QUESTIONS POUR CONCOURS D’ENTRER D E S Radiologie 2016-2017

A 5-month-old child presents to Emergency Department with a reduced conscious level. No history of trauma, but he appears neglected. No physical injury is identified on clinical examination. A CT head is performed. Which one of the following is the most common intracranial finding in non-accidental injury?

2. A 7-year-old boy has fallen on an outstretched hand and complains of a painful right elbow. When reviewing the radiographs for evidence of bony injury, which one of the following statements is true?

A newborn delivered by cesarean section shows signs of respiratory distress soon after birth. A chest radiograph is performed. Which one of the following features favors the diagnosis of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)?

A 4-week-old male neonate presents with milky vomiting and a hypochloraemic alkalosis. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is suspected and ultrasound is performed. Which one of the following ultrasound findings would confirm the diagnosis?

A 4-year-old child presents with upper back pain. Hepatomegaly and blood tests show iron deficiency anemia. Chest radiograph demonstrates an abnormal mediastinal contour, and CT confirms an 8-cm posterior mediastinal mass which contains calcifications. The lungs are clear. Which one of the followings is most likely the diagnosis?

A 6-month-old child with palpable abdominal mass. Ultrasound is revealing a mixed echogenic mass in the left kidney. CT demonstrates a large mass within the left kidney which has a moderate enhancing component. Which one of the following would be the most likely diagnosis?

A 3-month-old infant with failure to thrive and tachypnea. No evidence of central or peripheral cyanosis. A chest radiograph shows enlarged central and peripheral pulmonary vessels throughout both lungs. Which one of the following is a potential diagnosis?

Interstitial lung disease is suspected in a 3-year-old child who has a long history of breathlessness on exertion. A chest radiograph reveals interstitial change at the lung base. The clinical symptoms are more severe that the radiographic changes appear to suggest and a diagnosis is yet to be established. Which one of the following would be the next appropriate investigation?

A 2-week-old baby presents with poor feeding and bilious vomiting. Malrotation is suspected and an upper GI contrast study (TOGD) is requested. What specific radiological finding would confirm the diagnosis?

A 5-year-old child presented 1 week ago with bacterial meningitis and is now persistently pyrexial with new onset seizures. A CT head with contrast injection shows frontal leptomeningeal enhancement, with hypodense material within the subdural space, but hyperdense to CSF. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 3-month-old infant with Tetralogy of Fallot is waiting surgery. A pre-operative chest radiograph is performed when the child has no current illness. Which one of the following features are you most likely to see?

A 2 week-old septic neonate shows worsening renal function and proteinuria. Seven days after his initial illness, an ultrasound is performed which reveals a unilateral enlarged kidney, with loss of corticomedullary differentiation and reversal of end-diastolic arterial flow. Associated adrenal hemorrhage is noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 12-year-old child with CF (cystic fibrosis) had been followed up with annual chest radiographs. Which of the following features is a late radiographic change associated with the disease?

A neonate with a history of worsening cyanosis and respiratory distress has a series of chest radiographs taken. The initial chest radiograph reveals a solid left upper lobe mass and over the course of 3 weeks, this becomes aerated. The progressive mediastinal shift is seen as the mass enlarges. Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 3-year-old boy presents with a short history of shortness of breath. Clinical examination is unremarkable, but on the chest radiograph there are multiple pulmonary nodules suggestive of metastases. Which one of the following tumors would be the most likely source of pulmonary metastasis?

A 4-year-old child presents with shortness of breath and fever. The chest radiograph shows a round opacity within the right lower lobe. No previous chest radiographs are available for comparison. Which one of the following statements is true when trying to distinguish pneumonia from a tumor in a child?

A newborn baby is hypoxic immediately following delivery. There is evidence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Which one of the following statements is true regarding meconium aspiration syndrome?

A 5-year-old boy is involved in traffic accident and is complaining of neck pain. Which of the following statements is true regarding the cervical spine radiograph?

A neonate presents at 24 hours old with vomiting, abdominal distension and failure to pass meconium. A series of investigations are performed. Which of the following would be in keeping with a diagnosis of meconium ileus?

Following a recent viral illness, a 5-year-old girl presents with a fluctuating conscious level, seizures and left leg weakness. She is apyrexial and does not have a rash. An MRI is performed. This shows bilateral areas of increased T2 signal in the subcortical white matter and cerebellum and deep grey matter. Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

3-day-old neonate demonstrates signs of respiratory distress. A chest radiograph demonstrates a right pleural effusion. Which one of the following is the commonest cause?

An 8-month-old child who was previously well presents with vomiting and altered conscious level. A CT head reveals significant hydrocephalus with a hyperdense mass. An MRI is arranged and reveals a lobulated mass adjacent to the trigone of lateral ventricles. The lesion yields low signal on both T1w and T2w sequences with avid enhancement postcontrast. Which one of the following is likely the most likely diagnosis?

A 6-year-old boy presents with a right-side limp of a few week’s duration. He is apyrexial. Which one of the following is the earliest radiographic sign that would support a diagnosis of Perthes’disease of the hip?

A 5-year-old child presents with vomiting, lethargy and a persistent headache. A CT head is performed and shows a hyperdense midline posterior fossa mass, abuting the fourth ventricle with associated hydrocephalus. There is significant peritumoral oedema but no calcification, and avid homogenous enhancement is seen postcontrast. Which one of the following posterior fossa tumors is the most likely diagnosis?

A 3-year-old girl presents with a purpuric rash, abdominal pain and blood-stained stools. Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the clinical diagnosis. Which one of the following statements is true when investigating this girl?

26. An 11-year-old boy presents with right hip pain. He is apyrexial and the clinicians are concerned that he has a slipped femoral epiphysis (epiphysiolyse aseptique). Which one of the following would be appropriate first-line imaging?

A 10-year-old child presented 5 weeks ago with prolonged fever and headache with new onset seizures. A CT head pre-and post-contrast injection shows frontal isodense mass with peripheral enhancement centered by a calcification. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 9-year-old child presents with headache and vomiting. Lumbar puncture tab shows a changed pathological CSF with 120 cells, 1.5g/l of protein and 1.5mmol/l of glucose. A CT head with contrast injection shows basilar meningeal enhancement, with hypodense erea of basal ganglia and associated hydrocephalus. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 7-year-old girl presents with a fluctuating conscious level, seizures and contractures. Lumbar tab is consistent with viral encephalitis. An MRI is performed. This shows bilateral areas of increased T2 signal in the thalami. Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 6-year-old boy is involved in traffic accident and is complaining of headache and subsequently developed altered conscious level. Which one of the following investigations is appropriate in this condition?

Signe appartient au syndrome alvéolaire:

Signe appartient au syndrome bronchique:

Signe appartient au syndrome interstitiel:

Signe appartient au syndrome de condensation

Signe indirect du syndrome bronchique:

Image de thymus normal sur le cliché du thorax de face:

Le signe de la shilouette est appliqué dans:

La radiographie du thorax de face chez une primo-infection tuberculeuse montre un foyer de condensation pulmonaire au lobe moyen droit, quelle lésion associée la plus fréquente?

Pour l’enfant plus de 3 ans, on fait la radiographie du thorax de face comme technique:

Dans le syndrome vasculaire, quelle cardiopathie congénitale qui peut donner une hypovascularisation pulmonaire généralisée?

41. Masse la plus fréquente au médiastin moyen chez l’enfant:

Masse la plus fréquente au médiastin moyen chez l’enfant:

Cause d’hydronéphrose unilateral chez un nouveau-né:

En cas d’occlusion haute néonatale, sur le cliché d’ASP en couché, montre:

Dans la méningite bactérienne non compliquée, sur l’échographie transfontanellaire, on peut voir:

La pleurésie de petite abondance, la radiographie du thorax de face en couché, montre:

Diagnostic en imagerie de sténose hypertrophique du pylore de nourrisson se fait par:

Signe “ Iceberg” appliqué dans:

Un prematuré avec maladie de membrane hyaline, sur le cliché du thorax on peut voir:

Hyperclarté pulmonaire se voit dans:

Image “double bulle” vu à l’ASP d’un nouveau-né, montre:

Cochez la proposition fausse :

Choisissez la proposition fausse à propos squelette :

Choisissez la proposition vraie. L’articulation entre la crête sphénoïdale inferieure et la rainure du bord supérieur du vomer est une :

Quelle structure contient des cellules musculaires lisses ?

Indiquez, parmi les os suivants, celui qui ne s’articule pas directement avec le frontal chez l’adulte :

A propos du système nerveux :

Cochez les nerfs moteurs de l’œil :

Choisissez la proposition exacte parmi les suivantes. L’axe de la tête cartilagineuse de l’humérus est oriente :

Quel muscle appartient a la coiffe des rotateurs ?

Concernant le tarse, cochez la proposition vraie :

Le talus n’articule pas avec :

Concernant l’articulation de la hanche, cochez la proposition fausse :

Concernant les poumons :

Le bol alimentaire passe successivement par :

Concernant le colon :

66. La vascularisation du sein n’est pas assurée par :

A propos du rachis :

Parmi les propositions suivantes concernant les os du pied, lequel se n’articule pas avec le cuboïde ?

A propos des voies aériennes et des poumons :

Concernant l’œsophage cervical :