains blood vessels for gas exchange?
Amnion
Chorion
Allantois
Amniote
Chicks are excellent model systems for all of the reasons EXCEPT:
Easily manipulated
Internal fertilization
Fewer embryos
Small size
In early chick development, what would happen if Koller’s sickle was not present?
No primary hypoblast would form
The marginal zone would be disrupted
No epiblast would form
No secondary hypoblast would form
During chick gastrulation, cells moving through the primitive groove form which germ layers?
Ectoderm & endoderm
Ectoderm & mesoderm
All three germ layers
Mesoderm & endoderm
During chick gastrulation, what structure is formed by the first cells through the primitive groove?
Somites
Kidney
Lateral plate mesoderm
Pharyngeal endoderm
During chick gastrulation, cells that enter the primitive groove at a more posterior location will form what type of mesoderm?
Axial mesoderm
Paraxial mesoderm
Extraembryonic mesoderm
Lateral plate mesoderm
In amniotes, the primitive streak moves in the _____ direction and cells in the ____ end of the embryo differentiate first.
Posterior/posterior
Anterior/posterior
Posterior/anterior
Anterior/anterior
In chicks, the posterior marginal zone expresses ____ and combines with B-catenin from the marginal zone in order to activate ____ and establish the primitive streak.
WNT8c/Nodal
Oct4/Nanog
Sox2/Nanog
Vg1/Nodal
Mice are excellent model systems for all of the reasons EXCEPT:
Small size (for mammal)
Sequenced genome
Easily manipulated
External fertilization
In chick embryos, cleavage initially occurs in which location?
Blastopore
Blastocoel
Blastomere
Blastodisc
Which of the following is NOT a difference in initial cleavage between mice and chicks?
1st cell division takes much longer in mice
Chick cleavage occurs at the blastodisc
Mice have rotational cleavage
Chicks have an amnion
In mice, at what cell stage do blastomeres increase E-cadherin expression?
2 cell stage
16 cell stage
10 cell stage
8 cell stage
In mice, what is expressed on the outside of the morula?
Oct4
Sox2
Vg1
Cdx2
In mice gastrulation, the node forms on the ____ end of the primitive streak and cells that pass through form the _____.
Posterior/definitive endoderm
Anterior/definitive endoderm
Posterior/notochord
Anterior/notochord
Which of the following signaling pathways is required for mesendoderm formation in mice?
WNT3a
BMP4
Cdx2
FGF8
In mice, which of the following is a consequence of having an Lhx1 mutation?
No primitive streak
No epithelial to mesenchymal transition
No bone formation
No head
In mice, which of the following genes are expressed most anteriorly?
AbdB/Hoxa13
AbdB/Hoxa1
Labial/Hoxa13
Labial/Hoxa1
Cervical vertebrae express which of the following genes?
Hox6
Hox11
Hox10
Hox5
In mice embryos, which of the following does NOT aid in forming the primitive streak?
WNT3a
Nodal
BMP4
Hox6
A developing mouse is missing the Hox11 gene in its spine, what is most likely to be affected?
Lumbar vertebrae will become thoracic
Thoracic vertebrae will become lumbar
Lumbar vertebrae will become sacral
Sacral vertebrae will become lumbar
True or False: A mouse with spinsus inversus is likely to have their liver on the right side.
True
False
Which of the following forms the placodes?
Neural plate
Neural crest
Visceral endoderm
Surface ectoderm
Ectodermal cells with moderate BMP4 expression will form which of the following?
Epidermis
Neural
Neural plate
Neural crest
During neural tube formation, what forms the medial hinge point? (MHP)
Lateral edges
Epidermis
Dorsal lateral hinge points
Cells in the midline
Which of the following forms the cerebellum?
Myelencephalon
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Metencephalon
Which of the following signals are used to pattern the diencephalon?
Just FGF
FGF and WNT
FGF and SHH
Just SHH
If rhombomere r4 is absent of Hoxb1 gene, what will it form?
Facial nerve
Oculomotor nerve
Optic nerve
Trigeminal nerve
During neural cell specification, which of the following is most likely to induce Nkx6.1 and repress Dbx2?
Low SHH
High SHH
No SHH
Intermediate SHH
Where does cell division occur in the neural tube?
Basal portion
ICM
Trophoblast
Ventricular zone
Cell bodies reside in the ____ to become ____.
Mantle layer/white matter
Marginal layer/white matter
Marginal layer/gray matter
Mantle layer/gray matter
An ectoderm cell has an initial WNT signal that is sustained and then followed by BMP, what type of ectoderm cell is likely formed?
Epidermis
Cranial placodes
Notochord
Neural crest
Which of the following is NOT formed by neural crest cells in all regions?
Melanocytes
Glia/Schwann cells
Meninges of the brain and spinal cord
Odontoblasts
Which of the following is NOT formed by cranial neural crest cells?
Bone
Cartilage
Muscle
Sympathetic ganglia
The cardiac neural crest is a subregion of which of the following?
Trunk neural crest
Vagal neural crest
Sacral neural crest
Cranial neural crest
Which of the following is NOT formed by trunk neural crest cells?
Sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion
Adrenal medulla
Nerve clusters around aorta
Posterior enteric nervous system
A cranial neural crest cell with no hox genes is most likely to generate what?
Cartilage
Muscle
Odontoblasts
Bone
During neural crest cell specification, what signals form the gene regulatory network (GRN)?
FGF & WNT
BMP & FGF
All 3
WNT & BMP
With respect to the delamination process, surface ectoderm expresses which of the following cadherins?
Cadherin-3A
N-cadherin
Cadherin-6B
E-cadherin
Which of the following is most likely to guide neural crest to the gut during collective cell migration?
Semaphorin-3F
Ephrin
Nodal
GDNF
Which of the following pharyngeal arches do NOT become cardiac neural crest cells?
3
4
6
5
Which of the following best describes the Otic placode?
Anterior
Intermediate
I'm so fucking tired
Posterior
Which of the following is expressed to form a single eye field?
SHH
BMP4
Delta
Otx2
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