Genetics and Molecular Biology Quiz

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Genetics and Molecular Biology Quiz

Test your knowledge on DNA, mutations, and gene structures with our engaging quiz! This quiz covers a variety of topics in genetics that are essential for both students and enthusiasts alike.

Learn about DNA isolation techniques
Understand the impact of different types of mutations
Discover RNA processing and its significance

25 Questions6 MinutesCreated by AnalyzingGene123

Which cells can be used for DNA isolation

White blood cells

Red blood cells

Epithelial cells of oral cavity

Hair roots

Which reagent should be used to precipitate DNA

Ice-cold ethanol

Ice-cold isopropanol

Ammonium acetate

Phenol-chloroform mixture

In the gene structure we can find

5´UTR and 3´UTR

Promoter

Exons – non-coding sequence

Exons – coding sequence

Mutations which are due to a single nucleotide change in the DNA and lead to the replacement of one amino acid in a protein by another are

Nonsense mutations

Silent mutation

Missense mutations

Single base pair substitutions

What kind of mutation is shown in the example: • Normal: CAG GTG ACC TCA GTG • Altered: CAG GTG AGG CCT CAG TG

Missense mutation, GG deletion

Frameshift mutation, changed sequence of the protein

GG insertion

Silent mutation, no change of the protein

Missense mutations

Are DNA alterations that usually cause a disease

Are changes in DNA sequence

Can be caused by deletion of 1 nucleotide

Can be caused by substitution of 3 nucleotides

Which of the following can lead to a loss of gene function

A missense mutation

A silent mutation

A deletion of the first exon of the gene

A sequence change in the intron

Processing of RNA includes

Addition to a 5´ end the Cap structure

Addition of a poly A tail at the 3´ end

Splicing is removal of exons and the joining together of the introns

Splicing is the removal of introns and the joining together of the exons

Takes place in cytoplasm

Insertion or deletion can cause in protein

Frameshift if deleted are two nucleotides

In-frame mutation if deleted are two nucleotides

Frameshift if inserted are three nucleotides

In-frame mutation if inserted is three nucleotides

Adding NaCl during DNA isolation causes

Removing membrane lipids

Removing proteins

Removing RNA

DNA dissolving

Mutations are

DNA alterations which do not damage protein function and structure

DNA alterations leading to protein inactivation and thus to a disease

Initiates the process of transcription

Changes to the nucleotides sequence of the genetic material of an organism

Replication

Takes place in nucleus before the cell division

Is a process of copying RNA

DNA helicase unwinds the DNA double helix

Requires RNA polymerase involvement

Mark the correct sequences

DNA contains sugar deoxyribose and base: A, T, G, C

DNA contains sugar deoxyribose and base: A, T, G, U

RNA contains sugar deoxyribose and base: A, T, G, C

RNA contains sugar ribose and base: A, G, U, C

Is it true that

Deletion of 200 000 nucleotides can be DNA polymorphism

Intronic 2bp substitution can lead to missense mutation

Nonsense mutation leads usually to protein truncation

3´UTR is usually located at the beginning of the last exon

Blood sample

Red blood cells at the bottom

Thin layer of leukocytes mixed with platelets in the middle

Blood plasma clear solution at the top layer

Red blood cells at the top

Blood plasma clear solution at the bottom

Choose the correct answer of replication process

DNA helicase unwind the DNA forming a structure called the replication fork

Primase is an enzyme that synthesizes short RNA sequences called primers

Okazaki fragments are created on leading – strand template

Replication starts from promotor TATA box

Which sentence of translation process is correct

UAG is start codon

Translation takes place in cytoplasm

TRNA is links with amino acid and recognize the appropriate mRNA codon

MRNA transfers genetic information from DNA to ribosomes

TATA BOX

Insertion or deletion can cause in protein

Frameshift if 2 nucleotides is deleted

In-frame mutation if deleted are 2 nucleotides

Frame-shift if inserted are 3 nucleotides

In-frame mutation if inserted are 3 nucleotides

Is it true that

DNA can be found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Eukaryotes are usually larger in size than prokaryotes

Organelles can only be found in eukaryotes

Prokaryotes don't have translation because they don't have a RER

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Genetics and Molecular Biology Quiz

Genetics and Molecular Biology Quiz

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