AP Stats Test- Sampling Methods and Experimental Design
AP Statistics: Sampling Methods and Experimental Design Quiz
Test your knowledge on sampling methods and experimental design with this engaging quiz! Designed for students and educators alike, it covers various statistical concepts crucial for understanding data collection and analysis.
Challenge yourself with questions that explore:
- Different types of sampling methods
- The distinction between observational studies and experiments
- Control groups and their significance
You wish to survey people who have brought in their cars for service during the past month. You decide to pick a random sample of gas stations in the city and then survey all the customers who had work done during the past month. This is an example of
Cluster Sampling
Convenience Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling
Systematic Sampling
A bank wishes to survey its customers. The decision is made to randomly pick ten customers who just have checking accounts, ten who just have savings accounts, and ten who have both. This is an example of
Cluster Sampling
Convenience Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling
Systematic Sampling
A sales representative wishes to survey her client base of 47 companies. She has 47 business cards, all identical size, from her contacts in the companies. She drops them all in a small box, shakes them and picks out 5 cards for her sample. This is an example of
Cluster Sample
Convenience Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling
Systematic Sampling
Two studies are run to compare the experiences of low-income families receiving food stamps to those receiving cash subsidies. The first study interviews 50 families who have been in each government program for at least 2 years, while the second assigns families to each program and interviews them after two years. Which of the following is a true statement?
Both are observational studies because of the time involved
Both are observational studies because there are no control groups
The first is an observational study, the second is an experiment
The first study is an experiment, the second is an observational study
Both studies are experiments
Can changing diet reduce blood pressure? Vegetarian and low salt diets are both promising. Men with high blood pressure are assigned at random to four diets: normal diet, vegetarian with unrestricted salt, normal with restricted salt, and vegetarian with restricted salt. The 240 subjects are labeled 001 to 240. Software randomly assigns 60 subjects to each of the four diets. This is an example of
Completely Randomized Design
Randomized Block Design
Matched Pairs Design
Observational Study
Simple Random Sample
The Community Intervention Trial for Cessation asked whether a community wide advertising campaign would reduce smoking. The researchers located 11 pairs of communities, each pair similar in location, size, economics status, and so on. One community in each pair participated in the advertising campaign and the other did not. This is an example of
Completely Randomized Design
Randomized Block Design, but not matched pairs
Matched Pairs Design
Observational Study
A Stratified Random Sample
You want to take a simple random sample of 50 of the 816 students who live in a dormitory on campus. You label the students 001 to 816 in alphabetical order. In the table of random digits, you read the entries 95592 94007 69769 33547 72450 16632 81194 14873. The first three students in your sample have labels
955,929,400
400,769,769
559,294,007
929,400.769
400,769,335
Control groups are used in experiments in order to
Control the effects of outside variables on the outcome
Control the subjects of a study to ensure that all participate equally
Guarantee that someone other than the investigators, who have a vested interest in the outcome
Achieve a proper and uniform level of randomization
Reduce the variability in results
You want to know the opinions of American high school teachers on the issue of establishing a national proficiency test as a prerequisite for graduation from high school. You obtain a list of high school teachers belonging to the National Education Association and mail a survey to a random sample of 2500 teachers. In all, 1347 of the teachers return the survey. Of those that responded, 32% say they favor some sort of national proficiency test. Which of the following is true?
Since random sampling was used, we feel confident that 32% of all high school teachers favor the test
We cannot trust these results since the survey was mailed
Because over half of the sample responded, we feel confident that 32% of all high school teachers favor the test
The results of the survey may be affected by non-response bias
The results of this survey cannot be trusted due to voluntary response bias
Few people want to each discolored French fries. Potatoes are kept refrigerated before being cut into French fries to prevent spoiling and preserve flavor. Unfortunately, immediate processing of cold potatoes causes discoloring due to complex chemical reactions. The potatoes must therefore be brought to room temperature before processing. Researchers want to design an experiment in which tasters will rate the color and flavor of French fries from several groups of potatoes. The potatoes will be freshly picked, stored for a month at room temperature, or stored for a month refrigerated. They will then be sliced and cooked. Identify the experimental units, the treatment, and the response respectively
Potatoes, storage method, color and flavor
Potatoes, color and flavor, storage method
Random assignment, storage method, color and flavor
French fries, cooking method, taste
Taste, french fries, cooking method
A new headache remedy was given to a group of 25 subjects who had headaches. Four hours after taking the new remedy, 20 of the subjects reported that their headaches had disappeared. From this information you conclude
That the remedy is effective for the treatment of headaches
Nothing, because the sample size is too small
Nothing, because there is no control group for comparison
That the new treatment is better than aspirin
That the remedy is not effective for the treatment of headaches
A study of treatments for angina (pain due to low blood supply to the heart) compared bypass surgery, angioplasty, and use of drugs. The study looked at the medical records of thousands of angina patients whose doctors had chosen one of these treatments. If found that the average survival time of patients given drugs was the highest. What do you conclude?
This study proves that drugs prolong life and should be the treatment of choice
We can conclude that drugs prolong life because the study was a comparative experiment
We can't conclude that drugs prolong life because the patients were volunteers
We can't conclude that drugs prolong life because it was an observational study
We can't conclude that drugs prolong life because no placebo was used
Which of the following is a true statement?
While properly designed experiments can strongly suggest cause and effect relationships, a complete census is the only way of establishing such a relationship
If properly designed, observational studies can establish cause and effect relationships just as strongly as properly designed experiments
Controlled experiments are often undertaken later to establish cause and effect relationships first suggested by observational studies
A useful approach to overcome bias in observational studies is to increase the sample size
In an experiment, the control group is a self-selected group who choose not receive a designated treatment
A company has 1000 employees distributed throughout five assembly plants. A sample of 30 employees is to be chosen as follows. Each of the five managers will be asked to place the 200 time cards of their respective employees in a bag, shake them up, and randomly draw out six names. The six names from each plant will be put together to make up the sample. Will this method result in a simple random sample of the 1000 employees?
Yes, because every employee has the same chance of being selected
Yes, because every plant is equally represented
Yes, because this is an example of stratified sampling, which is a special case of random sampling
No, because the plants are chosen randomly
No, because not every group of 30 employees has the same chance of being selected
A town has one high school, which buses students from urban, suburban, and rural communities. Which of the following samples is recommended in studying attitudes toward tracking of students in honors, regular, and below grade level classes?
Convenience Sample
Simple Random Sample
Stratified Sample
Systematic Sample
Voluntary Response sample
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