Histology 3B

A detailed illustration of the histological structure of the digestive system, showcasing different cell types and gland locations in the stomach and intestines, vibrant colors, educational focus

Histology Mastery Quiz

Test your knowledge on histology with this comprehensive quiz designed for students and enthusiasts alike. Covering various aspects of histological structure and function, this quiz is a fantastic way to reinforce your learning.

Topics include:

Cell types in the digestive system
Functions of different glands
Comparative anatomy of the stomach and intestines
Histological features of the large intestine

65 Questions16 MinutesCreated by StudyingCells27

Glands of the stomach:

Pyloric and cardia glands secrete mucous

Parietal cells are ion-pumping cells

Chief cells contains granules with pepsin

Match: cells - function

Goblet cells - mucous production

Enteroendocrine cells - hormone production

Enterocytes - production and exocytosis of chylomicrons

Paneth cells - defensins production

Enteroendocrine cells - mucous production

Goblet cells - hormone production

Enterocytes:

Their apical cell membrane forms a brush border

Are the epithelial cells of the intestine

Are involved in lipid absorption

Accumulate many small lipid droplets in vesicles of their SER

What is true about the mucosa?

Compromise a lamina propria

Is often called the mucous membrane

Contains MALT elements

Serosa of the organs in the digestive system:

Cardia of stomach:

Is found at the transitions between the esophagus and body of the stomach

Is found in the pyloric sphincter area

Is located between the pyloric canal and duodenum

Is the first major region of the stomach

Is the first major region of the intestine

Meissners plexus:

Is located in the submucosa of the small intestine, stomach, esophagus and large intestine

Is located between circular muscles and mucosa

Bunners glands:

Have a excretory duct system

Produce alkaline mucous

Are also called duodenal glands

Are located in the submucosa of the duodenum

Secrete alkaline mucous

Lubricate the intestinal walls

Also secrete epidermal growth factors, which inhibits parietal and cheaf cells of the stomach from secreting acid

Peyers patches:

Are found in the small intestine

Contain aggregations of lymphoid tissue

Are specific neuronal modifications between two layers of muscles in the intestines

Are components of GALT

Are located within epithelium of small intestine

Large intestine:

The main function is absorption of water

Contains numerous and well developed crypts of Liberkuhn

Contains a large number of goblet cells in their surface epithelium

Has finger-shaped villi

Contains DNES cells

Has long intestinal glands

Contains a large number of parietal cells

Which of the following statements concerning the stomach is correct?

Submucosa contains Brunners glands

Parietal cells produce gastric intrinsic factors

The surface epithelium contains goblet cells

Pylorus is a region at the gastroesophageal junction

Paneth cells:

Secrete pepsinogen

Are located at the base of gastric glands

Secrete lysozymes

Are stem cells located in the intestinal glands

Are antigen-presenting cells of the intestinal epithelium

Chief cells of the stomach:

Are found in the pyloric glands

Produce and release HCl

Granules in their cytoplasm contains pepsinogen

Produce and secrete intrinsic factors

Produce and secrete gastrin

What is true regarding the large intestine?

Is a site of absorption of water and formation of the fecal mass

The mucosa contains long intestinal villi

The intestinal glands contain numerous goblet cells

There are mucous secreting glands in the submucosa

There are no enteroendocrine cells in the glands of the large intestine

What is true regarding the stomach?

The surface epithelium contains goblet cells

Parietal cells produce gastric intrinsic factor

Chief cells produce HCl

Submucosa contains brunners glands

Pylorus is a region at the gastroesophageal junction

Chief cells of the stomach:

Found in cardiac glands

Produce and release HCl

Granules in their cytoplasm contain pepsinogen

Produce and secrete intrinsic factor

Produce and secrete gastrin

Produce and secrete gastric lipase

Pylorus:

Is located between the esophagus fundus body of stomach

Has deep gastric pits

The main component are chief cells

Pyloric glands mucin

Which cells are present in the crypts of the small intestine?

Chief cells

Enteroendocrine cells

Goblet cells

Stem cells

What is true about the large intestine?

It is the site of absorption of water and formation of fecal mass

The mucosa contains intestinal villi

The intestinal glands contains numerous goblet cells

There are mucous secreting glands in the mucosa

There are no enteroendocrine cells in the glands

Small intestine:

Regenerative stem cells are located in crypts of Liberkuhn

Within the epithelium of f-glands goblet cells are present

Muscularis externa is composed of smooth muscle

Contains intestinal glands in lamina propria

Jejunum contains mucous secreting glands in submucosa

Brunner glands are located within the submucosa of the duodenum

Villus is covered by enterocytes with microvilli

Only ileum contains glands in its submucosa

Small intestine:

Intestinal glands have paneth cells

Villus core continues in the submucosa

Microfold cells are APC

Includes the duodenum, jejunum and ileum

Villi is present in each of its part

Surface epithelium contains goblet cells, m-cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes

Lymphatic nodules are present in the mucosa

Is made by simple columnar epithelium

Large intestine:

Has numerous villi

There are no intestinal glands in its lamina propria

Lamina propria is rich in lymphoid tissue

Main function is water absorption, mucous production and formation of fecal mass

Is the site for final digestion and nutrient absorption

Surface epithelium contains more absorptive cells than goblet cells

Crypts are well developed

There is no GALT elements

Stomach:

Mucosa and submucosa forms rugae

Gastric glands occupy both mucosa and submucosa

Pyloric part has no glands

Muscularis layer is composed of smooth muscle cells

Surface epithelium secretes HCl

Serosa:

Is lined by simple columnar epithelium

Innermost layer of intestinal wall

Is engaged with villi formation

Contains glands in the esopagus

Is covered by mesothelium

Urogastron:

Is produced by brunners glands

Is released through the endocrine pathway

Is produced mainly in the stomach

Inhibits HCl production

Increases HCl production

Appendix:

Contains long villi

Its mucosa is lined by simple squamous epithelium

Is characterized by reduction of crypts

Consists of large numbers of nodules

Muscularis externa is very thick

Match: cells - function

Goblet cells - absorption of nutrients

Chief cells - production of pepsinogen

Paneth cells - secretion of lysosomes and TNF alpha

Parietal cells - secretion of H+ and Cl-

Enterocytes - renewal of epithelium

Gastric intrinsic factor:

Is produced by parietal cells

Increases HCl production

Forms a complex with vitamin H12

Is produced by submucosal glands of the small intestine

Is produced by brunners glands

Enterocytes:

Their apical cell membrane forms a brush border

Are the epithelial cells of the intestine

Accumulate many small lipid droplets in vesicles of their SER

Can be found in the whole digestive tract

Produce immunoglobulins

Their brush border is formed by microvilli

They exocytose the chylomicrons at the basolateral part of their cell membrane

What is true about the gastric glands?

Chief cells secrete pepsinogen

Chief cells secrete gastric lipase

Parietal cells produce gastric intrinsic factors

Parietal cell cytoplasm is strongly eosinophilic

Pyloric region of stomach has deeper gastric parts than the fundic part

Submucosa contains brunners glands

Wall of the stomach forms villi

Serosa of the digestive system:

Which statements are true?

Rugae is found in the stomach

G-cells can be found in the epithelium of the colon

The function of crypts include regeneration and renewal of lining epithelium

What is true regarding the small intestine?

Surface epithelium does not contain goblet cells

Villus is covered by enterocytes with microvilli

Regenerative stem cells are located in crypts of Lieberkuhn

What is true regarding brunner glands?

Secrete mucous to neutralize chyme from the stomach

Produce alkaline mucous

Can be found in the submucosa of the duodenum

Contains enterocytes

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Histology 3B

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