MCQs of Sedation
Understanding Anxiolytics and Sedation
Test your knowledge on anxiolytics and sedation with our comprehensive quiz designed for healthcare professionals and students alike. This quiz spans a variety of important topics including the use, mechanisms, and classifications of anxiolytic medications.
- 121 thought-provoking questions
- Multiple choice format
- Ideal for exam preparation or self-assessment
1. Anxiolytics are used to treat:
Neurosis
Psychosis
Narcolepsy
Bipolar disorders
2. Anxiolytic agents should:
Produce drowsiness, encourage the onset and maintenance of a state of sleep
Relieve pain
Reduce anxiety and exert a calming effect
Improve mood and behavior in patient with psychotic symptoms
3. Anxiolytics are also useful for:
All are corrected
Treatment of epilepsy and seizures
Insomnia
Muscle relaxation in specific neuromuscular disorders
4. Indicate the agents of choice in the treatment of most anxiety states:
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Lithium salts
Phenothiazines
5. The choice of benzodiazepines for anxiety is based on:
All are corrected
A relatively high therapeutic index
Availability of flumazenil for treatment of overdose
A low risk of physiologic dependence
6. Which of the following anxiolitics is a benzodiazepine derivative:
Buspirone
Chloral hydrate
Clordiazepoxide
Meprobamate
7. Indicate the benzodiazepine, which has the shortest elimination half-life:
Quazepam
Triazolam
Diazepam
Clorazepate
8. Which of the following benzodiazepines has the shortest duration of action?
σ Triazolam
Clorazepate
σ Prazepam
Clordiazepoxide
9. Which of the following benzodiazepines is less likely to cause cumulative and residual effects with multiple doses?
σ Clorazepate
Quazepam
σ Lorazepam
σ Prazepam
10. Anxiolytic dosage reduction is recommended:
σ All are corrected
σ In patients taking cimetidine
In elderly patients
σ In patients with hepatic dysfunction
11. Which of the following benzodiazepines is preferred for elderly patients?
Clorazepate
σ Clordiazepoxide
Prazepam
σ Triazolam
12. Which of the following anxiolytics is preferred in patient with limited hepatic function?
σ Buspirone
σ Quazepam
σ Diazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
13. Indicate the mechanism of hypnotic benzodiazepine action:
σ Increasing the duration of the GABA-gated Cl-channel openings
σ Directly activating the chloride channels
σ All are corrected
σ Increasing the frequency of Cl-channel opening events
14. Which of the following anxiolytics is a partial agonist of brain 5-HT1A receptors?
σ Buspirone
σ Alprozolam
σ Chlorazepat
σ Lorazepam
15. Indicate the competitive antagonist of benzodiazepine receptors:
σ Flumazenil
Diazepam
Picrotoxin
σ Buspirone
16. Indicate the agent, which interferes with GABA binding:
σ Chlordiazepoxide
σ Thiopental
σ Bicuculline
σ Picrotoxin
17. Antianxiety agents have:
All are corrected
σ Sedative and hypnotic activity
σ Muscle relaxing and anticonvulsant effects
σ Amnesic properties
18. Which of the following disadvantages does not limit using benzodiazepines as antianxiety agents?
The formation of active metabolites
σ Tendency to develop psychologic dependence
σ A high risk of drug interactions based on liver enzyme induction
σ Synergic CNS depression with concomitant use of other drugs
19. Indicate the anxiolitic agent, which relieves anxiety without causing marked sedative effects:
σ Diazepam
σ Clorazepate
σ Buspirone
Chlordiazepoxid
20. Which of the following anxiolytics has minimal abuse liability?
σ Flumazenil
σ Oxazepam
σ Buspirone
σ Alprazolam
21. In contrast to benzodiazepines, buspirone:
σ Has more marked hypnotic, anticonvulsant, or muscle relaxant properties
σ Interact directly with gabaergic system
σ Causes less psychomotor impairment and does not affect driving skills
σ Has maximal abuse liability
22. Which of the following sedative-hypnotic drugs does not potentiate the CNS depressant effects of ethanol, phenothiazines, or tricyclic antidepressants?
σ Buspirone
σ Chloralhydrate
σ Diazepam
σ Phenobarbital
23. Limitation of buspirone is:
Impairment of mentation or motor functions during working hours
σ A low therapeutic index
σ An extremely slow onset of action
σ A high potential of development of physical dependence
24. Which drugs may be used as antianxiety agents? BETA-blocking drugs Clonidine - a partial agonist of alfa2 receptors Tricyclic antidepressants All are corrected
All are corrected
σ BETA-blocking drugs
σ Clonidine - a partial agonist of alfa2 receptors
σ Tricyclic antidepressants
25. Which of the following benzodiazepines is more likely to cause “hangover” effects such as drowsiness, dysphoria, and mental or motor depression the following day?
σ Oxazepam
σ Lorazepam
σ Clorazepat
σ Triazolam
26. Additive CNS depression can be predicted if benzodiazepines are used with:
All are corrected
σ Ethanol
σ Morphine
σ Clorpromazine
27. Which dosage of benzodiazepines for 60-90 days may produce severe withdrawal symptoms?
σ 50-60 mg/d
σ Less than 400 mg/d
σ More than 800 mg/d
σ Less than 40 mg/d
28. Restlessness, anxiety, orthostatic hypotension, generalized seizures, severe tremor, vivid hallucination, and psychosis are possible symptoms of:
σ None of all
σ Tolerance
σ Withdrawal
σ Drug interactions between barbiturate and diazepam
29. Flumazenil is used to:
All are corrected
σ Reverse the CNS depressant effects of hypnotic benzodiazepines overdose
σ Hasten recovery following use of hypnotic benzodiazepines in anesthetic and diagnostic procedure
σ Reverse benzodiazepine-induced respiratory depression
30. Flumazenil given intravenously:
Has duration of action longer than 6 hours
σ Has intermediate onset and duration of action about 2 hours
σ Acts rapidly but has a short half-life
σ Has an effect lasting 3-5 hours
31. All are true about Minimal sedation, except
Unaffected cardiovascular function
σ Normal response to normal stimulation
σ Possibly impaired cognitive function
σ Affected ventilatory function
32. All are true regarding Moderate sedation, except
Airway is patent
σ Verbal commands are effective
σ Cardiovascular function is affected
Spontaneous ventilation is adequate
33. All are false about Moderate sedation, except
Inadequate ventilation
σ Obstructed airway
σ Painful provocation is needed
σ Unaffected cardiovascular function
34. All are true about Deep sedation, except
Possibly inadequate spontaneous ventilation
σ Painful stimulation is needed
σ Possibly impaired ventilatory function
σ Easily aroused patient
35. All are true about Deep sedation, except
Depression of consciousness is drug-induced
σ Cardiovascular function is maintained
σ Patient is easily aroused
σ Assistance might be required for patent airway maintaining
36. All are true about General anesthesia, except
Impaired ventilator function
σ Loss of consciousness
σ Painful stimulation is needed
σ Patient is not able to be aroused
37. All are true about General anesthesia, except
Positive pressure ventilation may be required
σ Possibly impaired cardiovascular function
σ Assistance might be required for patent airway maintaining
σ Patient is not easily to be aroused
38. Good effects of Benzodiazepines are all, except
σ Anticonvulsant
σ Amnesia
σ Anxiolysis
σ Airway clearing
39. All are good effects of Benzodiazepines, except
σ Anxiety reliever
σ Anticonvulsant
σ Sedation
σ Vision enhancement
40. The incorrect group of Benzodiazepines is
σ Short-acting
Extra long-acting
σ Intermediate-acting
σ Long-acting
41. The duration of action of Benzodiazepines is dependent on
σ The half-life
σ The patient’s body
The complete-life
σ The active component
42. The duration of action of Benzodiazepines is dependent on
Dose of drug
σ The patient’s body
σ Activeness of organs
σ The metabolic fate
43. Classification of action of Midazolam
Extra long-acting
σ Short-acting
σ Intermediate-acting
σ Long-acting
44. Classification of action of Triazolam
Extra long-acting
σ Short-acting
σ Intermediate-acting
σ Long-acting
45. Classification of action of Diazepam
σ Extra long-acting
σ Short-acting
σ Intermediate-acting
σ Long-acting
46. Classification of action of Lorazepam
Extra long-acting
σ Short-acting
σ Intermediate-acting
σ Long-acting
47. Classification of action of Alprazolam
σ Long-acting
σ Short-acting
σ Intermediate-acting
σ Extra long-acting
48. Drug class of Midazolam is all, except
Long-acting
σ Benzodiazepines
σ Sedative
Anesthesia adjunct
49. Mechanism of actions of Midazolam is all, except
Amnesia
σ Anxiolysis
σ Hypnosis
σ Fatigue
50. All are mechanism of actions of Midazolam, except
σ Anxiolysis
σ Anticonvulsant
σ Muscle relaxant
σ Vision enhancement
51. The incorrect use of Midazolam is for
Postoperative sedation
σ Conscious sedation
GA induction
σ Intubation
52. The incorrect use of Midazolam is for
σ Sedation of diagnostic endoscope
σ Intubation
LA replacement
σ Amnesia
53. All are true about pharmacokinetics of Midazolam, except
σ Can be removed through hemodialysis
σ 97% protein binding
σ Primarily excreted in urine
σ Well-absorbed after IM administration
54. All are true about pharmacokinetics of Midazolam, except
σ Well-absorbed after IM administration
σ Half-life: 30 minutes to 2 hours
Metabolized in the liver to active metabolite
σ 97% protein binding
55. All are frequent side effects of Midazolam, except
Hiccups
σ Decreased respiratory rate
σ Pain during injection
σ Nausea
56. All are frequent side effects of Midazolam, except
Pain during injection
σ Hypotension
σ Oxygen desaturation
σ Hiccough
57. The occasional side effect of Midazolam is
Hiccups
σ Nausea
σ Vomiting
σ Hypotension
58. The occasional side effect of Midazolam is
σ Pain during injection
σ Paradoxical CNS reaction
σ Headache
σ Coughing
59. The rare side effect of Midazolam is
Paradoxical CNS reaction
σ Coughing
σ Hypertension
σ Decreased respiratory rate
60. The rare side effect of Midazolam is
Tenderness at the injection site
σ Vomiting
σ Hypotension
σ Oxygen desaturation
61. All are the contraindications of use of Midazolam, except
Patient with epilepsy
σ Patient with shock
σ Patient with coma
σ Patient with acute glaucoma
62. All are drugs contraindicated with Midazolam, except
Indinavir
σ Nelfinavir
σ Ritonavir
σ Erythromycin
63. Inadequate or excessive dosage or improper administration may result in all, except
σ Voluntary movements
σ Cerebral hypoxia
σ Agitation
σ Hyperactivity
64. All are symptoms of overdose of Midazolam, except
σ Confusion
σ Loss of coordination
Drowsiness
σ Unable to speak
65. All are therapeutic effects of Lorazepam, except
Airway assisting
σ Anticonvulsant
σ Antiemetic effects
σ Anxiolysis
66. All are therapeutic effects of Lorazepam, except
σ Sedation
Memory enhancement
σ Anxiolysis
σ Muscle relaxant
67. All are the drug uses of Lorazepam, except
Acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms
σ Treatment of anxiety
σ Muscle spasm
σ Alcohol toxication
68. All are pharmacokinetics of Lorazepam, except
σ Primary excreted in urine
σ Well-absorbed after PO or IV administration
σ 97% protein binding
Metabolized in liver
69. All are pharmacokinetics of Lorazepam, except
Well-absorbed after PO or IV administration
σ Not removed by hemodialysis
σ Half-life 10 to 20 hours
σ Metabolized in kidney
70. Frequent side effect of Lorazepam is
Headache
σ Somnolence
σ Hypotension
σ Hypertension
71. Frequent side effect of Lorazepam is
Paradoxical CNS restlessness
σ Ataxia
σ Blurred vision
σ Slurred speech
72. Frequent side effect of Lorazepam is
Hypotension
σ Headache
σ Confusion
σ Paradoxical CNS excitement
73. Occasional side effect of Lorazepam is
Hypertension
σ Somnolence
σ Ataxia
σ Blurred vision
74. Occasional side effect of Lorazepam is
Ataxia
σ Slurred speech
σ Paradoxical CNS restlessness
σ Confusion
75. Occasional side effect of Lorazepam is
Hypertension
σ Hypotension
σ Paradoxical CNS excitement
σ Somnolence
76. Rare side effect of Lorazepam is
Confusion
σ Nausea
σ Paradoxical CNS restlessness in elderly
σ Hypotension
77. All are conditions contradicted to the use of Lorazepam, except
Diabetics
σ Severe uncontrolled pain
σ Glaucoma
σ Preexisting CNS depression
78. All are the results of Lorazepam overdose, except
Hearing disorder
σ Somnolence
σ Confusion
σ Coma
79. All are therapeutic effects of Diazepam, except
σ Increase level of alertness
σ Anxiolysis
σ Elevation of seizure threshold
σ Skeletal muscle relaxation
80. All are drug uses of Diazepam, except
Skeletal muscle spasm
σ Anxiety
σ Acute alcohol withdrawal
Local anesthesia replacement
81. All are drug uses of Diazepam, except
Alcohol toxin reliever
σ Conscious sedation
σ Adjunct in seizure disorders
σ Skeletal muscle spasm
82. All are pharmacokinetics of Diazepam, except
Not removed by hemodialysis
σ Well-absorbed from the GI tract
σ Widely distributed
σ Excreted in urine
83. All are pharmacokinetics of Diazepam, except
σ 98% protein binding
σ Half-life 5 t0 10 hours
σ Metabolized in the liver
σ Widely distributed
84. Frequent side effect of Diazepam is
Headache
σ Slurred speech
σ Orthostatic hypotension
σ Somnolence
85. Frequent side effect of Diazepam is
Hypoactivity
σ Diarrhea
σ Fatigue
σ Blurred vision
86. Frequent side effect of Diazepam is
Hyperactivity
σ Constipation
Ataxia
σ Nervousness in children
87. Occasional side effect of Diazepam is
Excitement
σ Somnolence
σ Constipation
σ Hyperactivity
88. Occasional side effect of Diazepam is
Pain with IM injection
σ Fatigue
σ Blurred vision
σ Ataxia
89. Occasional side effect of Diazepam is
σ Nausea
σ Hyperactivity
σ Orthostatic hypertension
σ Diarrhea
90. Rare side effect of Diazepam is
Nausea
σ Headache
σ Slurred speech
σ Nervousness in children
91. Rare side effect of Diazepam is
σ Somnolence
σ Excitement in elderly
σ Blurred vision
σ Hypoactivity
92. Rare side effect of Diazepam is
σ Constipation
σ Ataxia
σ Hyperactivity
σ Fatigue
93. All are conditions contraindicated to Diazepam, except
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms
σ Coma
σ Glaucoma
σ Preexisting CNS depression
94. All are conditions contraindicated to Diazepam, except
Glaucoma
σ Respiratory depression
σ Severe uncontrolled pain
Status epilepticus
95. All are drugs which help prolong the effects of Diazepam, except
σ Cimetidine
σ Fluconazole
σ Erythromycin
σ Saquinavir
96. All are drugs which help prolong the effects of Diazepam, except
σ Rifamycin
σ Clarithromycin
Ketoconazole
σ Saquinavir
97. IV administration of Diazepam might produce all, except
Urinary frequency
σ Swelling
σ Pain
σ Thrombophlebitis
98. IV administration of Diazepam might produce all, except
σ Swelling
σ Carpel tunnel syndrome
Diarrhea
σ Thrombophlebitis
99. All are general considerations of Diazepam using in dental field, except
Allow the patient to walk independently to and from the operation room
σ Assessment of saliva flow
σ Lower dose for geriatric patients
σ Avoid using it for patients with history of drug abuse
100. All are general considerations of Diazepam using in dental field, except
Stop the procedure if the patient feels sleepy
σ Ask the patient’s family to drive the patient to and from dental clinic
σ Physical dependence might occur with chronic administration
σ Psychological dependence might occur with chronic administration
101. All are the assessment of the patient prior to sedation, except
Examination
σ History
σ Treatment plan
σ Social status
102. All are ideal properties of sedative agents, except
Quick recovery
σ No respiratory depression
σ Cheap
σ Delayed onset
103. All are ideal properties of sedative agents, except
Delayed recovery
σ No side effects
σ Easy to administer
σ Anxiolysis
104. All are true about oral sedation, except
It is used to alleviate fear
σ Simple way of providing mild preoperative sedation
σ Premedication
It cannot be used with other sedation methods
105. All are true about oral sedation, except
Considerable individual variation in response is advantageous
σ It can be used alone
σ Common oral sedation is Benzodiazepine
It is used to alleviate anxiety
106. All are true about inhalation sedation, except
Good for treating anxious children
σ It is 50% drug management
σ It is 50% behavior management
Decrease of use in recent years
107. Stages of clinical effects of inhalation sedation include all, except
Stage of analgesia
σ Stage of excitement
σ Stage of surgical anesthesia
σ Stage of unconsciousness
108. All are indications of inhalation sedation, except
Patient with epilepsy
σ Patient with hypoactivity gagging reflexes
σ Patient with physical special needs
σ Patient with mental special needs
109. All are true of inhalation sedation, except
Acceptable to most patients
σ Non-invasive
σ Require only nasal mask and electronic monitoring
Rapid onset
110. All are true of inhalation sedation, except
No fasting
σ Delayed onset so patient can be well-prepared
σ Rapid recovery
No amnesia
111. All are true of inhalation sedation, except
Anxiolysis
σ Need electronic monitoring
σ The whole procedure is remembered
Not invasive
112. The best method for conscious sedation now is
Inhalation sedation
σ Oral sedation
σ Intramuscular sedation
σ Intravenous sedation
113. The initial intravenous sedation in dentistry was done using
Triazolam
σ Midazolam
σ Diazepam
σ Lorazepam
114. All are true about Midazolam used as intravenous sedation, except
σ Painless on injection
σ It is easier to control the incremental dosage
σ It is a water-soluble at a pH of less than 3
It is lipid-soluble at physiological pH
115. All are true about Midazolam used as intravenous sedation, except
It is metabolized in liver
σ It acts more rapidly than Diazepam
It has a much more reliable patient response than Diazepam
σ Quite painful on injection
116. All are true about Diazepam used as intravenous sedation, except
Risk of rebound sedation
σ Elimination half-life of 43 hours
σ Patients were sedated to some extent for up to 2 days
σ Soluble in water
117. All are false about Diazepam used as intravenous sedation, except
Patients were sedated to some extent for up to 3 days
σ Painless on injection
σ Elimination half-life of 24 hours
σ Production of active metabolites
118. All are psychosocial indications for IV sedation with Midazolam, except
Patients who have considerable difficulty with vasovagal attacks prior to and during dentistry
σ Patients with anxiety
σ Patients with phobia related to dental instruments
σ Patients with asthma
119. All are medical indications for IV sedation with Midazolam, except
Patients with hypertension
σ Patients with epilepsy
σ Patients with mild ischemic heart disease
σ Patients with anxiety related to dental instruments
120. All are contraindications for IV sedation, except
σ Uncooperative patients
σ Severe systemic disease
σ Unwilling patients
σ Children aged 17
121. All are contraindications for IV sedation, except
Patients with severe chronic obstructive airway disease
σ Patients with history of psychiatric treatment
σ Patients with asthma
σ Patients with severe physical special needs
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