Cell Biology Understanding Quiz

A vibrant illustrated diagram of a cell, showcasing various organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and lysosomes with labels and arrows indicating their fun<wbr>ctions.

Cell Biology Understanding Quiz

Test your knowledge on the intricate processes and structures of cell biology with this engaging quiz. Dive deep into topics like autophagy, endocytosis, and the complexity of cellular components.

You'll be challenged with 22 multiple-choice questions designed to assess your understanding of key concepts in cell biology. Prepare for questions that cover:

Intracellular processes
Protein synthesis and regulation
Cellular structures and functions
Genetic mechanisms

22 Questions6 MinutesCreated by AnalyzingCell1

Choose the right answer: The process of autophagy requires that:

The endocytotic pathway of pinocytosis is activated on the plasma membrane

A phagosome is formed at the plasma membrane

Intracellular particles are isolated from the cytoplasmic matrix by endoplasmic reticulum membranes

A receptor-mediated endocytosis forms late endosomes compartments

Choose the wrong answer: Interference RNAs

Are used in the lab to ‘knock down’ the products of genes that are being studied

Can be processed to form mRNA

Could be used in the clinic to reduce the production of proteins that are not functioning properly

If it is endogenous, may be a target to be detected through the use of. Tissue- specific aptamer

Choose the wrong answer: This is a type of endocytosis

Pinocytosis

Clatrin-dependent endocytosis

Phagocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Choose the right answer: Early endosomes

Are often positioned near the Golgi apparatus and the nucleus

Have a pH of 5.5

Interact with plasma membranes in vesicle formation during pinocytosis

Sort internalized proteins through localized changes is pH

Both recycled

Ligand recycled, receptor degraded

Both transported through the cell

Both degraded

Choose the wrong answer: MicroRNA

Is produced in the nucleus and exposed in the cytoplasm a double-stranded micro-RNA

Combines to the RISC protein to form the RNA induced shut-up complex

Binds to DICE, an endonuclease protein that cuts microRNA in a shorter segment

Targets mRNA and interferes with protein synthesis

Choose the right answer: The primary transcript of RNA

Is synthesized using the mRNA sequence as template

Looses regions of sequence that do not code for the protein, the exons

Is processes to from mRNA

Combines its nucleosides with nucleotides on tRNA

Choose the right answer: Glycogen granules

Are formed by highly branched polymer used as a storage of glycolipids

Are iron-storage complexes formed by the indigestible residues of hemoglobin

Are particularly evident in liver a striated muscle cells

Provide thermogenesis for cellular metabolism

Choose the wrong answer: Lipofuscin

Is a brownish- gold pigment visible in hematoxylin and cosin preparation

Accumulate within the cells as a result of oxidative degradation of … and lysosomal digestion

Accumulates in macrophages after digestion of bacteria, foreign particles, cells

Formed as consequence of leakage of blood in the skin

Choose the wrong answer: Actin Filaments

Are thinner, shorter and more flexible than microtubules

Polymerize in the presence of K+, Ca2+, and ATP

Assemble by polymerization into linear helical array

Interact with actin-binding proteins, which can prevent or enhance polymerization

Choose the wrong answer: Patients affected by Primary ciliary dyskinesia

Have genetic defect affecting dynein arms

Accumulate secretion in the respiratory system

May have congenital heart disease

Are infertile only if they are males

Choose the right answer: Polymerization of microtubules requires that:

The ß-molecule of one dimer bound to the molecule of the next dimer on the minus (-) END

Dimers link them into a linear structure, which contain 13 actin dimers within its cross section

The minus (-) end of the microtubule contains a ring of γ- tubulin, which is necessary for microtubule nucleation

Incorporated tubulin dimers hydrolyze ATP

Choose the right answer: The motor proteins associated with microtubules

Always move along the microtubules toward the minus end of the tubule

Use energy from GTP hydrolysis

Belong to the family of gelsolin proteins

Use energy from ATP hydrolysis

Choose the wrong answer: The microtubules polymeric structure

Is a non-branching and rigid hallow tube

Grows from the microtubule-organizing center located near the nucleus

Is composed of equal parts of α- tubulin and β-tubulin

Is formed a consequence of the local concentration of G-tubulin

Choose the wrong answer: The Proteasome

Is an ATP-dependent protease complex

Is used by cell to destroy abnormal proteins that are misfolded, denaturated, or contain abnormal amino acids

Is used by cells to destroy normal short-lived regulatory proteins such as tumor suppressors or tumor promoters

Contains lysobisphosphatidic acid that is resistant to the hydrolytic digestion

Choose the wrong answer: Methods to replace the missing enzymes that cause various forms of LSD

Enzyme-replacement therapy

Transplantation of bone marrow containing normal genes

Pharmacological chaperone therapy

Transfusion of blood containing normal lysosomes

Choose the wrong answer: Lysosomes membrane contains

Cholesterol and lysobisposphoric acid

Lysosome membrane glycoproteins

Lysosome-associated membrane proteins

Lysosomal integral membrane proteins

Choose the wrong answer: The nuclear pores

Are eight multidomain protein subunits arranged in a cylinder-like structure

Regulate a monodirectional transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Are composed of about 50 different nucleoporins

Are crossed by molecules driven by importin and exportin proteins

Choose the wrong answer: The Nucleolus

Is a non-membranous region of the nucleus

Has a fibrillar center, a pars fibrosa and a pars granulosa

Contains transcriptionally active mRNA

Represents the site of initial ribosomal assembly

Choose the right answer: The Nuclear Envelope

It’s inner surface is called the nuclear porins

Has perinuclear cisternal space that communicates with the cisternal space of the rER

Is an impermeable membranous barrier between the nuclear compartment and the cytoplasm

Is perforated by nuclear proton pumps that mediate the active transport of sugar molecules

Choose the right answer: The Nucleosomes

Are found in both euchromatin and heterochromatin

Have a core formed by nine histone molecules

Are prominent in metabolically active cells such s neurons and liver cells

Shorten the DNA molecule by 2-fold than unfolded DNA

Choose the wrong answer: The Chromatin

Consists of DNA and structural proteins

Has phosphate groups responsible for it’s characteristic acidophillia

Is formed by heterochromatin and euchromatin

Can be folded to form chromosomes

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