Piston 1 Week 1 Review
Most aircraft piston engines use _____________ as the cooling medium
Air
Fuel
Water
Ethylene Glycol
The linear distance the piston travels from TDC to BDC (or BDC to TDC) is the definition of the term:
Bore
Volumetric Efficiency
Compression Ratio
Stroke
TDC is when:
The piston is at its highest point in the cylinder
The piston is midway in the cylinder on the way down
The piston is at its lowest point in the cylinder
The piston is midway in the cylinder on the way up
There are five events in the Otto Cycle….which event occurs immediately after the Power event?
Compression
Ignition
Intake
Exhaust
Name the 5 events in the Otto cycle - IN ORDER
Compression stroke, ignition, power stroke, exhaust stroke, intake stroke
Exhaust stroke, compression stroke, ignition, power stroke, intake stroke
Intake stroke, exhaust stroke, compression stroke, ignition, power stroke
Compression stroke, ignition, exhaust stroke, power stroke, intake stroke
Which of the following is one of the 5 events in the Otto Cycle #3
Ignition
Supercharging
Connecting Rod
Top dead center
What energy conversion cycle does the Wankel engine use?
Brayton cycle
Carnot cycle
Otto cycle
2 stroke cycle
The purpose of the compression rings on the piston is to:
To direct the oil to pressure lubricated components
Remove excess oil from the cylinder walls
Remove excess oil from the piston top
Ensure a tight seal to the cylinder walls and contain combustion gasses
What is the key difference between a Diesel engine & a 2 stroke engine?
How oil is put into the engine
How coolant is put into the engine
How power is produced in the engine
How fuel is put into the engine
What is the key difference between a Diesel engine & a 2 stroke engine?
The method of air/fuel ignition
Radically different components are used
The methods used for lubrication
One produces pulsating power and the other produces continuous power
All heat engines convert ___________ energy of the fuel into ____________ energy (to do work).
Chemical/Mechanical
Inertial/Chemical
Mechanical/Inertial
Mechanical/Chemical
All heat engines convert the ___________ energy of the fuel into mechanical energy
Chemical
Altimetric
Pressure
Kinetic
Which characteristic is the most important when designing and maintaining piston aircraft engines?
Environmentally Friendly (low pollution/emissions)
Reliaibility
Noise level
Fuel Economy
What is this part #9?
Cylinder
Crankshaft
Engine block
Crankcase
What is this part #8?
Camshaft
Piston pin
Cylinder
Crankshaft
The purpose of a propeller governor is to:
Control propeller speed by changing blade angle
Keep the propeller out of trouble when partying
Tell the pilot how to control the propeller
Control propeller blade angle by changing speed
The purpose of the induction system is to:
Prepare the pilot to fly the aircraft.
Provide clean air to the cylinders
Generate electricity for the instruments, lights, radios, navigation systems etc.
Get rid up unwanted gasses in the engine
What is this accessory? #2
Starter
Muffler
Alternator
Magneto
What is this accessory? #11
Alternator
Magneto
Hydraulic Pump
Starter
What is this accessory? #10
Induction system
Single Magneto
Dual Magneto
Alternator
What accessory is this part out of #3
Exhaust system
Hydraulic system
Generator system
Induction System
What stroke is happening at A (between points 1 & 2)
Intake Stroke
Exhaust Stroke
Compression Stroke
Power Stroke
Combustion
Exhaust Valve Opening
What is the key difference between a Diesel engine & a 4 stroke engine?
How coolant is put into the engine
How power is produced in the engine
How fuel is put into the engine
How oil is put into the engine
A typical reciprocating internal combustion engine converts how much of the energy in the fuel into work?
40-50%
10-20%
78-80%
30-35%
Which of the following is one of the 5 events in the Otto Cycle #1
Exhaust Valve
Intake Stroke
Magneto coil
Output shaft
Which of the following is one of the 5 events in the Otto Cycle #2
Power input
Piston
Turbocharger
Compression stroke
Why is the 4 Stroke Theory also called the Otto Cycle?
"OTTO" is an acronym for Open Top Transit Oxygenation, which describes what happens throughout the four strokes
It is named after the inventor of the cycle, Dr. Nicholas Otto
"OTTO" is an acronym for Oscillating Transfer Top Oxidization; which describes the process of energy conversion of the fuel
It is named after the first machine this type of engine was installed in, which was the "Ottomobile"
Which of the following is one of the 5 events in the Otto Cycle #4
Camshaft
Supercharger
Power stroke
Intake valve
A typical four stroke aircraft engine (such as the Lycoming TIO-540 engine) has a ________ part (piece) crankcase.
One
Two
Three
Four
Which component inside a horizontally opposed engine (such as the IO550C engine) opens the intake and exhaust valves?
Connecting Rod
Camshaft
Piston
Crankshaft
What is a square engine?
An engine where the bore is the same as the stroke
An engine where the cylinders are square
An engine where the bore is the smaller than the stroke
An engine where the bore is the larger than the stroke
Accessories:
Are optional
Dress the engine up and make it look better
Take power away from the propeller
Are completely unnecessary
An alternator or generator is used to:
Convert chemical energy to hydraulic power
Convert mechanical power to air power for driving instruments
Convert mechanical power to electrical power
Change the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion
What is this accessory? #9
Single Magneto
Alternator
Dual Magneto
Induction system
What is this accessory? #5
Prop governor
Vacuum pump
Prop synchronizer
Turbocharger
What is this part #2?
Camshaft
Cylinder
Crankshaft
Connecting Rod
What is this part #5?
Valve
Piston
Cylinder
Connecting Rod
BDC stands for what?
Bottom Dead Center
Bottom Dished Cylinder
Better Done Cooly
Bottom Domed Cylinder
The diameter of a cylinder is its:
Square
Compression ratio
Stroke
Bore
BDC is when:
The piston is at its lowest point in the cylinder
The piston is midway in the cylinder on the way up
The piston is midway in the cylinder on the way down
The piston is at its highest point in the cylinder
What is this part #6?
Connecting rod
Valve
Cylinder
Piston pin
What is this part #11?
Snap ring
Cir-clip
Oil control ring
Compression ring
What stroke is happening at B (between points 2 & 3)
Compression Stroke
Intake Stroke
Exhaust Stroke
Power Stroke
Combustion
Exhaust Valve Opening
How is the speed/power of an Otto cycle engine controlled?
By controlling how much fuel goes in
By controlling how much air/fuel go in
By controlling how much air goes in
By "braking" the engine
The purpose of a propeller synchronizer is to:
Match the sound of the propellers with the music being played in the cabin
Cancel or reduce noise in the headsets of the crew and passengers
Match the speed of two propellers
Match the position of two propellers
TDC stands for what?
Turbocharger Displacement Cycle
Timing Directed Cycle
Top Dead Center
Tappet Dynamic Cam
What is the effect of the combustion process?
To intake the air/fuel mixture
To increase the pressure of the combustion gas with a large change in the volume
To increase the pressure of the combustion gas with little change in the volume
To convert the energy in the fuel into potential energy
What is an under - square or long stroke engine?
An engine where TDC is the same as the stroke
An engine where the bore is smaller than the stroke
An engine where the bore is the same as the stroke
An engine where the bore is larger than the stroke
What is this accessory circled in yellow? #7
Fuel system
Exhaust system
Induction system
Hydraulic system
What is this accessory? #4
Turbocharger
Prop governor
Vacuum pump
Hydraulic pump
Choose the answer that best describes the Otto Cycle:
A three stroke, 3 event cycle with the events in correct order: 1:Intake/2:Compression/3:Power
A two stroke, three event cycle with the events in correct order: 1:Intake/2:Power & 3:Exhaust
A four stroke, five event cycle with the events in correct order: 1:Intake/2:Compression/3:Power/4:Ignition & 5:Exhaust
A four stroke, five event cycle with the events in correct order: 1:Intake/2:Compression/3:Ignition/4:Power & 5:Exhaust
Which of the following is one of the 5 events in the Otto Cycle #5
Exhaust puff
Exhaust stroke
Power delivery
WOW switch
The component which converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion to turn the propeller (or rotor) is the:
Intake Valve
Connecting Rod
Crankshaft
Exhaust Valve
What stroke is happening at E (between points 2 & 1)
Exhaust Stroke
Compression Stroke
Intake Stroke
Power Stroke
Combustion
Exhaust Valve Opening
Ignition
What is this part #3?
Connecting rod
Cylinder
Crankshaft
Piston
What is this part #1?
Cylinder
Crankshaft
Connecting rod
Camshaft
What is this part #7?
Piston
Piston pin
Cylinder
Connecting Rod
What is this part #10?
Cir-clip
Compression ring
Snap ring
Oil control ring
What component does a Wankel engine use to harness power?
Gas pressure on a triangular rotor
Gas pressure on a piston
Gas pressures on a turbine wheel
Fluid pressure on a ovoid rotor
What accessory is this part out of #1
Generator system
Induction System
Exhaust system
Hydraulic system
What is this accessory? #3
Hydraulic pump
Vacuum pump
Alternator
Turbocharger
How is the speed/power of an Diesel engine controlled?
By controlling how much fuel goes in
By controlling how much air/fuel go in
By controlling how much air goes in
By "braking" the engine
How is the speed/power of a 4 stroke engine controlled?
By controlling how much air goes in
By controlling how much air/fuel go in
By controlling how much fuel goes in
By "braking" the engine
The purpose of a vacuum/air pump is to:
Pressurize the cabin
Clean the cabin between flights
Inflate the beds in the cabin
Drive instruments and de-ice systems
The purpose of the hydraulic system is to:
To create pneumatic pressure & flow for flight controls, landing gear etc
To create oil pressure & flow for flight controls, landing gear etc
Create the rocking motion that you feel when the aircraft is flying
To create electrical voltage and current for flight controls, landing gear etc
How is the speed of an Diesel cycle engine controlled?
By controlling the amount of air into the engine
By controlling the compression ratio of the engine
By controlling the amount of air/fuel into the engine
By controlling the amount of fuel into the engine
Why is the 4 Stroke Theory also called the Otto Cycle?
"OTTO" is an acronym for Oscillating Transfer Top Oxidization; which describes the process of energy conversion of the fuel
It is named after the inventor of the cycle, Dr. Nicholas Otto
"OTTO" is an acronym for Open Top Transit Oxygenation, which describes what happens throughout the four strokes
It is named after the first machine this type of engine was installed in, which was the "Ottomobile"
What is this accessory? #1
Magneto
Generator
Muffler
Starter
What is this accessory? #8
Induction system
Fuel pump
Hydraulic pump
Exhaust system
What accessory is this part out of #4
Exhaust system
Generator system
Induction System
Hydraulic system
What accessory is this part out of #2
Generator system
Hydraulic system
Induction System
Exhaust system
What is an over - square or short stroke engine?
An engine where the bore is larger than the stroke
An engine where the bore is the same as the stroke
An engine where TDC is the same as the stroke
An engine where the bore is smaller than the stroke
Which component of the horizontally opposed engine is physically located between the piston and the connecting rod?
Crank pin
Pushrod
Piston Pin
Camshaft
Which component of the horizontally opposed engine is physically located between the piston pin and the crankshaft?
Connecting rod
Crank pin
Camshaft
Pushrod
What is this part #4?
Piston rings
Cylinder rings
Wrist pin
Cylinder
The top of an aircraft cylinder is known as the
Cylinder base
Combustion chamber
Crank case
External valve assembly
The purpose of the exhaust system is to:
To absorb noise and/or increase the exhaust gas velocity to reduce noise.
Collect exhaust gasses from the cylinders an carry them away from the passengers safely
Aid the crew and passengers with breathing at higher altitudes
Provide thrust to increase the fuel efficiency of the aircraft in all phases of flight
What is the key difference between a Diesel engine & an Otto cycle engine?
The methods used for lubrication
The method of air/fuel ignition
Radically different components are used
One produces pulsating power and the other produces continuous power
What is this accessory? #6
Prop synchronizer
Turbocharger
Prop governor
Vacuum pump
What stroke is happening at D (between points 4 & 5)
Intake Stroke
Exhaust Stroke
Compression Stroke
Power Stroke
Combustion
Exhaust Valve Opening
Ignition
Which component inside a horizontally opposed engine (such as the IO550C engine) closes the intake and exhaust valves?
Connecting Rod
Valve springs
Camshaft
Crankshaft
How is the speed/power of an Wankel engine controlled?
By controlling how much air/fuel go in
By controlling how much fuel goes in
By controlling how much air goes in
By "braking" the engine
What event is happening at C (point 3)
Ignition
Intake Stroke
Exhaust Stroke
Compression Stroke
Power Stroke
Combustion
Exhaust Valve Opening
The purpose of the ignition system is to:
Start the heater system when ever the cabin temperature gets too low
Create a one time spark to start combustion in the engine. Once combustion is started it is no longer needed
Create a spark in the engine every time it is needed to start combustion
Light a fire under the pilot to get the lazy jerk moving
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