Which pair illustrates zero derivation (conversion) in English?

bottle (n) â†' to bottle (v)

English Morphology Quiz - Free Word Formation Practice

This morphology test helps you check how English words are built from morphemes, roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Answer 15 quick questions, see your score instantly, and spot areas to review. For more practice, try the word formation quiz, the root word quiz, or the etymology quiz.

Understand Morphemes - Morphemes are the tiniest units of meaning in any language, like building blocks for words. In "unhappiness," you can spot three morphemes: "un-" (a prefix that flips the meaning), "happy" (the root), and "-ness" (a suffix that turns an adjective into a noun). Playing detective with morphemes helps you break down big words into bite-sized pieces!
Differentiate Free vs. Bound Morphemes - Free morphemes can stand alone as full words (think "book" or "sing"), while bound morphemes hitch a ride on other words (like "-s" in "books" or "re-" in "redo"). Spotting this difference gives you a secret superpower for word analysis. With practice, you'll instantly know which parts can dance solo and which need a partner!
Recognize Affixes - Affixes are like word accessories: prefixes attach at the start (e.g., "un-" in "unhappy") and suffixes clip on at the end (e.g., "-ness" in "happiness"). They tweak the meaning or part of speech of the root word. Collecting affixes expands your vocabulary collection with flair!
Distinguish Derivational vs. Inflectional Morphemes - Derivational morphemes change a word's meaning or its part of speech (like "happy" → "happiness"), while inflectional morphemes tweak grammar (tense, number, degree) without altering the core meaning (like "book" → "books"). It's the difference between transforming a word and simply dressing it up for grammar class!
Learn Allomorphs - Allomorphs are variant pronunciations of the same morpheme: the plural "-s" sounds like /s/ in "cats," /z/ in "dogs," and /ɪz/ in "buses," yet they all mean "more than one." Recognizing allomorphs fine-tunes your ear and writing skills. It's like spotting costume changes for the same actor!
Explore Compounding - Compounding fuses two or more free morphemes into a shiny new word, such as "notebook" (note + book) or "sunflower" (sun + flower). This trick lets you invent vivid terms on the fly. Your imagination is the limit when you start compounding!
Understand Infixation - Infixation is the rare art of slipping a morpheme into the middle of a word. English doesn't do it much, but in Tagalog "kain" (eat) becomes "kumain" (ate) by infixing "um." Discovering infixes shows you just how creative languages can get!
Recognize Zero Morphemes - A zero morpheme is invisible but powerful: it marks a grammatical change with no extra sound or letters. For instance, the plural of "sheep" stays "sheep," yet English grammar knows it's plural! It's the ghost of morphology, quietly working behind the scenes.
Study Morphological Trees - Morphological trees are diagrams that break words down into their morpheme roots and branches. They help you visualize how affixes and roots connect, making complex words less scary. Drawing these trees turns abstract concepts into clear, leafy trails!
Practice Identifying Morphemes - The best way to master morphology is hands-on practice: break "unbelievable" into "un-" (not), "believe" (trust), and "-able" (capable of). This skills-builds supercharge your vocabulary, reading comprehension, and even spelling. Grab any giant word and get dissecting!