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Quizzes > Science

True or False Biology Questions: Test Your Science Knowledge

Quick biology true or false quiz to test your knowledge. Instant results.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Shambhu PuriUpdated Aug 26, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration for a True or False Biology Quiz on a dark blue background

Use this quiz to practice true or false biology questions and check your grasp of cells, genetics, and ecosystems. Work through fast statements, get instant results, and spot topics to review before class. If you want more, try our true or false quiz, explore an animal true or false quiz, or warm up with easy biology questions.

The cell is the basic unit of life.
False
True
Cells are considered the fundamental units of life because they encompass all the properties of living organisms, including metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Every organism is composed of one or more cells, which makes cells the smallest functional units of life. This concept was established by the cell theory formulated in the 19th century. .
Mitochondria are the "powerhouse" of the cell.
True
False
Mitochondria generate the majority of a cells supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation, earning them the nickname powerhouses of the cell. They have a double membrane and their own mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial function is essential for energy metabolism in almost all eukaryotic organisms. .
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
True
False
DNA is an acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid, reflecting its structure as a chain of deoxyribose sugars linked by phosphate groups with nucleotide bases. It carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms. The term was coined in the mid-20th century following the identification of its chemical components. .
Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis in chloroplasts.
True
False
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water within chloroplasts. Chlorophyll, the green pigment in chloroplasts, absorbs light to drive this reaction. This process is fundamental for life on Earth, supplying oxygen and organic compounds. .
Prokaryotic cells have a defined nucleus.
True
False
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; instead, their genetic material is located in a region called the nucleoid, which is not bound by a nuclear membrane. This distinction is one of the primary features separating prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) from eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler in structure. .
Osmosis is the movement of water from high concentration to low concentration.
True
False
Osmosis is the passive diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water (lower solute) concentration to an area of lower water (higher solute) concentration. This process continues until equilibrium is reached. Osmosis is vital for maintaining cell turgor and volume. .
Humans have six senses.
False
True
Classically, humans are recognized to have five primary senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. Although other senses like balance (vestibular sense) or temperature perception are considered additional, the traditional framework cites five. Thus stating humans have six senses is not conventionally accurate. .
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.
True
False
Enzymes are biological catalysts, typically proteins, that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. They lower the activation energy required for reactions and are crucial for metabolic processes. Each enzyme is specific to its substrates and functions under optimal conditions. .
The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of cell membranes.
True
False
The fluid mosaic model, proposed by Singer and Nicolson, depicts the cell membrane as a dynamic and fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins that can move laterally. Cholesterol and glycoproteins also contribute to membrane fluidity and function. This model explains membrane flexibility and selective permeability. .
All amphibians undergo complete metamorphosis similar to insects.
False
True
Amphibians undergo metamorphosis from larval stages (e.g., tadpoles) to adults but do not follow the same 'complete' metamorphosis stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult) seen in insects. Amphibian metamorphosis involves direct transformation without a pupal stage. This process includes physiological and morphological changes suited to terrestrial life. .
Mitosis results in four genetically identical daughter cells.
True
False
Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell, maintaining the same chromosome number. It is involved in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms. Meiosis, not mitosis, results in four daughter cells, which are genetically distinct. .
RNA contains the sugar deoxyribose.
False
True
RNA (ribonucleic acid) contains ribose sugar, whereas DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) contains deoxyribose. Ribose has a hydroxyl group on the 2' carbon that deoxyribose lacks, leading to differences in stability and function. These sugars are critical for the structure and chemical behavior of nucleic acids. .
The cerebrum is responsible for balance and coordination.
True
False
Balance and coordination are controlled by the cerebellum, not the cerebrum. The cerebrum handles higher cognitive functions like thinking, memory, and voluntary movement. Damage to the cerebellum often leads to ataxia and coordination problems. .
In humans, the normal body temperature is approximately 37C.
False
True
The average healthy human body temperature is approximately 37C (98.6F), although it can vary slightly between individuals and throughout the day. This regulation is maintained by homeostatic mechanisms in the hypothalamus. Significant deviations can indicate fever or hypothermia. .
In DNA, adenine pairs with guanine.
True
False
In the DNA double helix, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) via two hydrogen bonds, while cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G) via three hydrogen bonds. This complementary base pairing is essential for DNA replication fidelity. Adenine never pairs with guanine in stable DNA structures. .
The kidneys filter waste products from the blood.
True
False
The kidneys filter metabolic waste, excess salts, and water from the blood to form urine. Nephrons, the functional units of the kidney, include structures like the glomerulus for filtration and the tubules for reabsorption. This process maintains fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. .
In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, allele frequencies change over time in a population.
True
False
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a large, randomly mating population remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences. Changes in allele frequencies indicate that forces like selection, migration, mutation, or drift are at work. Thus, stable frequencies are the hallmark of equilibrium. .
Kinetic energy of molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
True
False
According to the kinetic molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (Kelvin scale). As temperature increases, molecular motion intensifies. This principle underlies processes such as diffusion and gas pressure. .
The loop of Henle in the nephron is mainly responsible for glucose reabsorption.
True
False
The loop of Henle primarily concentrates urine by creating an osmotic gradient that enables water and salt reabsorption. Glucose reabsorption occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule, not in the loop of Henle. Proper function of these segments is essential for homeostasis. .
Epistasis occurs when one gene masks the effect of another gene.
False
True
Epistasis is a genetic interaction where the allele of one gene can hide or modify the effect of alleles at another gene locus. It is a common phenomenon observed in complex traits and can alter expected Mendelian ratios. Understanding epistasis helps explain phenotypic variation. .
In glycolysis, the net production of ATP per glucose is four ATP molecules.
False
True
During glycolysis, each glucose molecule yields a gross production of four ATP molecules, but two ATP molecules are consumed in early steps, resulting in a net gain of two ATP molecules. Additionally, glycolysis produces two NADH molecules that can generate further ATP in aerobic conditions. .
The endosymbiotic theory explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
False
True
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells. Evidence includes their double membranes, circular DNA, and similarity to bacterial ribosomes. This theory is widely accepted to explain the evolution of eukaryotic cell organelles. .
Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes in the bone marrow.
False
True
B lymphocytes, which mature in the bone marrow, differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies. These immunoglobulin proteins specifically recognize and bind to antigens, neutralizing pathogens. This adaptive immune response provides targeted defense and immunological memory. .
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 for genotype frequencies.
False
True
The Hardy-Weinberg equation, p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1, describes the expected genotype frequencies in a population under equilibrium conditions, where p and q are the frequencies of two alleles. It assumes no evolutionary forces such as mutation or selection are acting. Deviations indicate that the population is evolving. .
The formation of peptide bonds during translation releases a molecule of water.
True
False
During translation, amino acids are linked by peptide bonds in a dehydration synthesis reaction, which involves the removal of a water molecule. The carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another, releasing water and forming a covalent bond. This reaction is catalyzed by the ribosome in the growing polypeptide chain. .
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Core Biology Concepts -

    Assess true or false biology questions by explaining fundamental ideas in cell biology, genetics, and ecology.

  2. Differentiate Fact from Misconception -

    Identify accurate scientific statements within biology true or false questions and discern them from common misconceptions.

  3. Apply Critical Thinking Skills -

    Approach true or false science questions methodically, using evidence-based reasoning to support your answers.

  4. Analyze Statement Validity -

    Break down biology assertions in true or false biology questions to evaluate their truthfulness and underlying evidence.

  5. Recall Key Biology Terminology -

    Reinforce essential scientific vocabulary when interpreting and responding to true or false biology questions.

  6. Build Confidence for Assessments -

    Enhance your readiness for quizzes and exams by practicing with a diverse set of biology true or false questions.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Cell Theory Fundamentals -

    All living organisms are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and new cells come only from existing cells (Campbell Biology, 11th Ed.). Remember that viruses aren't considered cells since they can't reproduce independently, a common trap in biology true or false questions. A quick mnemonic - "Organisms, Units, Origins" - can help you recall the three core tenets.

  2. DNA Structure & Base Pairing -

    DNA's double helix is held together by specific hydrogen bonds: adenine with thymine (2 bonds) and guanine with cytosine (3 bonds) (Nature Education). Use the phrase "Apples in the Tree, Cars in the Garage" to remember A - T and C - G pairing. Mastering this helps you breeze through true or false science questions on genetic replication and mutation.

  3. Photosynthesis Overview -

    Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts through light-dependent reactions (producing ATP and NADPH) and the Calvin cycle (fixing CO₂ into glucose) (Khan Academy). A handy tip: "Light Loves ATP, Calvin Crafts Sugar" to separate the stages. Understanding this process prevents confusion in true or false biology questions about energy conversion in plants.

  4. Hardy - Weinberg Equilibrium -

    In a non-evolving population, allele and genotype frequencies remain constant, expressed by p² + 2pq + q² = 1 (University-level genetics texts). Remember "Please Pass Quietly" for p, q frequencies and their squared terms. This formula is a staple in biology true or false questions on population genetics.

  5. Osmosis vs. Diffusion -

    Diffusion is the passive movement of any molecule from high to low concentration, while osmosis specifically involves water across a semipermeable membrane (Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry). Think "D for Any, O for Only Water" to distinguish them quickly. Clear differentiation is crucial for answering true or false science questions on transport mechanisms.

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