What bread are you?
Discover Your Inner Bread: A Technical Quiz
Are you ready to put your knowledge to the test? This engaging quiz will help you discover which type of bread best represents your understanding of complex topics in signal processing, artificial intelligence, and system dynamics.
Test your skills and see how you stack up against others in the following areas:
- Signal Analysis
- Neural Networks
- Image Processing
- Optimization Techniques
To prevent spectral leakage
Increase the sampling rate
The wavelet transform should be calculated
Use the window function
Spectrum leakages can not be prevented
Discrete wavelet transform is a method of
Signal decomposition
Signal quantization
Signal sampling
Change of the signal phase
The sampling frequency of the signal should be
Lower than the standard deviation of the data set
Equal to the value of the smallest frequency component of the signal
Complex value
At least twice the maximum frequency component in the signal
Representation of the Dirac function in frequency domain is
Vertical line
Diagonal line
Sinusoidal function
Horizontal line
Estimator is effective if
It has the greatest variance of all unweighted estimators of the parameters tested
It is at the same time consistent , unbiased
It is equal to measured value
It has the smallest variance of all unweighted estimators of the parameters tested
Artificial Intelligence methods are not useful in
Rules identification
Time series forecasting
Data classification
Control systems
During neural network development to application in approximation collected data should be divided to: (S)’’
It is not necessary to divide - all data is used for training
Two subsets: training and testing
Four subsets: training, validating, testing and verifying
Three subsets: training, validating and testing
Lagrange multipliers method is based on:
Evolution of Lagrange equations
Multiplying constraints
Creating additional elements / variables
Multiplying derivatives
Simplex method has two phases in which adequately
Necessity condition is checked and then sufficient condition equations are solved
A set of solutions is proposed and then the best is chosen
Basic feasible solution is provided and then adjusted according to constraints
A set of solutions proposed and then the best is chosen
Image analysis
Transformation from an analog image to a digital image
Transformation from a digital image to the symbolic description of image contents
Transformation from a digital image to a digital image
Image segmentation
Image segmentation Image filtration in Fourier space is carried out by means
Logical XOR of the Fourier transformation F(u,v) of the image and a filter function H(u,v). XOR ( F(u,v), H(u.v))
Multiplication of the Fourier transformation F(u,v) of the image by a filter function H(u,v), F(u,v).*H(u,v)
Division of the Fourier transformation F(u, v) of the image by a filter function H(u,v), F(u,v): H(u,v)
Addition of the Fourier transformation F(u,v) of the image and filter function H(u,v), F(u,v) + H(u,v)
Image histogram
Specifies the number of pixels which have a given graylevel
Specifies the number of cells which have graylevel equal to given threshold
Specifies the number of cells which have graylevel lower then given threshold
Specifies the number of pixels which have gray level greater than given threshold
Velocity error constant is determined as
Limit of function with song to infinity from the products s2*G(S)
Limit of function with a going to zero from the product s2*G(s)
Limit of function with going to zero from the products s*G(s)*1/s
Limit of function with a going to zero from the products s*G(s)
The settling time of the second order system for the 2% criterion is
3 divided by the product of the damping ratio and damped natural frequency
3 divided by the product of the damping ratio and natural frequency
4 divided by the product of the damping ratio and natural frequency
4 divided by the product of the damping ratio and damped natural frequency
In optimization problems we do not use
Simplex method l
Object Oriented Programming
Nonlinear Programming
Geometric Programming
Results of image logarithm
To darken an image
To brighten an image
Shrink edges of an image
To brighten a central part of an image
Image segmentation
Image features extraction
Image division
Image multiplication
Separating object from background
The Nichols chart is used to determine
Physical parameters of the open-loop system based on the characteristics of the closed-loop system
Gain of the open-loop system based on the characteristics of the closed-loop system
Gain of the closed-loop system based on the characteristics of the open-loop system
Poles and zero placement of the open loop system based on the characteristics of the closed-loop system
Wavelet transform is
Representation of the signal in the time domain
Signal approximation method
A way to prevent spectrum leakage
Representation of the signal in time-frequency domain
Modal residue
Is behavior of forcing system
Describes errors in system modeling
Is a global behavior of system
Is a local behavior of system
Method of smallest squares is
A consistent estimator
A linear estimator
An unbiased estimator
All of the sentences are correct
Covariations is (COVARIANCE)
A measure of dependence for one random variable in different moments of frequency
A measure of dependence between two random variables
A measure of stationarity of random process
A measure of dependence for one random variable in different moments of time
The non-stationary signal is a signal
With one component
With a dominant constant value
With variable amplitude
With variable frequency value of one component
Correlation analysis is…
Method which is using impulse function
Non-parametric method
Regression method
Parametric method
Expected value is…
A sum of products of the implementation of the random variable and its probability of occurrence
A sum of the squares of the products of the implementation of the random variable and ?? Probability of occurrence
The module from the probability density multiplied by the variance
A quotient of a random variable and its variance
Which neural network has no nonlinear approximation abilities
Feed-forward Backpropagation
Radial Basis
Kohonens network
Recurrent network
Which Artificial Intelligence method is called „black box”
Fuzzy systems
Nonlinear multi-layered neural network
Linear one-layered neural network
Genetic algorithms
Constraint variation method is based on:
Evaluation of some variables using inequality constraints
Elimination of some variables using equality constraints
Calculation of constraints variations
Calculation of variables variations
The best projection of the frequency response function is expected from estimator…
Hv
H1
H2
Hg
Which Artificial Intelligence method cannot be recommended in optimization applications:
Adaptive Resonance Theory Neural Networks
Searching Methods
Evolutionary Algorithms
Fuzzy Systems
Deterministic signal
None of the above
Can carry information
Cannot be modeled exactly by a mathematical formula
Cannot carry information
What is a reversed model?
It is when systems arrays are reserved parameters arrays
It is when models input is the output of modeled object
It is when systems parameters reserved states parameters
It is model described by internance matrix
Aliasing occurs in the case of?
Nonlinear quantization
High signal amplitude
Change in the signal’s phase
Too low sampling frequency
The frequency response is: / Charakterystyka częstotliwościowa jest:
Szczególnym przypadkiem funkcji przejścia
Uogólnieniem funkcji transmitancji
Uogólnieniem funkcji przejścia
Uogólnieniem funkcji przenoszenia
What is multi-criteria optimization:/ Na czym polega optymalizacja wielokryterialna:
Na kilkukrotnym wykonaniu zadania optymalizacji , a następnie analizy otrzymanych rozwiązań ze względu na różne kryteria
Na uwzględnieniu wielu ograniczeń w trakcie wykonywania zadania optymalizacji
Na poszukiwaniu minimum lub maksimum funkcji o kilku parametrach
Na minimalizowaniu lub maksymalizowaniu kilku funkcji celu jednocześnie (w tej samej przestrzeni parametrów)
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype in the genetic algorithm:
Genotyp to fragment kodu genetycznego, który przechodzi bez zmian do kolejnej generacji, fenotyp to fragment kodu genetycznego modyfikowany przez mutację
Fenotyp jest informacją potrzebną do budowy genotypu, genotyp może zostać poddany ocenie środowiska
Genotyp jest informacją potrzebną do budowy fenotypu, fenotyp może zostać poddany ocenie środowiska
Fenotyp to fragment kodu genetycznego, który przechodzi bez zmian do kolejnej generacji, genotyp to fragment kodu modyfikowany mutacją
Jaki algorytm pozwala na redukcję wymiarowości w mapach cech? /reduction of dimensionality
Gradient algorithm
Convolution network
Neural network
Max pooling
Is the first line of the Prewitt operator mask:
[-1 0 1]
[-1 -1 0]
[-1 -1 -1]
[-1 -2 -1]
First row of the Sobel operator:
[-1 -2 -1]
[-1 0 -1]
[-1 0 1]
[-1 -1 -1]
What are the kernels of the Robert’s operator?
[1 0;0 -1] and [0 1; -1 0]
[-1 0;0 1] and [0 1; -1 0]
[1 1;0 -1] and [0 1; -1 1]
[1 0;1 -1] and [1 1; -1 0]
Which of the neural networks are trained by method “without trainer’
Multilayered perception
Radialbasis
Self organizing Feature Map
Feed forward backpropagation
Filters with finite impulse response:
Work in the feedback loop
Can only be low-pass filter
Change the phase of the signal non-linearly
Linearly change the phase of the signal
In the signal quantization process it is important that:
None of the above
The quantization level was matched to the signal amplitude range
The number of bits was a multiple of the sampling frequency
The frequency resolution of the signal spectrum was adequate
Order of the Finite Impulse Response is equivalent to:
Impulse response
Multiples of the sampling frequency
Number of filter coefficients
Filter type
Which one from below is the correct order of identification process:
Experiment, modeling, estimation, verification
Estimation, experiment, modeling, verification
Verification, experiment, modeling, estimation
Modeling, experiment, estimation, verification
Saddle point is a point where function f(x,y):
Partial derivatives are different but the same signs
Partial derivatives are the same but have different signs
Partial derivatives are the same
Changes its sign (positive to negative or vice versa)
Image equalization
Non-linear mapping which re-assigns the intensity values of the pixels in the input image such that the output image contains a uniform distribution of intensities (i.e a flat histogram)
Mapping which reassigns the intensity values of pixels in the input image such that output image contains a various distribution of intensities
Mapping which reassigns the intensity values of pixels in the input image such that output image contains the same values of intenisites
Mapping which reassigns the intensity values of pixels in the input image such that output image contains values of intensities equaled to 256
Results of square root of function:
enlarges edges of an image
To brighten an image
to darken an image
to brighten a central part of an image only
Is it possible to unambiguously identify the second-order inertial system based only on the information about the first maximum of the step response (time of occurence and amplitude):
Yes
No, one must also know the impulse response
No, one must also know the final value
Yes, but the only for the underdamped systems
The jitter phenomenon occurs when:
The filtration process was not carried out properly
Samples are not collected at ideally the same intervals
The amplitude of the signal is too high
The frequency of the signal changes
Vibration tend to occur in the case of system working as:
overdamped
Critically damped
Modal damper
Underdamped
What is the proper value of learning rate ?
0 < n < 1
N > 0
N > 1
N < 0
Kuhn-Tacker Conditions are sufficient conditions in case of:
Convex programming
Linear programming
Object oriented programming
Geometric programming
For a second-order inertial system, the overshoot is a function of:
Damped natural frequency and damping coefficient
Natural frequency and damping coefficient
Damping ratio
Damped natural frequency
Bode characteristics of integral element reach an amplitude of 0dB for pulsation
0 rad/s
This value depends on the order of the element
1 rad/s
They never reach such an amplitude, their amplitude characteristics is a straight line parallel to the axis of pulsation
Second order moment of an analyzed object:
Return number of pixels along x-axis
Returns number of pixels along y-axis
Returns area of an object
Returns orientation of an object
Results of image power
To darken an image
to brighten an image
Shrink edges of an image
To brighten a central part of an image
Artificial Intelligence methods are useless when:
Relation between data is described by a set of rules “if…then…”
Relation between data is unknown
Relation between is described by mathematical equations
Relation between is described by a set of cases
Increasing the window length for the short-term Fourier transform results in
Higher resolution in frequency domain
Phase change
Aliasing
Higher resolution in time domain
In vibrating mechanical system solutions are…
Imaginary poles
Hybrid poles
Complex poles
Real poles
Dynamic object is described by…
Harmonic frequency
Characteristic frequency
Forced Frequency
Natural frequency
Filtration process
Is carried out in time domain
Does not change the phase of the singal
None of the above
Is to calculate the signal spectrum
What parameter is NOT used in stopping criteria of training process?
Number of epochs
Error value of training data
Value of error surface gradient
Value of the weights correction
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