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5th Year Ecology Definitions

What is the definition of Ecology?
The study of how organisms interact with eachother and their environment.
What is the definition of Biosphere?
The parts of the Earth that contain living things.
What is the definition of Ecosystem?
A group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their environment as a unit.
What is the definition of Habitat?
The place where an organism lives.
What is the definition of Species?
A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
What is definition of Population?
All the members of a species living together in an area.
What is the definition of Community?
All the different populations in an area.
What is the definition of Niche?
The functional role of an organism in its habitat.
What is the definition if an Abiotic Factor?
The non-living components of a habitat that effect the life and distribution of organisms.
What is the definition of a Biotic Factor?
The living components of a habitat that effect the life and distribution of organisms.
What is the definition of a Producer?
Organisms that make their own food by photosynthesis.
What is the definition of a Consumer?
Organisms that feed on other organisms. They cannot make their own food.
What is the definition of a Food Chain?
Is one species at each trophic level.
What is the definition if Trophic Level?
The step in a food chain in which an organism obtains its own food.
What is the definition of Food Web?
Consists of two or more interconnected food chains showing more than one species at each trophic level.
What is the definition of Pyramid of Numbers?
A food chain in the form of a bar chart where the area of the bar corresponds to the number of organisms at that trophic level.
What is the definition of Nutrient Recycling?
The exchanging of elements between the living and non-living components of the ecosystem
What is the definition of Nitrogen Fixation?
The conversion of Nitrogen Gas to Nitrates by Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria
What is the definition of Nitrification?
The Conversion of Ammonia to Nitrates by Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria
What is the definition of De-Nitrification?
The conversion of Nitrates to Nitrogen Gas by Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria.
What is the definition of Competition?
Occurs when two or more organisms struggle for a resource that is in short supply.
What is the definition of Intra-Specific Competition?
A struggle for a resource that is in short supplybetween members of the same species.
What is the definition of Inter-Specific Competition?
A struggle for a resource that is in short supply between members of different species.
What is the definition of Competition Avoidance?
No struggle for resource is necessary?
What is the definition of Contest Competition?
When organisms actively struggle for a resource in short supply with only one winner
What is the definition of Scramble Competition?
When organisms struggle for a resource in short supply however no physical struggle takes place. Each organism takes as much of a scarce resource as possible.
What is the definition of Symbiosis?
A relationship between two organisms of different species in which at least one benefits.
What is the definition of Mutualism?
A relationship between two organisms of different species in which both benefit.
What is the definition of Commensalism?
A relationship between two organisms of different species in which one benefits and the other neither benefits or is harmed.
What is the definition of Parasitism?
A relationship between two organisms of a different species in which one lives in or on another and does it harm.
What is the definition of Predation?
The hunting, killing, catching and eating of another organism.
What is the definition of A Predator?
An organism that hunts, catches, kills and eats another organism.
What is the definition of Prey?
AN organism that is hunted, caught and killed by a predator.
What is the definition of Conservation?
The wise management of natural resources.
What is the definition of Pollution?
The human addition of harmful substances to the environment.
What is the definition of A Pollutant?
The harmful substance produced by humans that harms the environment.
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