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Quizzes > Science > Biology

Test Your 7th Grade Plant and Animal Cell Skills

Think you can spot what animal cells have all the following except? Take the cell structure quiz now!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art plant and animal cells on golden yellow background for seventh grade cell quiz with labeled organelles

This 7th grade plant and animal cell quiz helps you practice organelles and cell structure so you can spot how plant and animal cells differ. Answer quick questions on chloroplasts, cell walls, mitochondria, and more to check gaps before the next test. For extra practice, use the plant cell review or this mixed cells practice .

What is the basic unit of life?
Tissue
Organ
Cell
Atom
The cell is considered the fundamental unit of life because all living organisms are composed of one or more cells. Atoms are the building blocks of matter but are not alive. Tissues and organs are made up of cells, not the reverse. Learn more at .
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration, which provides energy for cellular activities. They are often referred to as the 'powerhouse' due to their role in energy conversion. Other organelles have different primary functions. For details see .
Which structure surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves?
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
Cell membrane
The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell. The cell wall is only found in plants, fungi, and bacteria and provides structural support. The nucleus stores DNA, and the cytoplasm holds organelles. More information at .
Which organelle contains genetic material (DNA)?
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Nucleus
Lysosome
The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and is the control center for cellular activities. Lysosomes digest waste, vacuoles store materials, and chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis. For more on nuclear function see .
What is present in plant cells but not in animal cells?
Flagella
Centriole
Lysosome
Cell wall
Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose that provides structure and support, which animal cells lack. Lysosomes and centrioles are typical in animal cells, and flagella are rare in most plant cells. See for details.
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Nucleus
Chloroplasts capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Mitochondria break down glucose for energy, while the nucleus stores genetic material. Ribosomes synthesize proteins. More at .
Which substance fills the cell and holds organelles in place?
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Cytoskeleton
Nucleoplasm
Cytoplasm is the gel-like material that fills a cell, suspending organelles and allowing molecular movement. The cytoskeleton provides structural support, nucleoplasm is inside the nucleus, and vacuoles store water and nutrients. Read more at .
What structure helps plant cells maintain shape and prevents excessive water uptake?
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Central vacuole
Lysosome
The central vacuole stores water and exerts turgor pressure against the cell wall, maintaining rigidity and preventing over-expansion. Lysosomes digest materials, the Golgi processes proteins, and mitochondria produce energy. More information at .
Which organelle is responsible for packaging and shipping proteins?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Ribosome
Proteins synthesized in the ER are modified, sorted, and packaged in the Golgi apparatus for transport. The ER produces proteins, lysosomes digest waste, and ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis. See for details.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is mainly associated with which process?
Photosynthesis
Lipid storage
Digestion of waste
Protein synthesis
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface that synthesize proteins destined for secretion or membranes. Lipid storage and detox occur in the smooth ER, digestion in lysosomes, and photosynthesis in chloroplasts. Learn more at .
How do plant cells differ from animal cells?
Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles.
Plant cells have centrioles and lysosomes.
Animal cells have a large central vacuole and plastids.
Animal cells have cell walls and chloroplasts but no vacuoles.
Plant cells possess cellulose cell walls, chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and a large central vacuole for water storage. Animal cells lack these features but have centrioles and lysosomes. For a full comparison see .
What small structure makes proteins?
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Ribosome
Flagellum
Ribosomes read mRNA sequences to assemble amino acids into proteins. Flagella are for movement, mitochondria generate energy, and chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis. Additional info at .
What is the function of lysosomes?
Protein synthesis
Breakdown waste materials and cellular debris
Energy production
Photosynthesis
Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest excess or worn-out cell parts, invading viruses, or bacteria. They are the cell's waste disposal system. See .
Which structure is the site of lipid production and detoxification?
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
The smooth ER synthesizes lipids, including steroids, and detoxifies chemicals and drugs in cells. The rough ER focuses on proteins, the Golgi modifies and sorts them, and mitochondria produce ATP. For more see .
Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Prokaryotes lack a true nucleus; their DNA is located in a nucleoid region. They do have ribosomes, plasma membranes, and cytoplasm. Learn more at .
What is the semi-fluid matrix inside the chloroplast called?
Stroma
Cytosol
Grana
Thylakoid
The stroma is the dense fluid within chloroplasts where the Calvin cycle reactions occur. Grana are stacks of thylakoids, thylakoids hold pigments, and cytosol is cytoplasm outside organelles. See .
During which process do chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy?
Photosynthesis
Glycolysis
Transpiration
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis uses light energy to produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water within chloroplasts. Cellular respiration and glycolysis break down glucose, and transpiration is water movement in plants. More at .
Which organelle contains enzymes for intracellular digestion?
Mitochondria
Peroxisome
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes hold hydrolytic enzymes that break down macromolecules, worn-out organelles, and pathogens inside the cell. Peroxisomes detoxify certain chemicals but do not digest large molecules. Read more at .
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
Structural support and cell movement
Genetic information storage
ATP production
Protein synthesis
The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that provides shape, support, and facilitates intracellular transport and cellular motion. It does not synthesize proteins or ATP. For more details see .
Which organelle has its own DNA and is believed to have originated from an endosymbiotic event?
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Nucleus
Mitochondria contain circular DNA similar to bacteria and are thought to have arisen from a symbiotic relationship with early eukaryotes. Chloroplasts also originated endosymbiotically but the question refers specifically to energy-producing organelles. See .
Which features are characteristic of both plant and animal cells?
Chloroplasts, cell wall, and plasmodesmata
Nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and ribosomes
Cell wall, chloroplasts, and vacuole
Centrioles, lysosomes, and cilia
Both plant and animal cells contain a nucleus, mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, and ribosomes. Features like cell walls, chloroplasts, and plasmodesmata are unique to plant cells, while centrioles are more common in animal cells. Read more at .
During cell division, microtubules form the spindle fibers that separate chromosomes. Which structure organizes these microtubules in animal cells?
Centriole
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Centriole pairs within the centrosome organize microtubules to form the mitotic spindle, ensuring correct chromosome separation. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins, the nucleolus makes ribosomes, and the ER handles protein and lipid synthesis. Details at .
In plant cells, photosynthesis occurs in different membrane-bound compartments. Which compartment houses the light-dependent reactions?
Stroma
Intermembrane space
Thylakoid membrane
Outer membrane
Light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes where chlorophyll absorbs light and generates ATP and NADPH. The stroma is the site of the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions). For more, see .
The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane. Which component gives fluidity to the membrane?
Carbohydrates
Copper ions
Cholesterol
Proteins
Cholesterol molecules intercalate between phospholipid tails, preventing tight packing and thus maintaining membrane fluidity across temperature ranges. Proteins and carbohydrates have other roles such as transport and recognition. More at .
Which transporter uses ATP to move ions against their concentration gradient?
Sodium-potassium pump
Facilitated diffusion carrier
Ion channel
Aquaporin
The sodium-potassium pump actively transports Na+ out and K+ into the cell against their gradients, using ATP as an energy source. Ion channels allow passive flow, and aquaporins facilitate water diffusion without ATP. See .
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Study Outcomes

  1. Identify Plant Cell Organelles -

    Learn to recognize and describe key components of 7th grade plant cell structure, including chloroplasts, cell walls, and vacuoles.

  2. Differentiate Cell Types -

    Analyze the distinct features of plant cells versus animal cells to confidently complete the plant cell quiz and animal cell quiz sections.

  3. Determine Excluded Animal Cell Features -

    Apply knowledge to pinpoint which structures are not present in animal cells when posed with "animal cells have all the following except" questions.

  4. Reinforce Cell Structure Knowledge -

    Use quiz feedback to strengthen your understanding of cell organelles and their functions in both plant and animal contexts.

  5. Enhance Test-Taking Skills -

    Develop strategies for approaching scored cell structure quizzes, improving accuracy and boosting confidence.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis -

    Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into chemical energy (glucose) (Khan Academy). Remember the equation 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₝₂O₆ + 6O₂. A handy mnemonic is "Sun, CO₂, H₂O → Sweet O₂."

  2. Cell Wall vs. Cell Membrane -

    Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose for structure, while both plant and animal cells share a flexible phospholipid bilayer membrane for selective permeability (University of California, Berkeley). Think "wall for plants, wrap for all" to recall which has the cell wall.

  3. Central Vacuole Function -

    A large central vacuole in plant cells stores water, nutrients, and waste to maintain turgor pressure and support cell rigidity (National Center for Biotechnology Information). Contrast this with multiple small vacuoles in animal cells to reinforce the "one big vs. many small" idea.

  4. Mitochondria: Cellular Powerhouse -

    Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration in both plant and animal cells, following the formula C₆H₝₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP (Nature Education). Recall "Mighty Mito" to remember where energy is produced.

  5. Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton Support -

    The cytoplasm houses organelles and the cytoskeleton provides structural support and enables movement (American Society for Cell Biology). Use the phrase "Cyto shape and flow" to link cell shape, intracellular transport, and movement.

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