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A detailed illustration of human skeletal system, highlighting cartilage and bone connections, with labels for different types of cells and structures, in an educational style.

Cartilage and Bone Structure Quiz

This quiz offers a comprehensive assessment of your knowledge on cartilage and bone structures, essential components of the human body.

Test your understanding with questions that cover various aspects, including:

Cell types and their functions
Bone ossification processes
Muscle structure and function

23 Questions6 MinutesCreated by BuildingBone244

Choose correct pairs:

Simple squamos – skin (skin → stratified squamos)

Psuedostratified ciliated – epididymal duct

Stratified squamos keratinized – esophagus

Transitional – renal calyces

Urothelium - urethra

Which of the following event is the first step during long bone ossification: (single choice)

Formation of primary ossification center in epiphysis

Formation of hollow bone collar that surrounds in middle portion of cartilage model

Formation of the secondary ossification center in diaphysis

The cartilage degradation

Growth for the length of the epiphyseal plate

Mark the true statements (single choice)

The nuclei are located peripherally just under the cell meembrane only in skeletal muscle

There is no actin filaments in smooth muscle cells

Each fiber of skeletal muscle is surrounded by dense connective tissue of epimysium

The sarcomer extends from M line to M line

Holocrine glands – find true statements: (single choice)

Their examples are sebaccous glands

The secretory granules leave the cell by exocytosis

Are always unicellular

Are always present between epithelial cells

The secretory product is discharged together without parts of the apical cyotplams

Find true sentence: (single choice)

Perichondrium contains only type 4 collagen fibers

Volkmanns canal is located in the center of the osteon

Osteoblasts possess receptors for calcitonin

The precursor of osteoclast are monocytes

Cartilage is highly vascularized tissue

Find correct answer:(single choice)

Intercalated discs connect two skeletal muscle fibers

Caveolae of smooth muscle cells function in manner autologous to T-tubules

Triad is characteristics for cardiac muscle

Epimysium is loose connective tissue

Cardiac muscle is under voluntary control

Which of the sentences about cartilage is true?

In hyaline cartilage water constitutes up to 60-80% of the weight in fresh tissue

N elastic cartilage water constitutes up to 80% of the weight in fresh tissue

Is well vascularized

Is avascular tissue

Which of the phrases concerning osteoclasts is true:

Its projections form ruffled border

Pumping protons into resorption cavaity of bone

Possess receptor for parathormone

to its differntiation need RANKL

Which sentences are true:

Osteoclasts possess receptors for PTH

The precursors of osteoclasts are monocytes

Haversian canal is located in the periphery of the osteon

Osteoclast apossess of the receptors for calcitonin

Which of the phrases concerning perichondrium are true:

Is responsible for interstitial growth of cartilage

Protects articular surface from damage

Acts protective function for cartilage

is formed by collagen type 1

Is it true that bone…?:(single choice)

Its periosteum is similary build as endosteum

Contains osteoblast that help regulate bone remodeling

Its ECM is high mineralized

Osteoclast differentiate from osteoprogenitor cells

Which statements about the woven bone is true?:

Is mature type of bone

has low content of mineral

Can be found in insertion of some tendons

Has random disposition of type collagen 1 fibers

Is it true that osteogenesis:

Is the periosteum development process

Could happen thanks to endochondral ossification

During intramembranous ossification the epiphyseal cartilages are formed

Is the bone development process

Endochondral ossification – choose true statements:

Its first step is formation of bone collar

The primary ossification center occurs within diaphysis

Occurs on the ground of cartilaginous model of the bone

Formation of short bones

The blood vessels are necessary as a source of progenitor cells

The bone collar of diaphysis is produced by this type of ossification

Intramembranous ossification:

Takes place within condensation of mesenchymal tissue

Is source of most of the flat bones

The process begins when mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts

Frontal bones of the skull and maxilla are formed by intramembranous ossification

Choose derivatives of the mesenchyme:

Blood cells

The cells of connective tissue (bone, cartilage, adipose, muscle)

Endothelium

Mesenchyme:

Is an embryonic tissue

Mesenchymal cells are the precursor for all types of connective tissue cells

Do not contain ground substance

Bone – choose correct:

Sclerotin is protein produced by osteocytes

ECM is highly mineralized

Periosteum and endosteum contains “bone-forming cells”

Ruffled border of osteoclast is situated at the resorption cavity of bone

Osteoblast control metabolism of osteoclast

The osteocytes function is maintaining the bone physiology

Numerous cytoplasmic processes of osteocyte so called ruffled border

Osteocyte are present in lacunae between lamellae

Osteocalcin is needed for calcification of bone matrix

What is true about cardiac muscle:

Contraction is triggered at nodes of conducting fibers

Regeneration involves mitotic activity of muscle cells

Sarcolasmic reticulum is forming two terminal cisterns per sarcomere in triads

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is rather well developed

Striations are present

T tubules are found at level of Z line

Nuclei are centrally located

Caveolae and gap junctions can be occassionally present

Nuclei are adjacent to sarcolemma

The tendon is type of:

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Cartilage and Bone Structure Quiz

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