Psychology Exam 1

What is Psychology?

Discipline concerned with behavior and mental process.

Discipline concerned with one's mind.

The way people think.

What were the first two types of psychologies?

Biological Perspective and Cognitive Perspective

Psychoanalysis and Phrenology

Behaviorism and Psychoanalysis

Functionalism and Psychoanalysis

What is Functionalism?

The purpose of behavior and consciousness

The theory of personality and a method of Psychotherapy

Bodily events affect behavior

What goes on in people's head

What is Psychoanalysis?

A theory of personality and a method of Psychotherapy that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts

Bodily events affect behavior

The purpose of behavior and consciousness

What goes on in people's head

The first field of Psychology to ask why people have consciousness was?

Behaviorism

Psychoanalysis

Functionalism

Phrenology

What is the biological perspective?

What goes on in people's head

A theory of personality and a method of Psychotherapy that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts

The purpose of behavior and consciousness

Bodily events affect behavior

What is the Cognitive perspective?

Bodily events affect behavior

What goes on in people's head

A theory of personality and a method of Psychotherapy that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts

The purpose of behavior and consciousness

What is the social-cultural perspective?

Unconscious dynamics within an individual such as inner forces and conflicts

The purpose of behavior and consciousness

Social and Cultural forces outside the individual

Personal growth and the achievement of human potential

What is the Psychodynamic perspective?

The purpose of behavior and consciousness

Unconscious dynamics within an individual such as inner forces and conflicts

Personal growth and the achievement of human potential

Social and Cultural forces outside the individual

What is Humanist Psychology?

Social and Cultural forces outside the individual

Unconscious dynamics within an individual such as inner forces and conflicts

Personal growth and the achievement of human potential

People deal with problems of everyday life.

The psychological perspective that emphasizes the "deep" Psychological causes of people's behavior is

Biological perspective

Learning perspective

Psychodynamic Perspective

Cognitive perspective

Psychological research involves the areas of basic and applied Psychology.

Biological perspective

Learning perspective

Psychodynamic Perspective

Cognitive perspective

Work with parents and students to enhance student performance

A detailed study of a particular individual being studied or treated which may be used to formulate broader research hypotheses

Observational studies

Case Studies

Psychological tests

Standardization

Purpose is to observe how people or animals behave in their natural environments

Purpose is to observe how people or animals behave in a more controlled setting

Research carefully and systematically observe and record behavior without interfering with behavior

Observational Studies

Standardization

Case Studies

Naturalistic Observation

Measures and evaluates personality traits

Standardization

Reliability

Psychological tests

Validity

Include uniform procedures for giving and scoring the test

Standardization

Reliability

Validity

Psychological

Scores achieved on a test at one time and place should be consistent with the scores achieved at another time and place

Psychological

Validity

Reliability

Standardization

Test to measure what it was designed to measure

Standardization

Reliability

Validity

Psychological

A correlational study looks for a consistent relationship between two variables

Standardization

Reliability

Validity

Psychological

Correlations show patterns not causes

Standardization

Reliability

Validity

Psychological

A controlled test of a hypothesis in which the researcher manipulates one variable to discover the effect on another

Case Study

An experiment

Correlational Study

Surveys

Distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behaviors, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterize an individual

Personality

Traits

Psychodynamic theories

Characteristics of an individual describing a habitual way of behaving, thinking, and feeling

Personalty

Traits

Psychodynamic theories

Theories that explain the behavior and personality in terms of unconscious dynamics within the individual

Personality

Traits

Psychodynamic theories

Operates according to the pleasure principle

Ego

Super-ego

Operates according to the reality principle

Ego

Super-ego

Fixation occurs when stages aren't resolved successfully

True

False

Psychological dispositions to respond to the environment in certain ways

Heredity

Temperaments

Heritability

Genetic differences among individuals within a group

Psychological

Heritability

Temperaments

Free will confers on us responsibility for our actions

Existentialism

Humanist approach

Positive Regard

List Erickson's 8 stages of man and the corresponding stages

Describe the three components of personality according to Freud's structure of personality

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