Navigation
Marine Navigation Quiz
Test your knowledge of marine navigation with this comprehensive quiz designed for aspiring sailors and seasoned navigators alike.
Questions cover a variety of topics, including:
- Chart reading
- Geographical coordinates
- Navigational instruments
- Operational procedures
What is the shortest distance betweeen two points?
Great circle
Rhumb line
Composite great circle
Direct line
When sailing along the shore the position according to the GPS must be checked with:
Visual observations
Visual and radar observations
The position of a second GPS
Buoys and marine markings
The vertices of the orthodrome are called:
The points of the orthodrome in which the maximum geografical latitude is reached
The points of the orthodrome in which it crosses the Equator
The points of the orthodrome in which a change in the course of the ship is present
Points of the orthodrome which have a 90° difference in length
Orthodromic correction(error) is called:
The difference in distance between two points on the orthodrome and the loxodrome
The difference between the loxodrome and the course of the ship in one point
The angle between the orthodrome and the meridian which passes through any given point of the orthodrome
The angle between the orthodrome and the loxodrome passing through one point
On a chart in the Mercator projection the loxodrome and the orthodrome are respectively presented as:
Two straight lines which differ from one another by direction by an angle equal to the loxodromic correction
A spiral and an arc of a cirlce
A straight and a broken line
A straight line and an arc of a circle
On charts in the gnomonic projection the orthodrome is presented as:
An arc of a circle
A spiral, directed at the pole
A straight line or an arc of a circle depending on the scale of the chart
A straight line
When sailing along the arc of the great circle, you cross the Equator in a point with λ=125°W. Theoretically it crosses the Equator once more in a point with λ=?
λ = 125°E
λ = 25°E
λ = 55°W
λ = 55°E
What types of charts are used in marine navigation when navigating a plot?
Gnomonic charts
Charts in the Mercator projection
Geographical charts
Charts published by the British Admiralty
What does the letter 'Т' mean after the number of the notice to mariners?
A constant notice
A preliminary notice
A notice accompanied by a tracing
A temporary notice
Where can you find the symbols and abbreviations used to correct the navigation charts?
In the ISM Code
In the cartography text-books
In the reference book of the chart publisher
In the pilots for the region
Who is appointed with the correction of the charts and publications?
The watchkeeping officer
Only the captain
The cadet
The navigational officer, relieved from other duties
Which charts and publications are mandatory to be corrected before the voyage?
All that are available on board
Those that are related to the region in which the ship is located
Only those which contain plans for the scheduled for vistit ports
Those related to the region of the scheduled voyage
Responsibility for the consequences from corrections in the navigational charts and nautical publications made by the coastal office carries:
The watchkeeping officer
The captain of the ship
The chief officer
The coastal office
The navigational charts are used:
Exclusively by the captain of the ship
By the crew of the ship
By the watchkeeping officers
By the authorized for the task people on board of the ship
What navigational charts is the ship equiped with?
With charts which provide the destination and the possible diversions
With charts for sailing all over the world
Ships of the same class are equiped with a certain set of charts, which the same for all
Ships sailing in a certain region are equiped with a set of charts , which is the same for all
The confirmation of the list of navigational charts and publication for the upcoming passage is made by:
The port captain of the company
The navigational officer, who holds the property
The chief officer of the ship
The captain of the ship
What is measured by a part of the meridian's arc in the Mercator projection?
The difference in latitude
The difference in longitude
The difference in the equatorial miles
The hour angle
The scale of a chart is: s = 1: 200 000. This means that:
1 cm of the chart is equal to 20 km
1 cm of the chart is equal to 200 km
1 cm of the chart is equal to 200 m
1 cm of the chart is equal to 2 km
What is the shape of the Earth?
Globe
Geoid
Spheroid
Rotatory ellipsoid
Geographical longitude λ is measured:
From 0˚ of the main meridian to 180˚ to the north or to the south
From 0˚ of the Equator to 90˚ to the east or to the west
From 0˚ of the Equator to 90˚ to the north and to the south
From 0˚ of the main meridian to 180˚ to the east or to the west
Geographical latitude φ is entered on the nautical chart:
On the vertical frame
On the horizontal frame
In the title of the chart
On the horizontal and the vertical frame
The geographical longitude λ is entered in the nautical chart:
On the vertical frame
In the title of the chart
On the horizontal frame
On the horizontal and the vertical fame
When navigating in reduced visibility and heavy traffic and your autopilot control is in auto mode:
We inform the captain and reduce the speed
We slow down and go into NFU mode on the autopilot
We inform the captain, reduce the speed and we sail in "auto" mode
We inform the captain, reduce the speed and go into manual mode
Prior to entering a heavy traffic area, the autopilot is checked for:
Its reliable operation in both left-handed and right-handed steering
On hand steering
Proper illumination of autopilot pointers
The adaptation of the autopilot repeater with the main gyrocompass
What shall be done before entering an area requiring special attention and maneuvering:
Check of the illumination of autopilot pointers
One steering gear is started
The reliable switch from automatic to manual control shall be checked
Two steering gears are started
When should the operational tests of the navigation equipment be made?
As often as possible
Regularly, when the ship is preparing to departure and entering a port
When problems are noticed
When the weather allows
When a navigational watchkeeping officer has to deviate from the passage plan, what should he do?
Make a record in the log
No special measures are required
To check new passage plan
Inform the captain
Can the watchkeeping officer on the bridge be an observer?
Only during the daylight when visibility, traffic, etc. Make it safe
No
Only in good visibility
Just during the daylight
When sailing near the shore the following are used:
Small-scale charts
Plans of the area
Gnomonic charts
Large-scale charts
Can the officer on watch also perform the duties of an observer?
No, never
No, he is not qualified
No, he can not leave the bridge
Yes, only if he is not directly involved in navigating by the compass
Can the OOW be alone on the bridge?
No, never
Yes, only during the daylight and in calm weather
Yes, only at night when the ship is on autopilot
Yes, always under the captain's instuctions
Could the OOW, after handing over the watch to the captain, leave the bridge?
Yes, he has no more duties on the bridge
No, his working hours are not over
No, he takes over the AB`s watch
Yes, only after the master's order
The work of VTS services includes the following main sections
Communication; control of passing ships; radar surveillance
Control of passing ships; Information Services ; messages about the navigational situation in the area
Traffic organization; Information Services ; messages about the navigational situation in the area
Radar surveillance; Information Services ; messages about the navigational situation in the area
Is VTS entitled to order a ship to sail outside the separation schemes specified by the IMO
No, they are mandatory
No, VTS only monitors the passing ships
Yes, if the ship moves at a speed lower than the speed of the shipping traffic in the area
Yes, if the ship is carrying a dangerous cargo on board
If the message received from VTS on VHF ends with the word "OVER", then:
The OOW is expected to switch to the 16-channel on duty
A response is expected from the OOW
No answer is expected from the OOW
Means that VTS has completed communication with this ship
What is the use of the so-called "Message Markers" by VTS
To define the channels to be reported by Vessels for entry into the VTS Operations Area
To highlight important VTS information that the ship will send
To note the separate sections of the ship-to-coast report
To improve VHF radio discipline and to avoid overloading of a VHF channel
The organization of VTS services is based on the following two main documents
SOLAS Chapter 2; IMO VTS Manual
IMO Resolution A.1072; IALA Guide for VTS
SOLAS Chapter 4; IACS Guide for VTS
IMO Resolution A.857; IALA Guide for VTS
The Ice Patrol Service system provides safer navigation in:
The North Atlantic
The Arctic Ocean
Northern Pacific Ocean
Around the shores of Antarctica
Which of these features does not relate to the characteristic of entering an ice region?
The presence of small pieces of ice
Increased refraction, allowing visual objects to be viewed far beyond the visible horizon
Lack of high sea in moderate to strong wind
Entering an area of heavy snowfall
The International Patrol Service according to SOLAS operates annually from:
February 15th to July 1st
January 15th to August 1st
February 1st to July 1st
January 1st to June 1st
Is the captain obliged to report to VTS about petroleum product pollution?
No, the VTS is not responsible for protecting the marine environment
Yes, in any case
Yes, but first consults with the DPA of the company
Yes, if the pollution is in the VTS operating area
IALA's recommendations state that some VTS services can also perform fun
Maritime surveys
Maritime training
Sea trials
Maritime security
The IMO divides the work procedures of VTS as follows:
In the 12 mile zone and outside the 12 mile zone of the coastal state
Internal and external; routine and emergency
Day and night; usual and emergency
VTS-IMO ; VTS-SHIP
VTS services interact with:
Ministry of Transport ; pilots; tugboats;
Pilots; civil associations; agency companies
Maritime trade union; tugs; agency companies
Pilots; tugs; agency companies
The training requirements and VTS work organization control are set out in:
IMO Resolution A.323
IALA Recommendation V-103
SOLAS Convention
IMO Resolution A.837
Every ship, before entering the VTS operating area, is required to:
Switch on its AIS
Give details about its agent
Declare its security level
Send pre-arrival information
After dropping anchor in the operative zone of VTS, the ship:
Must maintain VHF connection only with the piloting service
Is not required to maintain VHF connaction with VTS
Must maintain VHF connection with VTS
Must maintain VHF connection only with Port Control
The captain is required to send to the VTS:
Sailing Plan ; Position Report ; Final Report
Sailing Plan ; Alteration Report ; Position Report ; Arrival Report
Arrival Plan ; Deviation Report ; Position Report ; Departure Report
Sailing Plan ; Deviation Report ; Position Report ; Final Report
The organisation of traffic during port approach:
Is a function of VTS
Is not a function of VTS
Is regulated by the systems for traffic separation
Is regulated by the coast guard
The report system ship-coast is:
Mandatory
Voluntary
Only in emergency situations
Mandatory and voluntary
Must VTS trasmit hydro-meteorological information to the ships?
Yes, if there is a request from the ship owner or the agent
Yes, it is a part of the informating service of the ships
No, it is not necessary.
Yes, only during low visibility which could endanger the safety of the sailing
The main piece of equipment for the proper operating of VTS is:
Radar
ECDIS
VHF
AIS
At which frequencies does AIS work?
LF
MF
VHF
HF
For the safety of the staff working in VTS there are trainings conducted on:
Emergency plan
Alert plan
High risk plan
Contingency plan
Can the voyage plan be made on ECDIS?
Only if approved type of ENC's are used.
Yes
No
Only if it is approved by the ship owner.
You are sailing close to shore when you are informed that the machine has stopped. A few hours are needed to deal with the problem. What will you do?
You will call the chief engineer and warn him to hurry up.
You will determine how the ship drifts as fast as possible in order to determine if there is a danger.
You will raise an alarm on the ship.
You will call the company and ask for instructions.
The advance during circulation, the so-called “Advance”, is:
The distance between the initial and the reverse course
The maximal distancing of the ship in a direcrion opposite of the turn
The distance on the initial course from the point of the command for turn the rudder to the projected on it point of change in the course by 90°
The distance on the initial course from the point of the command for turn the rudder to the point of the visible turn of the bow from it
When the vessel runs aground the captain immediately
Announces General accident
Looks for help
Tells the cargo owner
Orders full measurements of the volumes and the depths
When colliding with another ship, first:
The seaworthiness of the ship is determined
A contract for rescue is signed
A connection with your ship owner is achieved
A connection with the other ship's owner is achieved
Emergency steering gear system must be known:
Only by the captain, the second and chief mates
Only by the mechanics
Only by the boatswain and the steersmen
By the whole comanding officers
According to the standards for manoeuvring (MSC137), a ship is able to stop during a manoeuvre “full astern”, if:
Sc > 15 L
Sc > 10 L
Sc = 10 L
Sc < 15 L
The tactical diametre of circulation is the distance after a turn:
Measured by the initial course from the deviation point of the rudder and the point of a turn at 90°
Between thr initial and the reverse course
Measured by the initial course to the point of maximum deviation of the ship from it
At 360° between the initial course and the new course
The ship's circulation during a turn is a curved line, which is described by:
The centre of the form of the ship's body
The gravity centre of the ship
The ship's stem
the centre of the ship's rotation, the so-called “Pivot point”
The circulation of the ship during a turn is a line formed by:
The centre of the form of the body:
Pivot point”
The gravity centre of the ship
The stem of the ship
When the pilot is on the bridge:
The Master`s responsibility for the ship is relieved
Relieves the watch mate of responsibility for the ship's safety
The authority and responsibility is destributed
Does not relieve the captain of the responsbility for controlling the ship
When sailing in ice the lowest risk for damaging the propeller is when:
The ship is sailing astern
Engine is stopped
The propeller is rotating at low RPMs
The propeller is with controllable pitch
The pilot card is filled in and signed by:
The captain of the ship and is given to the pilot after finishing the manoeuvre
The captain of the ship and is given to the agent
The pilot and is given to the captain for signiture and seal
The captain of the ship and is given to the pilot before the start of the manoeuvre
What is the height of the freeboard that required rigging combination pilot ladder?
Over 6 m.
Over 9 m.
Over 12 m.
Such trap is not performed
When anchoring, what is the English standard for how many shackles shall be dropped into the water?
Square root of the depth of the region multiplied by 1.5
The depth of the region divided by 27.5
Square root of the double depth of the region
Square root of the depth of the region
During preparation for free anchor drop, before the separation of the windlass it is required to prepare:
The screw stopper
the band stopper
The wedge stopper
The cable stopper
The system for washing the anchor chain is turned on during anchor dropping if:
The anchor chain is dirty
Always. That is the procedure.
It is not turned on during dropping
The ship carries flamable liquid cargo or gas
What is the limiting depth for anchor dropping?
50-60 metres
140-150 metres
100-110 metres
190-200 metres
After the anchor is at the bottom and is dropped 'under hydraulics (engaged)', what is the acceptable ship's speed astern?
Up to 1 knot
Up to 2 knots
Not more than 1.5 knots
Not more than 0.5 knots
Which statement is true for a ship dragging anchor?
The ship remains constantly heading against the wind
The anchor chain remains constantly under pressure
The ship receives a constant list to board opposite of the one from which the wind is blowing
The anchor chain strains and loosens periodically
If due to an emergency situation it is needed for the anchor and the whole anchor chain to be dropped in the sea with a marking buoy for their position, this operation is called:
Sighting anchor
Release anchor
Dropping anchor
Slipping anchor
Which of the following is used in the formula for "squat" calculation?
The deadweight of the ship
The slip of the ship
The height of the free board of the ship
The speed of the ship
During sailing in channels and narrow places, the"SQUAT" effect is:
The same as the one at open sea
Twice bigger than the one at open sea
More than two times bigger than the one at open sea
One-and-a-half times bigger than that at open sea
Which one of the following facts is taken into consideration in the process of UKC calculation when the water depth of the port entrance is similar to the ship's draught?
Wind - every 3 m/sec increase the draught by 0.1 by metres
Icing of the body - decreases the draught by 1/100 of the length of the ship
Current - increases the depth below the keel 1 cm per 1 knot current
Atmospheric pressure - 1 millibar decreases the level by 1 cm
When is Contingency Anchorage used?
When the ship approaches the port entrance and a main mechanism malfunctions
When the ship transports dangerois cargo on board
When a drill will be done according to Contingency Plan on the ship
When the ship approaches the port entrance and it is detoured for check from the sanitary authorities
What is the meaning of Abort Point when entering a port?
A moment when the voyage plan changes
A place after which the pilot gets on board and it is also a marking for the end of the voyage
A position in which we change the speed of sailing
A place after which the free manoeuvring cannot be executed
What is the meaning of the term "AIR DRAFT" when you are sailing in a channel
The height from the keel to the main deck
The height from the water line to the top of the highest antenna or mast
The height from the water line to the main deck
The height from the water line to the top of the bridge
During manoeuvres at port, what is done when the ship according to the voyage plan is in point "WHEEL-OVER"
The autopilot turns off
The rudder on board is given according to that which board must perform the turn of the ship
It is transferd to a regime of the autopilot "NFU"
The rudder is turned so that the ship is on its new course in the next turning point
If due to bad weather the release of a second anchor is needed, its chain length must be:
1 time the depth of the region
1,5 times the depth of the region
2 times the depth of the region
2,5 times the depth of the region
According to IMO standards, when the rudder deviates by 10 degrees, until the ship's course deviates by 10 degrees from the original, the ship must not have passed a distance greater than
2 ship lengths
3 ship lengths
3,5 ship lengths
2,5 ship lengths
The advance of the ship when going 'full speed astern' during 'Stopping Test' must be not more than:
10-15 ship lengths
5-10 ship lengths
15-20 ship lenghts
20-25 ship lenghts
Planning of the voyage is made and executed from:
The disembarkation of the pilot at the first port, to the embarkation of the pilot at the second port
The roads at the first port to the roads at the second port
Depending on the local rules
The pier at the first port to the pier at the second port
In the case of continuous navigation using a licensed pilot, the responsibility for navigational safety of the ship shall be:
To the OOW
To the hired pilot
In solidarity with the hired pilot and the captain of the ship
In solidarity with the hired pilot and the OOW
A Great Circle is:
A circle with diameter the same as the Earth`s, and which center aligns with the Earth`s center
The biggest circle
A circle which aligns with any parallel
An Arc of the Greenwich meridian
From which Line does the measuring of Longitudes start?
Magnetic North
True North
The Equator
Greenwich Meridian
In the case stranding, the master shall immediately:
Raises general alarm
Seeks help
Informs the cargo owner
Orders ti make full measure of the volumes and readings of the depths
The "Advance" during a circulation is?
The distance on the initial course line from the point of giving the comand to turn to the 90 degree course change point projected on it
The distance between the initial and the oposite course
The maximum diverge of the ship to the side opposite to the turn
The distance on the initial course line from the point of giving the comand to turn to the point of significant change of the heading
In a collision with another ship first:
A rescue contract is signed
A salvage contract is signed
The ship's owner of the other ship is contacted
Clarifies the seaworthiness of the ship
Information for the maneuvering characteristics of vessels over 100 meters in length and all tankers is contained:
Only at the poster on the bridge
In the pilot card, the bridge poster and maneuvering book of the ship
Only in the pilot card
In the stability information booklet
The Pilot card contains information about:
The maneuvering characteristics of the ship in shallow waters and port basins
Maneuvering characteristics of the ship at maximum draft
Maneuvering characteristics of the ship under ballast
Current maneuvering characteristics of the ship
The Pilot card is prepared:
One time in the beginning of the voyage
Only for pilotage through straits
Before every pilotage
Only for pilotage in internal water ways
The Wheelhouse poster on tanker`s bridges contains information for stopping:
Only under ballast
Only when with full cargo
Only with mean draft
Under ballast and with full cargo
15 degrees of latitude is equal to
600 miles
1200 miles
1500 miles
900 miles
A Mercator chart is a
Cylindrical projection
Simple conic projection
Polyconic projection
Rectangular projection
When anchoring, it is a common rule of thumb to use a length of chain
Seven to ten times the depth of water
Twice the depth of water
Five to seven times the depth of water
Twice the depth of water plus the range of tide
On a Mercator chart, 1 nautical mile is equal to:
1 minute of longitude
1 degree of longitude
1 degree of latitude
1 minute of latitude
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