LESSON 4: Alternatives to Experimentation: Surveys and Interviews
Survey Research Mastery Quiz
Test your knowledge about survey research and its alternatives to experimentation. This quiz covers key concepts, advantages, and limitations of survey methodologies, providing a great opportunity to enhance your understanding.
Prepare to explore:
- Question construction techniques
- Types of survey questions
- Sampling methods and their importance
- Reliability and validity in surveys
Obtains data about opinions, attitudes, preferences, and behaviors using questionnaires or interviews.
A. Questionnaires
B. Interviews
C. Survey Research
D. Secret
I. Anonymous surveys can increase the accuracy of answers to sensitive questions.
II. Surveys can allow us to draw inferences about the causes of behavior and can complement laboratory and field experiments
III. We can efficiently collect large amounts of data.
A. Survey Research: Disadvantages
B. Survey Research: Advantages
C. Survey Research: Limitation
D. Survey Research: Delimitation
The survey approach does not allow us to test hypotheses about causal relationships because we do not manipulate independent variables and control extraneous variables.
A. Survey Research: Disadvantages
B. Survey Research: Advantages
C. Survey Research: Limitation
D. Survey Research: Delimitation
Require that participants respond with more than a yes or 1-10 rating and have a low imposition of units.
A. Closed questions (Structured Questions)
B. Content Analysis
C. Measuring Response
D. Open-ended questions (Open Questions)
Can be answered using a limited number of alternatives and have a high imposition of units.
A. Closed questions (Structured Questions)
B. Content Analysis
C. Measuring Response
D. Open-ended questions (Open Questions)
Open-ended questions can be analyzed using _____in which responses are assigned to categories using objective rules.
A. Closed questions (Structured Questions)
B. Content Analysis
C. Measuring Response
D. Open-ended questions (Open Questions)
3 Tips When Constructing Questions
Avoid double-barreled (compound) questions that require responses about two or more unrelated ideas.
Use exhaustive response choices.
Answer questions using the STAR method.
Keep items simple and unambiguous, and avoid double negatives.
Assigns items to two or more distinct categories that can be named using a shared feature, but does not measure their magnitude.
A. Interval
B. Ordinal
C. Nominal
D. Ratio
Measures the magnitude of the dependent variable using ranks, but does not assign precise values.
A. Interval
B. Ordinal
C. Nominal
D. Ratio
Measures the magnitude of the DV using equal intervals between values with no absolute zero point.
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Measures the magnitude of the dependent variable using equal intervals between values and an absolute zero.
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Are tendencies to respond to questions or test items without regard to their actual wording.
A. Yea-saying
B. Response Style
C. Position preference
D. Willingness to answer
Is the tendency to guess or omit items when unsure.
A. Yea-saying
B. Nay-saying
C. Position preference
D. Willingness to answer
I. Is selecting an answer based on its position.
II. For example, students choosing “c" on multiple-choice exams.
A. Yea-saying
B. Nay-saying
C. Position preference
D. Willingness to answer
Is agreeing with an item regardless of its manifest content.
A. Manifest Content
B. B. Nay-saying
C. Yea-saying
Is disagreeing with an item regardless of its manifest content.
A. Manifest Content
B. Nay-saying
C. Yea-saying
D. Context Effect
Plain meaning of the words printed on the page.
A. Manifest Content
B. Context Effect
C. Collecting Survey Data
D. The social desirability response set
Are changes in question interpretation due to their position within a survey.
A. Manifest Content
B. Context Effect
C. Collecting Survey Data
D. The social desirability response set
Is representing ourselves in a socially appropriate fashion when responding to a question’s latent content (underlying meaning).
A. Manifest Content
B. Context Effect
C. Collecting Survey Data
D. The social desirability response set
The interviewer can explore interesting topics as they arise. These data may not be usable for content analysis.
A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Unstructured interview
D. Structured interviews
Questions are asked the same way each time. This provides more usable, quantifiable data.
A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Structured interviews
D. Unstructured interview
Is the extent to which the survey is consistent and repeatable
A. Population
B. Reliability
C. Validity
D. Sampling
Is the extent to which a survey actually measures the intended topic.
A. Population
B. Reliability
C. Validity
D. Probability Sampling
Consists of all people, animals, or objects that share at least one characteristic.
A. Population
B. Sample
C. Probability sampling
D. Simple Random Sampling
Is a subset of the population of interest (the population we are studying).
A. Sample
B. Simple Random Sampling
C. Probability Sampling
D. Systematic Random Sampling
Involves selecting subjects in such a way that the odds of their being in the study are known or can be calculated; begin by defining the population you want to study, then choose an unbiased method for selecting the subjects
A. Simple Random Sampling
B. Stratified Sampling
C. Cluster Sampling
D. Probability Sampling
I. Most basic form of probability sampling
II. A portion of the whole population is selected in an unbiased way
III. All members of the population being studied must have an equal chance of being selected
A. Simple Random Sampling
B. Stratified Sampling
C. Cluster Sampling
D. Systematic Sampling
I. All members of the population are known and can be listed in an unbiased way
II. A research picks the nth person; n is determined by size of population and the desired sample size
II. A research picks the nth person; n is determined by size of population and the desired sample size
A. Simple Random Sampling
B. Stratified Sampling
C. Cluster Sampling
D. Systematic Sampling
I. Used when populations have distinct subgroups
II. Obtained by randomly sampling from people in each subgroup in the same proportions as they exist in the population
II. Obtained by randomly sampling from people in each subgroup in the same proportions as they exist in the population
A. Nonprobability sampling
B. Stratified Sampling
C. Cluster Sampling
D. Systematic Sampling
Sample entire _____ or naturally occurring groups that exist within the population
A. Nonprobability sampling
B. Stratified Sampling
C. Cluster Sampling
D. Systematic Sampling
In ________ _________ subjects are not chosen at random
A. Nonprobability Sampling
B. Quota Sampling
C. Convenience Sampling
Purposive Sampling
Select samples through predetermined quotas that reflect the makeup of the population
A. Quota Sampling
B. Convenience Sampling
C. Purposive Sampling
D. Snowball Sampling
Obtained using any groups who happen to be available
A. Quota Sampling
B. Convenience Sampling
C. Purposive Sampling
D. Snowball Sampling
When nonrandom samples are selected because the individuals reflect a specific purpose of the study
A. Quota Sampling
B. Convenience Sampling
C. Purposive Sampling
D. Snowball Sampling
Researcher locates one or a few people who fit the criteria and asks these people to find more people
A. Quota Sampling
B. Convenience Sampling
C. Purposive Sampling
D. Snowball Sampling
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