Nutrition and Diet Therapy nursing students are discussing the characteristics of Good Nutrition. They are discussing an aspect of good nutrition is about recognizing the difference between hunger and appetite. So which of the following statements would it be appropriate for the nursing students to make about Hunger?
Hunger is a psychological desire for food.
Hunger and appetite mean the same things
Hunger is a physiological need for food.
Hunger occurs when there is a decrease in blood glucose that supplies the body with energy.
The nursing student is assigned to care for a client with 3rd degree burns who is unable to eat. What would the student nurse do to ensure the client is getting adequate nutrition?
Wait 1 week and see if the client's condition improves enough that the client can eat.
Assess the client and immediately begin either tube feeding or parenteral.
Immediately begin tube feeding.
Immediately begin tube feeding. Wait for 5 days and check if the client still cannot eat, then suggest parenteral feeding.
The student nurse encountered a client diagnosed with Dyspepsia, and after discussion about underlying reasons, the student nurse found out the client had been stressed at work and at home when she/he conducted an interview. Based on this information, the student nurse would suggest that the cause of the dyspepsia is ---- in nature, and perhaps the best way to resolve the dyspepsia would be to:
Physiological: teach the client ideal eating habits.
Psychological: find relief from the underlying stress.
Physiological: allow the client sufficient time to relax
Psychological: treat physical ailment the client may have.
A client with a gastrointestinal problem has recently been given a new diet and is quite uncomfortable with it. If the client refuses to eat, what would be the most appropriate thing for the nurse to do in order to make the client more likely to eat?
Continually remind the client to eat because it is important for health.
Leave the client alone and hope they will eventually come around and begin to eat
Allow the client to temporarily stray from the diet because they are more likely to eat if they can eat what they want to eat.
Show the client respect and understanding while helping the client learn what they should eat.
If you are the student nurse assigned to a prima gravida mother, you are obliged to make a health-teaching plan during the course of her pregnancy. What should you do first?
Refer the client to the nearest center/hospital.
Perform leopold's maneuver.
Assess the nutritional status of the client.
Plan for the next appointment /visit.
In making a comprehensive nutritional plan for a pregnant client, the nurse should consider first the:
Nutritional status of the client.
Weight of the pregnant mother.
Socio-economic and political factors of the community.
Cultural and ethnic background of the client.
During the assessment of the nutritional status of the client, the nurse should be keen in her observation to the client in order to obtain a:
Conceptual planning method of the client and family.
Good judgment in doing her nursing process.
All of them identified.
Comprehensive health history of the client.
The best nursing diagnosis used by the student nurse in planning for her/his teaching plan to the client during the pre conceptual phase would be:
Altered body nutrition less than the body requirements.
Altered body fluids more than the body requirements.
Altered body resistance less than body requirements.
Altered nutrition due to electrolytes imbalance.
In monitoring activities in doing the nutrition evaluation of the pregnant mothers are the following EXCEPT:
Adequacy of nutrient intake using food intake tools.
Comparison of the present weight to the baseline weight
Client for compliance with prenatal vitamins therapy.
Look for clients for signs of wellness.
What type of vitamin is needed when a pregnant mother is taking calcium and phosphorus in order to calcify the fetal bones and teeth?
Vitamin E
Vitamin D
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
When a pregnant woman needs an extra 450 calories above the allowance for non pregnant women, what period of trimester is it?
Third
First
First, Second and Third
Second
Student nurses are doing a mothers class, and one mother asked about the importance of folic acid:
The folic acid reduces the risk of premature baby.
The folic acid prevents neural tube defects.
The folic acid helps bring strong bones.
The folic acid helps the baby's heart pump better.
What are the carbohydrates in breast milk and standard infant formula?
Vitamin
Lactose
Iron
Starch
In general, to educate mothers about food allergy, how to prevent allergy and to facilitate its prompt identification should occur, how many days do you wait before introducing the next new food?
3 to 5 days
1 to 2 days
8 to 10 days
5 to 8 days
What is a common concern during adolescence?
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia
Obesity
All that mention
We all know that during the adolescence stage it is a crucial time for bone development, what vitamin is important?
Vitamin C
Iron
Vitamin B12
Calcium
Jasmin, a nursing student, used a combination of the 24 hour intake, a cross check of food intake and three days food record to compute, nutrient intake of older persons: this method is called:
Inventory method
Food frequency
Diet history
Food record
What is the detailed account of a person's dietary practices?
Dietary history
24 Hours dietary recall
Food frequency questionnaires
Nutrition screening
What is the information included in obtaining a dietary history?
Medication and Supplementation history
Food intake and lifestyle habits
Personal and Social history
Food preference and Habits
A nurse is about to insert a nasogastric tube to a comatose client. To determine the accurate measurement of the length of the tube be inserted, the nurse should:
Place the tube at the tip of the nose, and measure by extending the tube to the earlobe and then down to the xiphoid process.
Place the tube at the tip of the nose, and measure by extending the tube to the earlobe and then down to the top of the sternum.
Place the tube at the tip of the nose, and measure by extending the tube down to the chin and then down to the top of the xiphoid process.
Place the tube at the base of the nose, and measure by extending the tube to the earlobe and then down to the top of the sternum.extending the tube to the earlobe and
What does progressive diet mean?
Full liquid diet
Clear liquid
Soft diet
High calorie diet
Mr Cruz verbalized to the student nurse on duty," Nurse what is the reason for holding food to eat or drink orally to me, after my procedure".
Gastric function is still absent or slow.
The patient is unconscious.
The patient is too weak to eat
Gastric function is fast.
The patient will undergo surgery of the gastrointestinal tract, what is the diet the doctor orders for the patient two to three days before the operation?
Clear liquid diet
Full liquid diet
Regular diet
Low residue diet
What is the main reason why surgeons generally order all foods and fluid withheld for at least 8 hours immediately before surgery?
To hasten recovery after surgery.
To help prevent regurgitation and aspiration of foods.
To avoid indigestion.
To promote effectiveness of anesthesia.
High fiber diets may cause bloating, gas formation, and heartburn. How to prevent or lessen these side effects, should the patient?
Try using supplements in high doses in each meal.
Drink more fluid with high fiber diets.
Add high fiber foods in small portions at first.
Add high fiber foods in a large serving at the onset.
A client comes to you for dietary advice. After interviewing and screening, you found out her history of CVD. She is moderately overweight, hypertensive, appetite is normal, has a wide range of food choices, and comes from a well off family. In this case, what would you recommend?
Normal sodium intake
Moderate sodium intake
Mild sodium intake
Very strict sodium diet
With difficulty of chewing associated with stroke, how will you modify the diet to improve the patient's nutrition?
Recommend high calorie diet
Provide low calorie diet
Suggest mechanically soft diet
Provide clear liquid diet
A diet modification that food selection is easily digested and simply prepared. This diet is given for conditions in which ease of chewing, swallowing, designed for patients recovering from trauma or debilitating disease. What diet is it?
Mechanical diet
Standard diet
Dysphagia diet
Soft diet
What diet emphasizes the use of foods high in fiber such as whole grain bread and cereals, generally low in calories. The purpose of the diets is to increase the weight of residue reaching the colon to increase intestinal peristalsis?
Mechanical diet
Low residue diet
High fiber diet
High calorie diet
It is a modification of the regular diet designed to bring about a steady loss of body weight until the reasonable weight goal has been achieved without jeopardizing nutritional adequacy
Carbohydrates restricted diet
Low purine diet
High protein diet
Low calorie diet
This kind of diet which is a highly individualized regular diet that often limits but does not exclude milk and milk products. Just to reduce any adverse reactions due to indigestion:
Low purine diet
Fat controlled diet
Low calorie diet
Lactose restricted diet
This diet regulates the dietary intake of protein to prescribed level, it is intended to reduce ammonia or toxic nitrogen metabolites in people with malfunctioning liver and kidney:
Low calorie diet
Fat controlled diet
Low protein diet
Low purine diet
A client who is recovering from a surgery has been ordered a change from a clear liquid diet to a full liquid diet. The nurse would offer which liquid item to the client?
Carbonated beverages
Gelatin
Pudding
Popsicle
A client has gastroesophageal reflux, which recommendation made by the nurse would be most helpful to the client?
Avoid liquid unless a thickening agent is used.
Avoiding eating 2 hours before going to sleep.
Maintain a diet of soft foods and cooked vegetables.
Sit upright for at least 1 hour after eating
A client with a gastrointestinal problem has recently been given a new diet and is quite uncomfortable with it. If the client refuses to eat for the most part, what would be the most appropriate thing for the nurse to do in order to make the client more likely to eat?
Allow the client to temporarily stray from the diet because they are more likely to eat if they can eat what they want to eat.
Show the client respect and understanding while helping the client learn what they should eat and why.
Leave the client alone and hope they will eventually.
Continually remind the client to eat because it is important for health.
A client has recently been diagnosed with Type Diabetes and asks the nurse for help formulating a nutrition plan. Which of the following recommendations would the nurse make to help the client increase calorie consumption to offset absorption problems?
Eating small meals with two or three snacks may be more helpful in maintaining blood glucose levels than three large meals.
Skip meals to help lose weight.
Increase consumption of simple carbohydrates.
Eat small meals with two or three snacks throughout the day to keep blood glucose levels steady.
A young adult man says that he cannot stay on a diet because of trouble finding one that will incorporate his food preferences. How does the nurse effectively plan nutritional care for this client?
Keep a 24 hour diary of his/her physical activities.
Obtains his accurate height and weight measurement.
Calculate his body mass index (BMI)
Maintain a 24 hour recall (diary) of his food intake.
The signs of presence of glucose in the urine, frequent urination, and thirst are the most immediate symptoms of this disease?
Renal disease
Peptic ulcer
Diabetes mellitus
CVD
Diet modification involves a change or adjustment of the regular diet. It is much like tailoring a suit. Which of the following should the nurse include as a primary focus in the teaching plan for a client placed on a transition diet?
That this diet plan will be a temporary dietary measure.
Those types of food items that are restricted on the diet
That the focus of the diet is on meal planning and diet selection technique.
That diet will be used on a long term basis.
What factor would the nurse consider to be necessary in order progression of the diet in a postoperative client?
Increase flatus production and abdominal distention.
Client feeling hunger
Presence of bowel sound
Bowel movement
The nurse has been teaching a client about a diet for post oral surgery. The teaching is successful if the client identifies which of the following meals?
Baked beans, hamburger and milk
Beef bouillon, spinach, and soda
Chicken fillet, spinach and soda
Porridge, tea, and gelatin
A clear liquid diet has been prescribed for the client who is recovering from gastric surgery. The nurse would check with the dietary department to ensure that the nursing kitchen is stocked with which food item that is allowed in this diet?
Chicken broth
Ice cream
Porridge
Orange juice
A client with hyperemesis gravidarum is on a clear liquid diet. The nurse should serve this client :
Apple juice and oatmeal
Tea, and gelatin
Milk and ice pop
Decaffeinated coffee and scrambled eggs
The nurse is teaching a client with malabsorption syndrome about the disorder and its treatment. The client asks which part of the gastrointestinal tract absorbs food. The nurse tells the client that product of digestion are absorbed mainly in the:
Stomach
Rectum
Small intestines
Large intestines
A home care nurse is instructing the parents of a child with iron deficiency anemia regarding the administration of a liquid oral iron supplements. The nurse tells the mother to:
Add the iron to the formula for easy administration.
Administer the iron at meal time.
Mix the iron with cereals to administer.
Administer the iron through straw.
When a patient complains of the food served in the hospital, what would you say?
"Your food taste really different from a regular diet"
"There is nothing we can do about it"
"The food service department really tries to make food appetizing, I am sure we can find a solution"
"I could not eat this food either"
Ms King is diagnosed having the new onset of hypertension 140/90 mmhg. at 20 weeks gestation in the absence of proteinuria. A condition characterized by an increase in body weight, elevated blood pressure, protein in the urine and edema during pregnancy is:
Eclampsia
Preeclampsia
Gestational hypertension
Gestational diabetes
Student nurses are evaluating a nutritionally satisfactory diet based on a wise selection of a variety of foods in relation to the recommended amount.
Balance
Proportionally
Variety
Adequacy
A client is constantly worried about getting "too fat" and is reducing to eating. The nurse assess that the client is suffering from:
Peptic Ulcer
Bulimia
Anorexia Nervosa
Malabsorption
You are taking the history of a 14 years old girl who has a BMI of 18. The girl reports inability to eat, induced vomiting and severe constipation. Which of the following would you most likely suspect:
Anorexia Nervosa
Multiple sclerosis
Bulimia Nervosa
Systemic sclerosis
The nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a client via a nasogastric feeding tube. What is the most important action of the nurse?
Aspirate abdominal contents to determine the amount of last feeding remaining in the stomach.
Check that the feeding solution matches the dietary order.
Verify correct placement of the tube.
Ensure that the feeding solution is at room temperature.
A disease of the immune system that involves painful inflammation of the joints is:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Sarcopenia
Senile dementia
Energy needs for pregnant women:
Change little during the second and third trimester
Require significant effort to meet during second and third trimester
Increase during the first trimester
Change little during the first trimester
For a patient who is at high risk of aspiration and is not expected to be able to eat stable foods for several months, an appropriate placement of a feeding tube might be:
Naso enteric
Jejunostomy
Nasogastric tube
Gastrostomy
Which of the following is true about an individual's caloric needs?
Females in general have higher BMR and therefore require more calories.
All individuals have the same caloric needs.
Dinner should be the heaviest meal of the day.
During cold weather people need more calories due to increased BMR.
The amount of complementary foods is recommended at about:
6 months
9 months
2 months
4 months
When a client is diagnosed with bulimia nervosa as the problem the adolescence was suffering, select appropriate health teaching to be given?
Refrain from skipping meals.
Include 30 minutes of exercise daily.
All of the above
Eat meals at regular timed meals co
If anorexia nervosa is present what the client should do?
All of the above.
Follow a computed food plan.
Increase 200 kcal per week above the usual intake
Eat three meals with or without snacks.
What tool is intended to promote optimal health by establishing nutrients that would lower the risk of nutrient deficiencies and reduce the incidence of chronic diseases?
Food guide Pyramid
Your guide to Good Nutrition
Recommended Dietary Allowance
Food Exchange List
What tool used when a food group system is valuable in planning and evaluating diets. Foods are derived into several main groups, which contain about the same amount of macronutrients and calories?
Food Pyramid
Food Exchange List
RDA
Your guide to Good Nutrition
What is the common method of assessment of a person's intake from the previous day?
Diet history
Food record
24 Hour recall
Food Frequency
How does the nurse effectively plan nutritional care for the client?
Maintain a 24 hour recall of the food intake
Obtains the accurate height and weight measurements
Keeps a 24 hour diary and physical activities
Calculate his body mass index
Which of the following is among the better known relationships between nutrition and disease prevention?
Appropriate energy intake helps prevent diabetes and CVD.
Appropriate fiber intake helps prevent goiter.
Moderate sodium intake helps prevent obesity.
Moderate sugar intake helps prevent hypertension.
Which of the following is considered the best indicator of Nutritional Status of an individual?
Arm Circumferences
Height
BMI
Weight
The nurse is counseling a client about the characteristics of good nutrition. One aspect of good nutrition is to recognize the difference between hunger and appetite. Which of the following statements would describe hunger? Select all that apply?
Hunger is the physiological need for food.
Hunger is a psychological need for food.
Hunger occurs when there is glucose that supplies the body with energy a decrease in blood
Hunger and appetite means the same things.
A patient is being assessed for a binge-eating-associated eating disorder. Which assessment question is directed towards collecting data on the most commonly abused substance among this patient population?
"How many packs of cigarettes do you smoke on a daily basis?"
"Do you rely on laxatives to control your bowel movements?"
"How much alcohol do you drink on a weekly basis?"
"Do you use amphetamines to help control your weight?"
Nurse Cynthia is caring for a client diagnosed with bulimia. The most appropriate initial goal for a client diagnosed with bulimia is to
Identify anxiety-causing situations.
Eat only three meals per day.
Avoid shopping for large amounts of food.
Control eating impulses.
A nurse is caring for a combative client who is ordered to have nutritional therapy using parenteral nutrition (PN). The nurse should plan which of the following measures to prevent the client from injury?
Monitor blood glucose twice a day.
Secure all connections in the parenteral system.
Measure 24-hour intake and output.
Instruct the relative to stay with the nurse.
Which of the following is the most common cause of osteomalacia?
Vitamin K deficiency.
Vitamin E deficiency.
Biotin deficiency.
Vitamin D deficiency.
Nurse Luz received a client for parenteral nutrition, and administered via the following routes except:
PEG tube.
Central Venous Catheter.
OPICC (Peripherally inserted central catheter) line.
Subclavian line.
A client is receiving nutrition via parenteral nutrition (PN). A nurse assesses the client for complications of the therapy and assesses the client for which of the following signs of hyperglycemia?
High-grade fever, chills, and decreased urination.
Thirst, blurred vision, and diuresis.
Coarse dry hair, weakness, and fatigue.
Fatigue, increased sweating, and heat intolerance.
A nurse is changing the central line dressing of a client receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) and notes that there are redness and drainage at the insertion site. The nurse next assesses which of the following?
Time of last dressing change.
Client's temperature.
Expiration date.
Allergy.
A nurse observes the client receiving fat emulsions is having hives. A nurse reviews the client's history and notes which of the following may cause about by the complaint of the client?
Allergy to an egg.
Allergy to peanuts.
Allergy to corn.
Allergy to shellfish.
Which of the following diets is used for patients recovering from surgery or healing serious wounds such as burns?
High- Protein Diet.
High- Potassium Diet.
Low Sodium Diet.
Low - Protein Diet
In this diet, food is chopped and blended into a thick paste.
Protein.
Nutrient.
Pureed Diet.
Soft Diet.
Which diet is ordered to lower blood pressure?
Low Sodium Diet.
Low - Protein Diet.
High-Potassium Diet.
High- Protein Diet.
Which of the following describes when an IV is threaded into the subclavian vein?
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC Line).
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Force Fluids or Encourage Fluids.
Parenteral Nutrition.
Which of the following are nutrients that do not provide calories but are needed for certain body functions?
Vitamins
Fats
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Which of the following diets is used for patients who have kidney or liver disease?
Low Protein Diet.
Full Liquid Diet.
High Potassium Diet.
High Protein Diet.
A surgical procedure in which a hole is made in the small intestine in order to insert a feeding is called which of the following?
Jejunostomy (J-Tube) placement.
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Percutaneous
Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG).
Nasogastric Tube (NG-Tube) placement.
A tube inserted into the stomach through the abdomen is called which of the following?
None of the above
Gastrostomy Tube (G-Tube).
Jejunostomy (J - Tube).
Nasogastric Tube (NG -Tube).
Which of the following provide energy and fiber for bowel elimination and break down into sugar when digested?
Carbohydrates.
Minerals
Proteins
Fats
Which of the following diets is ordered for heart disease or kidney patients to prevent the retention of fluid?
Soft Diet.
Low Protein Diet.
Low Sodium Diet.
High- Potassium Diet.
When all nutrition is given directly into the bloodstream usually through a central line, it is called which of the following?
Parenteral Nutrition
Enteral Nutrition
Intravenous Therapy (IV)
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Which of the following diets is used in the transition from a liquid to a regular diet?
Low Sodium
Solid
Soft Diet
Pureed Diet
All of the following are special diets that require a physician's order except:
Renal
Cardiac
Otic
Low Sodium
Which disease state dictates the need for a high protein, moderate carbohydrate, low fat, no sugar diet?
End Stage Renal Disease
Heart Disease
Cancer
Diabetes
Which of the following is included in a full liquid diet?
Pureed vegetable meat.
Pineapple juice with pulps.
Popsicles.
Mashed potato.
This is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg water to 1 degree Celsius?
Calorie
Metabolism
Joules
Basal Metabolic Rate
Which food is included in a BLAND DIET?
Sweet potato
Spinach in garlic
Creamed potato
Steamed broccoli
Which of the following is the BEST method in assessing for the correct placement of the NGT?
Instilling air in the NGT and listening for a gurgling sound at the epigastric area.
X-Ray
Aspirating gastric content to check if the content is acidic
Immerse the tip of the tube in water to check for bubbles.
To assess the adequacy of food intake, which of the following assessment parameters is best used?
3 day diet recall.
Eating style and habits.
Food likes and dislikes.
Regularity of meal times.
Which food group should you emphasize giving on a pregnant mother in the first trimester to prevent neural tube defects?
Organ meats, Green leafy vegetables, Liver, Eggs.
Butter, Sardines, Tuna, Salmon, Egg yolk.
Broccoli, Guava, Citrus fruits, Tomatoes.
Wheat germ, Vegetable Oil, soybeans, corn, peanuts.
Which one of the nutrients should be included in the maximum quantity of dietary intake of small children?
Carbohydrates.
Protein
Minerals.
Vitamins.
How many calories per day are required by breastfeeding women?
1000
2200
1800
2700
Which is not a clear liquid diet?
Hard candy
Coffee with Coffee mate.
Gelatin
Bouillon
An average adult Filipino requires how many calories in a day?
2,000 calories.
2,500 calories.
1,500 calories.
1,000 calories.
The best nursing diagnosis used by the nurse in planning for her teaching plan to the client during pre- conceptual phase would be:
Altered nutrition due to electrolyte imbalance.
Altered body fluids more than the body requirements.
Altered body nutrition less than the body requirements.
Altered body resistance less than body requirement.
During the exposure of the nursing students their health teaching is very important, for those mothers with 7 months old and above, such as:
Whole milk, mashed potatoes and gravy.
Human milk or infant formula exclusively.
Mostly baby foods like strained meats and a small amount of evaporated milk.
Primarily human milk or infant formula with gradual introduction of solid food such as cereals, fruits, and vegetables.
A client is receiving nutritional supplements to restore nutritional status. What does the nurse do to assess the effectiveness of the supplements for the client?
Keep accurate and precise food and fluid intake records daily.
Weekly assessed the client's skin for evidence (s) of breakdown.
Monitors vital signs every 4 hours and as needed.
Make certain the client is weighed daily at the same time.
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