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MCQs of Sedation

A serene medical setting with a focus on anxiety treatment, featuring a calming color palette and visual elements representing benzodiazepines, medical textbooks, and peaceful imagery.

Understanding Anxiolytics and Sedation

Test your knowledge on anxiolytics and sedation with our comprehensive quiz designed for healthcare professionals and students alike. This quiz spans a variety of important topics including the use, mechanisms, and classifications of anxiolytic medications.

121 thought-provoking questions
Multiple choice format
Ideal for exam preparation or self-assessment

121 Questions30 MinutesCreated by CalmMind341

1. Anxiolytics are used to treat:

Neurosis

Psychosis

Narcolepsy

Bipolar disorders

2. Anxiolytic agents should:

Produce drowsiness, encourage the onset and maintenance of a state of sleep

Relieve pain

Reduce anxiety and exert a calming effect

Improve mood and behavior in patient with psychotic symptoms

3. Anxiolytics are also useful for:

All are corrected

Treatment of epilepsy and seizures

Insomnia

Muscle relaxation in specific neuromuscular disorders

4. Indicate the agents of choice in the treatment of most anxiety states:

Barbiturates

Benzodiazepines

Lithium salts

Phenothiazines

5. The choice of benzodiazepines for anxiety is based on:

All are corrected

A relatively high therapeutic index

Availability of flumazenil for treatment of overdose

A low risk of physiologic dependence

6. Which of the following anxiolitics is a benzodiazepine derivative:

Buspirone

Chloral hydrate

Clordiazepoxide

Meprobamate

7. Indicate the benzodiazepine, which has the shortest elimination half-life:

Quazepam

Triazolam

Diazepam

Clorazepate

8. Which of the following benzodiazepines has the shortest duration of action?

σ� Triazolam

 Clorazepate

σ� Prazepam

 Clordiazepoxide

9. Which of the following benzodiazepines is less likely to cause cumulative and residual effects with multiple doses?

σ� Clorazepate

 Quazepam

σ� Lorazepam

σ� Prazepam

10. Anxiolytic dosage reduction is recommended:

σ� All are corrected

σ� In patients taking cimetidine

 In elderly patients

σ� In patients with hepatic dysfunction

11. Which of the following benzodiazepines is preferred for elderly patients?

 Clorazepate

σ� Clordiazepoxide

 Prazepam

σ� Triazolam

12. Which of the following anxiolytics is preferred in patient with limited hepatic function?

σ� Buspirone

σ� Quazepam

σ� Diazepam

 Chlordiazepoxide

13. Indicate the mechanism of hypnotic benzodiazepine action:

σ� Increasing the duration of the GABA-gated Cl-channel openings

σ� Directly activating the chloride channels

σ� All are corrected

σ� Increasing the frequency of Cl-channel opening events

14. Which of the following anxiolytics is a partial agonist of brain 5-HT1A receptors?

σ� Buspirone

σ� Alprozolam

σ� Chlorazepat

σ� Lorazepam

15. Indicate the competitive antagonist of benzodiazepine receptors:

σ� Flumazenil

 Diazepam

 Picrotoxin

σ� Buspirone

16. Indicate the agent, which interferes with GABA binding:

σ� Chlordiazepoxide

σ� Thiopental

σ� Bicuculline

σ� Picrotoxin

17. Antianxiety agents have:

 All are corrected

σ� Sedative and hypnotic activity

σ� Muscle relaxing and anticonvulsant effects

σ� Amnesic properties

18. Which of the following disadvantages does not limit using benzodiazepines as antianxiety agents?

 The formation of active metabolites

σ� Tendency to develop psychologic dependence

σ� A high risk of drug interactions based on liver enzyme induction

σ� Synergic CNS depression with concomitant use of other drugs

19. Indicate the anxiolitic agent, which relieves anxiety without causing marked sedative effects:

σ� Diazepam

σ� Clorazepate

σ� Buspirone

 Chlordiazepoxid

20. Which of the following anxiolytics has minimal abuse liability?

σ� Flumazenil

σ� Oxazepam

σ� Buspirone

σ� Alprazolam

21. In contrast to benzodiazepines, buspirone:

σ� Has more marked hypnotic, anticonvulsant, or muscle relaxant properties

σ� Interact directly with gabaergic system

σ� Causes less psychomotor impairment and does not affect driving skills

σ� Has maximal abuse liability

22. Which of the following sedative-hypnotic drugs does not potentiate the CNS depressant effects of ethanol, phenothiazines, or tricyclic antidepressants?

σ� Buspirone

σ� Chloralhydrate

σ� Diazepam

σ� Phenobarbital

23. Limitation of buspirone is:

 Impairment of mentation or motor functions during working hours

σ� A low therapeutic index

σ� An extremely slow onset of action

σ� A high potential of development of physical dependence

24. Which drugs may be used as antianxiety agents?  BETA-blocking drugs  Clonidine - a partial agonist of alfa2 receptors  Tricyclic antidepressants  All are corrected

 All are corrected

σ� BETA-blocking drugs

σ� Clonidine - a partial agonist of alfa2 receptors

σ� Tricyclic antidepressants

25. Which of the following benzodiazepines is more likely to cause “hangover” effects such as drowsiness, dysphoria, and mental or motor depression the following day?

σ� Oxazepam

σ� Lorazepam

σ� Clorazepat

σ� Triazolam

26. Additive CNS depression can be predicted if benzodiazepines are used with:

 All are corrected

σ� Ethanol

σ� Morphine

σ� Clorpromazine

27. Which dosage of benzodiazepines for 60-90 days may produce severe withdrawal symptoms?

σ� 50-60 mg/d

σ� Less than 400 mg/d

σ� More than 800 mg/d

σ� Less than 40 mg/d

28. Restlessness, anxiety, orthostatic hypotension, generalized seizures, severe tremor, vivid hallucination, and psychosis are possible symptoms of:

σ� None of all

σ� Tolerance

σ� Withdrawal

σ� Drug interactions between barbiturate and diazepam

29. Flumazenil is used to:

 All are corrected

σ� Reverse the CNS depressant effects of hypnotic benzodiazepines overdose

σ� Hasten recovery following use of hypnotic benzodiazepines in anesthetic and diagnostic procedure

σ� Reverse benzodiazepine-induced respiratory depression

30. Flumazenil given intravenously:

 Has duration of action longer than 6 hours

σ� Has intermediate onset and duration of action about 2 hours

σ� Acts rapidly but has a short half-life

σ� Has an effect lasting 3-5 hours

31. All are true about Minimal sedation, except

 Unaffected cardiovascular function

σ� Normal response to normal stimulation

σ� Possibly impaired cognitive function

σ� Affected ventilatory function

32. All are true regarding Moderate sedation, except

 Airway is patent

σ� Verbal commands are effective

σ� Cardiovascular function is affected

 Spontaneous ventilation is adequate

33. All are false about Moderate sedation, except

 Inadequate ventilation

σ� Obstructed airway

σ� Painful provocation is needed

σ� Unaffected cardiovascular function

34. All are true about Deep sedation, except

 Possibly inadequate spontaneous ventilation

σ� Painful stimulation is needed

σ� Possibly impaired ventilatory function

σ� Easily aroused patient

35. All are true about Deep sedation, except

 Depression of consciousness is drug-induced

σ� Cardiovascular function is maintained

σ� Patient is easily aroused

σ� Assistance might be required for patent airway maintaining

36. All are true about General anesthesia, except

 Impaired ventilator function

σ� Loss of consciousness

σ� Painful stimulation is needed

σ� Patient is not able to be aroused

37. All are true about General anesthesia, except

 Positive pressure ventilation may be required

σ� Possibly impaired cardiovascular function

σ� Assistance might be required for patent airway maintaining

σ� Patient is not easily to be aroused

38. Good effects of Benzodiazepines are all, except

σ� Anticonvulsant

σ� Amnesia

σ� Anxiolysis

σ� Airway clearing

39. All are good effects of Benzodiazepines, except

σ� Anxiety reliever

σ� Anticonvulsant

σ� Sedation

σ� Vision enhancement

40. The incorrect group of Benzodiazepines is

σ� Short-acting

 Extra long-acting

σ� Intermediate-acting

σ� Long-acting

41. The duration of action of Benzodiazepines is dependent on

σ� The half-life

σ� The patient’s body

 The complete-life

σ� The active component

42. The duration of action of Benzodiazepines is dependent on

 Dose of drug

σ� The patient’s body

σ� Activeness of organs

σ� The metabolic fate

43. Classification of action of Midazolam

 Extra long-acting

σ� Short-acting

σ� Intermediate-acting

σ� Long-acting

44. Classification of action of Triazolam

 Extra long-acting

σ� Short-acting

σ� Intermediate-acting

σ� Long-acting

45. Classification of action of Diazepam

σ� Extra long-acting

σ� Short-acting

σ� Intermediate-acting

σ� Long-acting

46. Classification of action of Lorazepam

 Extra long-acting

σ� Short-acting

σ� Intermediate-acting

σ� Long-acting

47. Classification of action of Alprazolam

σ� Long-acting

σ� Short-acting

σ� Intermediate-acting

σ� Extra long-acting

48. Drug class of Midazolam is all, except

 Long-acting

σ� Benzodiazepines

σ� Sedative

 Anesthesia adjunct

49. Mechanism of actions of Midazolam is all, except

 Amnesia

σ� Anxiolysis

σ� Hypnosis

σ� Fatigue

50. All are mechanism of actions of Midazolam, except

σ� Anxiolysis

σ� Anticonvulsant

σ� Muscle relaxant

σ� Vision enhancement

51. The incorrect use of Midazolam is for

 Postoperative sedation

σ� Conscious sedation

 GA induction

σ� Intubation

52. The incorrect use of Midazolam is for

σ� Sedation of diagnostic endoscope

σ� Intubation

 LA replacement

σ� Amnesia

53. All are true about pharmacokinetics of Midazolam, except

σ� Can be removed through hemodialysis

σ� 97% protein binding

σ� Primarily excreted in urine

σ� Well-absorbed after IM administration

54. All are true about pharmacokinetics of Midazolam, except

σ� Well-absorbed after IM administration

σ� Half-life: 30 minutes to 2 hours

 Metabolized in the liver to active metabolite

σ� 97% protein binding

55. All are frequent side effects of Midazolam, except

 Hiccups

σ� Decreased respiratory rate

σ� Pain during injection

σ� Nausea

56. All are frequent side effects of Midazolam, except

 Pain during injection

σ� Hypotension

σ� Oxygen desaturation

σ� Hiccough

57. The occasional side effect of Midazolam is

 Hiccups

σ� Nausea

σ� Vomiting

σ� Hypotension

58. The occasional side effect of Midazolam is

σ� Pain during injection

σ� Paradoxical CNS reaction

σ� Headache

σ� Coughing

59. The rare side effect of Midazolam is

 Paradoxical CNS reaction

σ� Coughing

σ� Hypertension

σ� Decreased respiratory rate

60. The rare side effect of Midazolam is

 Tenderness at the injection site

σ� Vomiting

σ� Hypotension

σ� Oxygen desaturation

61. All are the contraindications of use of Midazolam, except

 Patient with epilepsy

σ� Patient with shock

σ� Patient with coma

σ� Patient with acute glaucoma

62. All are drugs contraindicated with Midazolam, except

 Indinavir

σ� Nelfinavir

σ� Ritonavir

σ� Erythromycin

63. Inadequate or excessive dosage or improper administration may result in all, except

σ� Voluntary movements

σ� Cerebral hypoxia

σ� Agitation

σ� Hyperactivity

64. All are symptoms of overdose of Midazolam, except

σ� Confusion

σ� Loss of coordination

 Drowsiness

σ� Unable to speak

65. All are therapeutic effects of Lorazepam, except

 Airway assisting

σ� Anticonvulsant

σ� Antiemetic effects

σ� Anxiolysis

66. All are therapeutic effects of Lorazepam, except

σ� Sedation

 Memory enhancement

σ� Anxiolysis

σ� Muscle relaxant

67. All are the drug uses of Lorazepam, except

 Acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms

σ� Treatment of anxiety

σ� Muscle spasm

σ� Alcohol toxication

68. All are pharmacokinetics of Lorazepam, except

σ� Primary excreted in urine

σ� Well-absorbed after PO or IV administration

σ� 97% protein binding

 Metabolized in liver

69. All are pharmacokinetics of Lorazepam, except

 Well-absorbed after PO or IV administration

σ� Not removed by hemodialysis

σ� Half-life 10 to 20 hours

σ� Metabolized in kidney

70. Frequent side effect of Lorazepam is

 Headache

σ� Somnolence

σ� Hypotension

σ� Hypertension

71. Frequent side effect of Lorazepam is

 Paradoxical CNS restlessness

σ� Ataxia

σ� Blurred vision

σ� Slurred speech

72. Frequent side effect of Lorazepam is

 Hypotension

σ� Headache

σ� Confusion

σ� Paradoxical CNS excitement

73. Occasional side effect of Lorazepam is

 Hypertension

σ� Somnolence

σ� Ataxia

σ� Blurred vision

74. Occasional side effect of Lorazepam is

 Ataxia

σ� Slurred speech

σ� Paradoxical CNS restlessness

σ� Confusion

75. Occasional side effect of Lorazepam is

 Hypertension

σ� Hypotension

σ� Paradoxical CNS excitement

σ� Somnolence

76. Rare side effect of Lorazepam is

 Confusion

σ� Nausea

σ� Paradoxical CNS restlessness in elderly

σ� Hypotension

77. All are conditions contradicted to the use of Lorazepam, except

 Diabetics

σ� Severe uncontrolled pain

σ� Glaucoma

σ� Preexisting CNS depression

78. All are the results of Lorazepam overdose, except

 Hearing disorder

σ� Somnolence

σ� Confusion

σ� Coma

79. All are therapeutic effects of Diazepam, except

σ� Increase level of alertness

σ� Anxiolysis

σ� Elevation of seizure threshold

σ� Skeletal muscle relaxation

80. All are drug uses of Diazepam, except

 Skeletal muscle spasm

σ� Anxiety

σ� Acute alcohol withdrawal

 Local anesthesia replacement

81. All are drug uses of Diazepam, except

 Alcohol toxin reliever

σ� Conscious sedation

σ� Adjunct in seizure disorders

σ� Skeletal muscle spasm

82. All are pharmacokinetics of Diazepam, except

 Not removed by hemodialysis

σ� Well-absorbed from the GI tract

σ� Widely distributed

σ� Excreted in urine

83. All are pharmacokinetics of Diazepam, except

σ� 98% protein binding

σ� Half-life 5 t0 10 hours

σ� Metabolized in the liver

σ� Widely distributed

84. Frequent side effect of Diazepam is

 Headache

σ� Slurred speech

σ� Orthostatic hypotension

σ� Somnolence

85. Frequent side effect of Diazepam is

 Hypoactivity

σ� Diarrhea

σ� Fatigue

σ� Blurred vision

86. Frequent side effect of Diazepam is

 Hyperactivity

σ� Constipation

 Ataxia

σ� Nervousness in children

87. Occasional side effect of Diazepam is

 Excitement

σ� Somnolence

σ� Constipation

σ� Hyperactivity

88. Occasional side effect of Diazepam is

 Pain with IM injection

σ� Fatigue

σ� Blurred vision

σ� Ataxia

89. Occasional side effect of Diazepam is

σ� Nausea

σ� Hyperactivity

σ� Orthostatic hypertension

σ� Diarrhea

90. Rare side effect of Diazepam is

 Nausea

σ� Headache

σ� Slurred speech

σ� Nervousness in children

91. Rare side effect of Diazepam is

σ� Somnolence

σ� Excitement in elderly

σ� Blurred vision

σ� Hypoactivity

92. Rare side effect of Diazepam is

σ� Constipation

σ� Ataxia

σ� Hyperactivity

σ� Fatigue

93. All are conditions contraindicated to Diazepam, except

 Alcohol withdrawal symptoms

σ� Coma

σ� Glaucoma

σ� Preexisting CNS depression

94. All are conditions contraindicated to Diazepam, except

 Glaucoma

σ� Respiratory depression

σ� Severe uncontrolled pain

 Status epilepticus

95. All are drugs which help prolong the effects of Diazepam, except

σ� Cimetidine

σ� Fluconazole

σ� Erythromycin

σ� Saquinavir

96. All are drugs which help prolong the effects of Diazepam, except

σ� Rifamycin

σ� Clarithromycin

 Ketoconazole

σ� Saquinavir

97. IV administration of Diazepam might produce all, except

 Urinary frequency

σ� Swelling

σ� Pain

σ� Thrombophlebitis

98. IV administration of Diazepam might produce all, except

σ� Swelling

σ� Carpel tunnel syndrome

 Diarrhea

σ� Thrombophlebitis

99. All are general considerations of Diazepam using in dental field, except

 Allow the patient to walk independently to and from the operation room

σ� Assessment of saliva flow

σ� Lower dose for geriatric patients

σ� Avoid using it for patients with history of drug abuse

100. All are general considerations of Diazepam using in dental field, except

 Stop the procedure if the patient feels sleepy

σ� Ask the patient’s family to drive the patient to and from dental clinic

σ� Physical dependence might occur with chronic administration

σ� Psychological dependence might occur with chronic administration

101. All are the assessment of the patient prior to sedation, except

 Examination

σ� History

σ� Treatment plan

σ� Social status

102. All are ideal properties of sedative agents, except

 Quick recovery

σ� No respiratory depression

σ� Cheap

σ� Delayed onset

103. All are ideal properties of sedative agents, except

 Delayed recovery

σ� No side effects

σ� Easy to administer

σ� Anxiolysis

104. All are true about oral sedation, except

 It is used to alleviate fear

σ� Simple way of providing mild preoperative sedation

σ� Premedication

 It cannot be used with other sedation methods

105. All are true about oral sedation, except

 Considerable individual variation in response is advantageous

σ� It can be used alone

σ� Common oral sedation is Benzodiazepine

 It is used to alleviate anxiety

106. All are true about inhalation sedation, except

 Good for treating anxious children

σ� It is 50% drug management

σ� It is 50% behavior management

 Decrease of use in recent years

107. Stages of clinical effects of inhalation sedation include all, except

 Stage of analgesia

σ� Stage of excitement

σ� Stage of surgical anesthesia

σ� Stage of unconsciousness

108. All are indications of inhalation sedation, except

 Patient with epilepsy

σ� Patient with hypoactivity gagging reflexes

σ� Patient with physical special needs

σ� Patient with mental special needs

109. All are true of inhalation sedation, except

 Acceptable to most patients

σ� Non-invasive

σ� Require only nasal mask and electronic monitoring

 Rapid onset

110. All are true of inhalation sedation, except

 No fasting

σ� Delayed onset so patient can be well-prepared

σ� Rapid recovery

 No amnesia

111. All are true of inhalation sedation, except

 Anxiolysis

σ� Need electronic monitoring

σ� The whole procedure is remembered

 Not invasive

112. The best method for conscious sedation now is

 Inhalation sedation

σ� Oral sedation

σ� Intramuscular sedation

σ� Intravenous sedation

113. The initial intravenous sedation in dentistry was done using

 Triazolam

σ� Midazolam

σ� Diazepam

σ� Lorazepam

114. All are true about Midazolam used as intravenous sedation, except

σ� Painless on injection

σ� It is easier to control the incremental dosage

σ� It is a water-soluble at a pH of less than 3

 It is lipid-soluble at physiological pH

115. All are true about Midazolam used as intravenous sedation, except

 It is metabolized in liver

σ� It acts more rapidly than Diazepam

 It has a much more reliable patient response than Diazepam

σ� Quite painful on injection

116. All are true about Diazepam used as intravenous sedation, except

 Risk of rebound sedation

σ� Elimination half-life of 43 hours

σ� Patients were sedated to some extent for up to 2 days

σ� Soluble in water

117. All are false about Diazepam used as intravenous sedation, except

 Patients were sedated to some extent for up to 3 days

σ� Painless on injection

σ� Elimination half-life of 24 hours

σ� Production of active metabolites

118. All are psychosocial indications for IV sedation with Midazolam, except

 Patients who have considerable difficulty with vasovagal attacks prior to and during dentistry

σ� Patients with anxiety

σ� Patients with phobia related to dental instruments

σ� Patients with asthma

119. All are medical indications for IV sedation with Midazolam, except

 Patients with hypertension

σ� Patients with epilepsy

σ� Patients with mild ischemic heart disease

σ� Patients with anxiety related to dental instruments

120. All are contraindications for IV sedation, except

σ� Uncooperative patients

σ� Severe systemic disease

σ� Unwilling patients

σ� Children aged 17

121. All are contraindications for IV sedation, except

 Patients with severe chronic obstructive airway disease

σ� Patients with history of psychiatric treatment

σ� Patients with asthma

σ� Patients with severe physical special needs

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