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Quizzes > Health & Medicine

PTA Practice Test: Law, Ethics, and ADA

Quick, free PTA practice exam questions with instant results and explanations.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Armins KolsUpdated Aug 26, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration with quiz icons for PTA exam practice test law ethics ADA compliance on dark blue background

Use this PTA practice test to check your knowledge of law, ethics, and ADA standards with exam-style questions, instant scoring, and short explanations. Track what to review before test day, and compare with other healthcare quizzes like the physician assistant practice test and the free PTCB practice test, or explore legal thinking with a paralegal practice test.

Which federal law prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs receiving federal financial assistance?
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Americans with Disabilities Act
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits disability discrimination in federally funded programs under section 504. This act laid the groundwork for later disability rights laws, including the ADA. It ensures individuals with disabilities have equal access to services and benefits provided by federal agencies or recipients of federal funds.
Which title of the Americans with Disabilities Act addresses access requirements for state and local government services?
Title IV
Title II
Title III
Title I
Title II of the ADA requires that state and local government services are accessible to individuals with disabilities. It applies to all public entities including schools, transportation, and recreation. Title II mandates reasonable modifications and accessible programs without discrimination.
What is the primary role of a physical therapist assistant (PTA)?
Perform independent evaluations
Diagnose medical conditions
Implement treatment under PT supervision
Develop treatment plans
PTAs assist in implementing treatment plans developed by physical therapists. They carry out interventions under the supervision and direction of a PT. They are not authorized to diagnose or independently evaluate patients.
Which document outlines the legal scope of practice for PTAs within a state?
State Practice Act
PTA Code of Ethics
Federal Register
HIPAA Privacy Rule
Each state's Practice Act defines the scope of practice for PTs and PTAs. It establishes roles, responsibilities, and supervision requirements. The Practice Act is state-specific and often updated by state legislatures or licensing boards.
In most states, how often must PTAs renew their license?
Never
Biennially
Every five years
Annually
Most states require PTAs to renew licensure every two years (biennially). Renewal often involves obtaining continuing education credits. Check specific state board rules for exact requirements.
Which federal law protects the privacy of patients' health information?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Americans with Disabilities Act
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
Social Security Act
HIPAA establishes national standards to protect individuals' medical records and other personal health information. The Privacy Rule under HIPAA governs the use and disclosure of Protected Health Information (PHI). Compliance is mandatory for covered entities and their business associates.
What is informed consent in physical therapy practice?
Consent for treatment without details
A signed waiver of malpractice
A verbal agreement with no documentation
Permission given after explaining risks and benefits
Informed consent requires explaining treatment risks, benefits, and alternatives so the patient can make an educated decision. It must be documented in the patient's record. Consent can be written or verbal, depending on state laws.
Who enforces the Americans with Disabilities Act?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Department of Education
Department of Justice
The DOJ enforces Titles II and III of the ADA, ensuring public and private entities comply with disability access requirements. They investigate complaints, issue regulations, and can file lawsuits. CMS enforces ADA requirements related to Medicare and Medicaid.
Which of the following is a core value in the APTA Code of Ethics?
Autonomy
Charity
Fairness
Altruism
Altruism is listed as a core value in the APTA's Code of Ethics, emphasizing placing patients' interests above one's own. Other values include compassion, integrity, and social responsibility. Autonomy refers to respect for individuals' rights, but it's not listed as a separate core value.
A PTA should report suspected abuse under which ethical principle?
Confidentiality
Altruism
Nonmaleficence
Integrity
Integrity involves adhering to moral, legal, and ethical principles, including reporting abuse. PTAs must report if patient welfare is at risk. Confidentiality does not override the obligation to protect patients from harm.
Which act requires reasonable modifications to policies for individuals with disabilities in public accommodations?
Title II of the ADA
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
Title III of the ADA
Title I of the ADA
Title III of the ADA prohibits discrimination in public accommodations and requires reasonable modifications. This applies to businesses like clinics, hospitals, and schools. Section 504 applies to federally funded programs.
What does the term 'standard of care' refer to in physical therapy?
Patient satisfaction scores
Ideal patient outcomes
Accepted level of care by peers
Minimal legal requirements
Standard of care is the level and type of care an average qualified clinician would provide in similar circumstances. It is defined by professional guidelines, literature, and expert consensus. Failure to meet it can lead to claims of negligence.
Which act governs electronic transactions and identifiers for health information?
ADA
Rehabilitation Act
HITECH Act
HITECH Title II
Title II of the HITECH Act expands HIPAA requirements, including electronic health transactions and unique health identifiers. It also strengthens privacy and security protections. HITECH incentivized EHR adoption.
Under HIPAA, who is considered a covered entity?
A medical device manufacturer without PHI
A volunteer organization
A patient support group
A health insurance company
Covered entities include health plans, health care clearinghouses, and health care providers transmitting PHI electronically. A health insurance company meets the definition of a health plan. Volunteer groups are not covered unless handling PHI electronically.
Which type of supervision is generally required for PTAs?
No supervision
General supervision
Indirect supervision
Direct supervision
PTAs typically require direct supervision of a PT, meaning the PT is onsite and immediately available. Supervision levels vary by state practice acts. Indirect or general supervision may apply in some settings but direct is most common.
Which is a characteristic of ethical practice in physical therapy?
Following a physician's order without question
Maximizing billable services
Disclosing conflicts of interest
Prioritizing clinic revenues
Ethical practice involves transparency and disclosure of any conflicts of interest that may influence patient care. The APTA Code of Ethics requires PTAs to avoid and disclose conflicts. Prioritizing revenue over patient need breaches ethical principles.
Under Title III of the ADA, which of the following is required for newly constructed public accommodations?
Provision of auxiliary aids only on request
Removal of architectural barriers only when readily achievable
Full accessibility without exceptions
Limited access for staff areas
Newly constructed public accommodations must be fully accessible per the 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design. Readily achievable barrier removal applies to existing facilities, not new ones. Auxiliary aids relate to communication, but full structural accessibility is required.
Which section of HIPAA gives patients the right to access their medical records?
Security Rule
Portability Rule
Privacy Rule (45 CFR Part 160, 164)
Enforcement Rule
The HIPAA Privacy Rule (45 CFR Part 160 and 164) grants patients the right to inspect and obtain a copy of their PHI. The Security Rule addresses technical safeguards, while the Enforcement Rule covers penalties. 'Portability' is not a separate HIPAA rule.
What legal document must a facility have to use electronic PHI that complies with HIPAA?
Informed Consent
Business Associate Agreement
Advance Directive
License Colocation Agreement
A Business Associate Agreement (BAA) is required when a covered entity engages another party to handle PHI. It ensures compliance with HIPAA's privacy and security rules. Informed consent is separate and relates to treatment authorization.
Which federal regulation requires maintaining a Notice of Privacy Practices?
Civil Rights Act
HIPAA Privacy Rule
Rehabilitation Act
HITECH Act
HIPAA's Privacy Rule mandates covered entities provide a Notice of Privacy Practices to patients, outlining how PHI is used and patients' rights. It must be posted and distributed at first service. This requirement is separate from HITECH.
The term 'undue burden' in ADA Title III refers to:
Physically impossible modifications
Barriers that reduce property value
Significant difficulty or expense
All requested modifications
'Undue burden' means significant difficulty or expense relative to the entity's resources and operations. Modifications are required unless they impose undue burden. This term balances accessibility and practical constraints.
In the event of a HIPAA breach, within what timeframe must covered entities notify affected individuals?
One year
60 days
90 days
30 days
Covered entities must notify affected individuals of a breach of unsecured PHI without unreasonable delay and no later than 60 days after discovery. State laws cannot extend the deadline. Significant fines result from late notifications.
What is a key requirement for effective supervision under Medicare Part B for PTAs?
PTA must only bill under PT license
PT must be in the same building
PT must co-sign all notes
PT must provide direct supervision
Medicare Part B requires direct supervision of PTAs by PTs, meaning the PT must be immediately available onsite. Documentation co-signature is not explicitly required but recommended. Supervision levels are defined by Medicare regulations.
Which act expanded HIPAA's enforcement by increasing penalties for noncompliance?
Affordable Care Act
Emergency Medical Treatment Act
No Child Left Behind Act
HITECH Act
The HITECH Act increased civil and criminal penalties for HIPAA violations and introduced breach notification requirements. It also encouraged EHR adoption through incentive programs. HIPAA existed before HITECH but penalties were smaller.
Which principle dictates that PT services must not cause harm to patients?
Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
Justice
Veracity
Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle requiring practitioners to avoid harm. In PT practice, it involves careful treatment planning and risk management. Beneficence refers to promoting good, while veracity is truthfulness.
If a covered entity intends to use PHI for marketing purposes, what must they obtain from the patient?
No consent required
Implied consent
Oral consent documented
Written authorization
Marketing communications that constitute treatment of PHI generally require a signed written authorization from the patient. The HIPAA Privacy Rule defines specific criteria for marketing authorizations. Oral consent or implied consent is insufficient.
Under the ADA, when must auxiliary aids and services be provided in healthcare settings?
When insurance reimburses
Only for surgical procedures
When necessary for effective communication
Only upon patient request
Healthcare providers must ensure effective communication with individuals with disabilities by providing auxiliary aids and services unless it results in undue burden. This includes sign language interpreters, written materials, etc. It's not limited to surgical or upon request only.
What is protected health information (PHI) under HIPAA?
De-identified health statistics
Any personal data in a hospital's public directory
Aggregate billing data
Individually identifiable health information
PHI is individually identifiable health information transmitted or maintained by a covered entity. De-identified data and aggregate statistics without identifiers are not PHI. The key is the information can identify the individual.
Which of the following best describes 'substantial gainful activity' under Social Security rules relevant to PT aides?
Unpaid internships
Volunteer work
Engagement in any remunerative work
Work earning above a set monthly threshold
Substantial gainful activity (SGA) refers to work activity that earns more than a specified monthly amount (e.g., $1,310 in 2024). It's used to determine disability benefits eligibility. Volunteer work does not count.
Which act prohibits retaliation against employees who report violations of health and safety regulations?
Americans with Disabilities Act
Civil Rights Act
Fair Labor Standards Act
Occupational Safety and Health Act
The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) prohibits employers from retaliating against employees who report workplace safety violations. It ensures safe working conditions and whistleblower protections. Other acts cover different protections like discrimination.
Under Medicare, which documentation is required to support PTA services billed under a PT?
No documentation is needed
Plan of care and progress notes
Patient satisfaction survey
PT evaluation only
Medicare requires a written plan of care certified by a PT and periodic progress notes documenting PTA services. Documentation supports medical necessity and service delivery. Patient satisfaction surveys are not billing documentation.
A PTA emails a patient's PHI using an unsecured personal email account, resulting in a breach. What is the covered entity's obligation under HIPAA?
Notify only the state licensing board
Notify police but not patients
Notify affected individuals and HHS within 60 days
Destroy the email and take no further action
Unsecured PHI breaches require covered entities to notify affected individuals and HHS no later than 60 days after discovery. Notifications must include breach details and mitigation steps. State board notification is separate and insufficient.
According to the 2010 ADA Standards, what is the maximum allowable slope for a wheelchair ramp?
1:15
1:8
1:12
1:10
The ADA Standards specify a maximum ramp slope of 1:12, which means one inch of rise for every 12 inches of run. This ensures safe and manageable access for wheelchair users. Steeper slopes are noncompliant unless existing site constraints apply.
Which animals are recognized as service animals under the ADA for access in a PT clinic?
Dogs and miniature horses
Dogs and cats
Emotional support birds
Any domesticated animal
The ADA defines only dogs and miniature horses as service animals due to their trainability and reliability. Emotional support animals and other species are not covered. Public accommodations must permit these service animals.
A PT delegates dry needling to a PTA even though the state practice act prohibits it. What is the legal implication?
Acceptable under supervision
Requires only a physician order
Scope of practice violation
Covered by standard consent
Dry needling is not within most PTAs' scope of practice where prohibited by state law. Delegating prohibited tasks can result in licensure sanctions. Supervision does not override state regulations.
Which agreement allows PTAs to practice across participating compact states without additional licensure?
PTA Interstate Practice Act
Uniform State Compact
Physical Therapy Licensure Compact
National Licensure Reciprocity
The Physical Therapy Licensure Compact allows PT practitioners, including PTAs, to work in member states without obtaining additional licenses. Participants need a compact privilege to practice. It enhances mobility and telehealth options.
Under Title I of the ADA, an employer must provide which accommodation for a PTA with a disability?
Reasonable accommodation without undue hardship
Promotion without qualification
Unpaid leave indefinitely
No changes if others oppose
Title I requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for qualified employees with disabilities, unless it causes undue hardship. Accommodations can include modified schedules or equipment. Employers are not required to make changes that significantly disrupt operations.
Which federal law prohibits payment to induce referrals for designated health services under Medicare?
Anti-Kickback Statute
Hatch-Waxman Act
False Claims Act
Stark Law (Physician Self-Referral Law)
The Anti-Kickback Statute makes it a crime to knowingly pay or receive remuneration to induce referrals for services paid by federal healthcare programs. Stark Law addresses physician self-referral for certain services. False Claims Act prohibits fraudulent billing.
What is the maximum civil monetary penalty for a willful HIPAA violation?
$1,000,000 per incident
$100,000 per calendar year
$50,000 per violation
$250,000 per violation
Willful neglect violations of HIPAA can incur civil penalties up to $250,000 per violation, not to exceed $1.5 million per year for identical provisions. Lesser tiers have lower maximums. Criminal penalties are separate.
When federal law conflicts with state law on patient privacy, which prevails?
State law
Federal law
The more recent law
The more stringent law
Under the Supremacy Clause, federal HIPAA regulations preempt state laws, except when state laws are more protective of patient privacy. In conflicts, HIPAA still provides baseline protections. More stringent state laws complement HIPAA.
Which process supports a PT's ongoing professional development and is required by some state licensing boards?
Annual revenue audit
Outcome measurement
Periodic self-assessment and peer evaluation
Marketing plan analysis
Many licensing boards require ongoing competence programs including self-assessment and peer evaluation to ensure practitioners maintain skills. This supports high-quality patient care. Marketing and financial audits are unrelated.
Which step is part of a HIPAA risk assessment?
Identifying potential vulnerabilities to PHI
Analyzing clinical outcomes
Quantifying patient satisfaction
Reviewing billing codes
A HIPAA risk assessment involves identifying ePHI vulnerabilities, assessing potential risks, and implementing safeguards. It's required under the Security Rule. Patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes are not part of risk analysis.
When determining the cost of barrier removal under the ADA, which factor is considered?
The age of the building occupant
Market rent for the space
The architect's fees only
The cost in relation to the entity's overall budget
Undue burden analyses consider the cost of modifications relative to the entity's overall financial resources, including budget and operations. Building age or rent is not determinative. This ensures fairness and feasibility.
Which action is outside a PTA's scope under Medicare guidelines?
Reporting to the supervising PT
Conducting initial patient evaluations
Implementing selected interventions
Documenting progress under direction
Medicare prohibits PTAs from performing initial evaluations and establishing plans of care. These must be done by a licensed PT. PTAs may implement interventions and document progress under supervision.
A PTA refers a patient to a family-owned DME supply without disclosure. Which law might this violate?
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
Social Security Act
Stark Law (Physician Self-Referral Law)
Truth in Lending Act
The Stark Law prohibits self-referral by physicians (and entities) for designated health services to entities in which they have a financial interest. While PTAs are not physicians, this scenario suggests a prohibited referral. Disclosure does not eliminate liability.
Who typically holds the role of HIPAA Privacy Officer in a PT clinic?
An IT technician
A designated compliance officer
A patient advocate
The billing department only
The HIPAA Privacy Officer is usually a designated compliance officer responsible for HIPAA policies, training, and breach response. While IT may handle technical safeguards, privacy oversight is centralized. Billing staff handle claims but aren't privacy officers.
Which Supreme Court decision mandated community-based services for people with disabilities under the ADA?
Sullivan v. Zebley
Olmstead v. L.C.
Toys 'R' Us v. Silva
Alexander v. Choate
In Olmstead v. L.C. (1999), the Supreme Court held that unjustified segregation of persons with disabilities violates Title II of the ADA. It requires states to provide services in the most integrated setting appropriate. This decision reinforced community integration mandates.
Under the 2010 ADA Standards, what is the minimum clear floor space for a wheelchair to make a 180-degree turn?
72 inches diameter
84 inches diameter
60 inches diameter
48 inches diameter
The ADA Standards require a 60-inch diameter clear floor space for a wheelchair to complete a 180-degree turn. Alternatively, a T-shaped 36x60 inch space is allowed. This ensures maneuverability in confined areas.
Which change in the HIPAA Omnibus Rule made business associates directly liable for compliance?
Removal of Privacy Rule
Reduced breach reporting requirements
Inclusion of subcontractors under Business Associate definition
Exemption of research entities
The HIPAA Omnibus Rule of 2013 expanded the definition of business associates to include subcontractors handling PHI, making them directly liable for compliance. The rule also enhanced patient rights and enforcement. It did not remove the Privacy Rule.
Under the PT Licensure Compact, which condition must a PTA meet to practice telehealth in another member state?
Maintain primary residence in the state of telehealth practice
Obtain a compact privilege in the remote state
Register with the DEA in the remote state
Hold a federal telemedicine license
PTAs must hold a compact privilege in remote member states to practice telehealth. The compact privilege is authorized based on their home state license and good standing. There is no federal telehealth license.
A PTA faces a conflict between patient autonomy and risk of harm. According to ethical models, which approach best balances these principles?
Prioritize autonomy over all risks
Defer entirely to supervising PT's judgment
Apply a shared decision-making model
Follow clinic policy exclusively
A shared decision-making model involves both patient and clinician collaborating, respecting autonomy while ensuring safety. It integrates nonmaleficence by discussing risks and beneficence by recommending best practices. Deference or policy alone may ignore patient preferences.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Legal Principles -

    Master the key legal concepts covered in the pta exam practice test and physical therapy assistant practice test, including scope of practice and state-specific regulations.

  2. Identify Ethical Dilemmas -

    Recognize common ethical challenges faced by PTAs and apply decision-making frameworks when working through pta practice questions on ethics and professionalism.

  3. Interpret ADA Compliance -

    Comprehend ADA standards and implement accessibility protocols for patients with disabilities as presented in our physical therapist assistant practice exam questions.

  4. Analyze Patient Rights -

    Evaluate informed consent, confidentiality, and documentation best practices to uphold professional responsibilities in patient care.

  5. Apply Test-Taking Strategies -

    Develop effective techniques for improving accuracy and time management when tackling the pta practice exam free scored quiz.

  6. Evaluate Performance Feedback -

    Use immediate quiz results to pinpoint strengths and knowledge gaps, guiding a focused study plan for exam readiness.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Patient Privacy & HIPAA Compliance -

    Under HIPAA guidelines from the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, you must protect all PHI by safeguarding 18 specific identifiers, including names, addresses, and SSNs. Use the mnemonic "PHI = Personal Health Info" to recall that any patient-linked data requires protection. Expect pta exam practice test scenarios that probe breach notification procedures and patient authorization protocols.

  2. Informed Consent & Documentation Standards -

    Effective documentation follows the SOAP format (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) to ensure clarity and legal defensibility per APTA guidelines. Before treatment, obtain informed consent by explaining risks, benefits, and alternatives - then document patient questions and responses verbatim. These essentials often appear in pta practice questions, testing your ability to identify complete and compliant documentation.

  3. Scope of Practice & Supervision Requirements -

    The APTA defines direct vs general supervision, requiring a licensed PT to be physically present for direct supervision, while general supervision allows the PT to be off-site but immediately available. Remember "Direct in sight, general out of sight" to quickly distinguish when face-to-face oversight is mandatory. State physical therapist assistant practice exam items frequently assess these supervision rules.

  4. ADA Compliance & Accessibility Guidelines -

    ADA standards (per ADA.gov) mandate ramp slopes no steeper than 1:12 and doorways at least 32 inches wide to ensure accessibility. Use the rhyme "One by twelve keeps access alive" to lock in these dimensions for exam recall. Look for pta practice exam free questions on facility design, as accessible layout rules are a common law-and-ethics topic.

  5. State Jurisprudence & Licensing Regulations -

    Board rules - like those from the California Board of Physical Therapy - detail licensure renewal cycles, continuing education requirements, and grounds for discipline. Search official board websites or "Physical Therapy Board of California Jurisprudence Exam" guidelines to study exact statute language. These fine-grained state regulations are a frequent focus of pta exam practice test items, so review them thoroughly.

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