Echo 2 quizes
Congenital Heart Defects Quiz
Test your knowledge on congenital heart defects with our comprehensive quiz! This quiz covers a variety of topics, including the types, complications, and associated conditions of congenital heart diseases.
Whether you are a medical professional, student, or simply interested in cardiology, this quiz will challenge your understanding and help you learn more about cardiac anomalies.
- 57 detailed questions
- Multiple-choice format
- Enhance your knowledge on cardiac abnormalities
The most common type of the atrial septal defect is:
Sinus venosus defect
Ostium primum defect
Ostium secundum defect
The atrial septal defect that is associated with inlet VSD is:
Ostium secundum defect
Sinus venosus defect
Perimembranous defect
Echocardiographic findings in ASD include all the following except:
Dilated right atrium
Volume overload pattern of the right ventricle
Aortic dilatation
The most common type of the ventricular septal defect is:
Supracristal VSD
Perimembranous VSD
Inlet VSD
The type of the ventricular septal defect which is a component of complete AV canal defect is:
Perimembranous VSD
Supracristal VSD
Inlet VSD
The most common congenital cyanotic heart disease is:
Tetralogy of Fallot
Eisenmenger syndrome
Patent ductus arteriosus
Which of the following diseases occurs in Down syndrome? Group of answer choices
complete endocardial cushion defect
ostium secundum ASD
perimembranous VSD
Color flow Doppler study of the pulmonary artery in parasternal short axis view, reveals a turbulent jet toward the transducer, which enters the pulmonary artery during both systole and diastole. The most likely diagnosis is
Pulmonic insufficiency
Pulmonic hypertension
Patent ductus arteriosus
Features of Tetralogy of Fallot are all of the following except: Group of answer choices
Right ventricular hypertrophy
VSD
ASD
Pandiastolic flow reflux in the descending aorta is consistent with:
coarctation of the aorta
VSD
ASD
Patent ductus arteriosus
Coarctation of the aorta most commonly occurs at:
Ascending thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
Descending thoracic aorta
Patient who has higher blood pressure in the arms than the legs may have:
Patent foramen ovale
Aortic valve stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta
Patent ductus arteriosus usually results in:
Enlargement of the RV, LV, and LA
Enlargement of the pulmonary artery, LV, and LA
Blue-baby syndrome
The most common cardiac involvement in carcinoid syndrome is:
Tricuspid valve regurgitation
Tricuspid valve stenosis
Pulmonary valve regurgitation
The most common associated congenital heart disease with Ebstein's anomaly is:
Supracristal VSD
Perimembranous VSD
Ostium secundum ASD
The foramen ovale closes after birth as a result of:
the pressure in the left atrium holding the flap of tissue closed over the opening
Increased pulmonary blood pressure
decreased blood flow to the left atrium
What is the most common location of aortic aneurysm?
infrarenal aorta
ascending aorta
descending thoracic aorta
Aortic aneurysm is defined as:
intimal thickening of the aorta
media thickening and narrowing of the aorta
localized dilatation of the aorta
Sinus of Valsalva in the right coronary sinus protrudes toward the:
Left atrium
left ventricle
right atrium or right ventricle
Thin linear mobile flap in the lumen of the aorta raise suspicion of:
aortic dissection
coarctation of the aorta
aortic valve stenosis
Which of the following conditions does not increase the risk for infective endocarditis?
Systemic hypotension
Congenital heart disease
Mitral valve prolapse
Which is a common complication of homograft (human cadaveric valves))?
Thrombosis/embolism
Infective pericarditis
Calcification and degeneration
In homograft valve,blood flow velocity is slightly------and the valve area is slightly----than for a normal native valve
Lower;smaller
Higher;smaller
Lower;larger
Which of the following is an advantage of the mechanical valves ?
They are extremely durable
Less obstruction than biological valves
They do not increase the risk of infective endocarditis
Which of the following differentiates the pericardial effusion from the pleural effusion
The pericardial effusion extends posterior to the descending aorta
The pericardial effusion changes with respiration
The pericardial effusion gradually tapers toward the autroventricular groove
Which of the following statements describes Doppler findings in cardiac tamponade?
The VTI and LVOT increases significantly with inspiration
The VTI of the RVOT increases signifivatly with expiration
Triscupid valve E wave velocity increases significantly with inspiration
While scanning a patient with pericardial effusion,you noticed that the free space is visible posteriorly only and measures 0.5cm at the end of diastole.What is the severity of the effusion?
Severe
Undetermined
Mild
The inspiratory septal bounce (toward the left)in echocardiographic finding in:
Mild pericardial effusion
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Constrictive pericarditis
In chronic drug abuses which of the following valves has increased risk of being inmfected first?
Mitral
Aortic
Tricuspid
Which of the following is not a complication of a mechanical valve?
Thrombosis and embolism
Infective endocarditis
Calcification and degeneration
While scanning the patient's heart,you noticed a clear free space surrounding the heart with diastolic collapse of the right ventricle and systolic collapse of the right atrium.What do these findings suggest?
Cardiac tamponade
Mitral valve stenosis
Pulmonary valve regurgitation
Increased E velocity of the triscupid valve more than 25%with inspiration is usually seen in;
Cardiac tamponade
Normal young people
Endocarditis with drug abuse
If you record the mitral valve flow in a patient with constrictive pericarditis,the E/A ratio appears;
Varying significantly with respiration
Consistently greater than 1.5:1
Consistenly greater than 2.5:1
Significant pericardial effusion is an expected finding in constrictive pericarditis
True
False
The most common cause of systemic hypertension is:
Renal disease
Contraceptive pills
Unknown
Right atrial pressure can be estimated from
Right atrial systolic collapse
Right atrial surface area
VC diameter and response to inspiration
Systolic pulmonary artery pressure of 50 mmHg is considered:
Mild pulmonary hypertension
Moderate pulmonary hypertension
Normal pulmonart artery pressure
Cor pulmonale is a term that means pulmonary hypertension due to
Lung disease
Left ventricular dysfunction
Eisenmenger's syndrome is;
Congenital heart disease with a persistent left-to right shunt
Congenital heart disease with a persistent right-to-left shunt.
Congenital heart disease with a shunt that is reserved to become right- to - left due to pulmonary hypertension
Midsystolic notching of the RVOT spectral doppler tracing with flying "W" sign on M-mode pulmonic valve suggest
Pulmonary valve regurgitation
Pulmonary hypertension
Systemic hypertension
In early stages systemic hypertension, the echocardiographic changes that may occur are
Left ventricular concentric hypertrophy, with preserved systolic function
Right ventricular dilatation,with decreased ejection traction.
Left ventricular dilatation,with decreased ejection fraction
Wall. Thinning with increased echogenecity of a ventricular segment indicates
Unstable angina
Blood clot formation
Old myocardial infarction
Which of the following terms refers to absent motion of a left- ventricle segment?
Akinesis
Hyperkinesis
Hypokinesis
Which of the following most common complication of myocardial infarction?
VSD
Pericarditis
Thrombus formation
What's the difference between pseudoneurysm from true ventricular aneurysm?
The anatomical location
Neck to body ratio
Decreased contractility is characteristic of pseudoaneurysm
What is the stress induced abnormality of LV wall motion that results from ischemic heart disease?
Hypokinesis
Hyperkinesis
Aneurysm
What score is assigned to LV segment that moves outward during systole?
3
4
5
The two branches of the left main coronary artery are
Left anterior descending and circumflex
Marginal and circumflex
Marginal and posterior descending
The origin of the two main coronary arteries appear on the parasternal short axis view at what position?
2 o'clock 8 o'clock
6 o'clock and 10 o'clock
4 o'clock and 10 o'clock
Which artery supplies the inferior wall of the left ventricle?
Nodal coronary artery
Circumflex coronary artery
Right coronary artery
What artery supplies the lateral wall of the left ventricle?
Circumflex coronary artery
Right coronary artery
Posterior descending coronary artery
Which type of cardiomyopathy is most commonly characterized by ground glass apperance?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Restrictive amyloid cardiomyopathy
In which type of cardiomyopathy,a systolic anterior motion of the mitral annulus accompanied with high pressure gradient in the LVOT are recorded?
Arrythmogenic cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Which of the following echocardiographic findings is seen in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Thickening of the left ventricular posteriorwall
Increases left ventricular volumes
Asymmentrical thickening of the IVS
Which type of cardiomyopathy is characterized by accumulation of abnormal proteins in the myocardium?
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Restrictive cardiomiopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Which of the following has increased risk of LV papillary muscle rupture?
Anterior myocardial infarction
Lateral myocardial infarctiobn
Inferior myocardial infarction
In IVS rupture all the following are correct except;
Decreased VTI of the LVOT
A high-velocity jet can be seen from the right ventricle to the left ventricle
Dilatation of IVC
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