Petroleum Final
Petroleum Systems Quiz
Test your knowledge of petroleum systems and geology with our comprehensive quiz! This quiz features 19 challenging questions that evaluate your understanding of various concepts, from petroleum geology to reservoir characteristics.
Whether you're a student, teacher, or industry professional, this quiz offers a great opportunity to enhance your knowledge or review key concepts in the field of petroleum systems.
- 19 detailed questions
- Multiple choice format
- Designed for students and professionals alike
Which of the following scenarios constitutes a complementary play?
A trend of seismically-defined fault traps in an untested basin that has active oil seeps in outcrops on the basin margin
Promising drill cutting indicators of hydrocarbon presence near the subcrop edge of a reservoir unit that hosts producing gas fields in structural traps in the basin center
A group of mapped reservoir sands with local depositional pinch-outs, downdip of a coeval reservoir that hosts producing oil pools in updip stratigraphic pinch-out traps
A play map for the synrift Brae faulted anticline oil play of the North Sea Viking Graben is UNLIKELY to include
Isopach of Cretaceous chalks
Paleogeography of the Brae submarine fan system
Distribution of Zechstein salt domes
Isomaturity contours for the Late Jurassic Draupne source rock
Which of the following petroleum system extents is not determined by the Critical Moment?
The Stratigraphic Extent
The Geographic Extent
The Temporal Extent
In the case of the Jurassic Tuwaiq-Arab petroleum system (which we discussed in class), understanding of the Late Devonian Hercynian Orogeny is critical because
Hercynian tectonism created basement structures that localized overlying drape folds in the Jurassic succession
Hercynian mountains were the source of sediment for the Jurassic reservoirs
Hercynian faults form migration pathways from the Tuwaiq source rock to the Arab reservoirs
A well with the unique well identifier of 102/05-11-018-13W5/00 is located in Township number
18
11
13
5
The probability of forming an economic accumulation of oil and gas is increased when
Reservoir rocks are deposited after source rocks
Faulting occurs after seal rocks are deposited
Generation occurs after tectonism ceases
The Critical Moment occurs after traps are formed
The aspects of continental rift basin formation that are most important to petroleum systems development include
Alluvial fans adjacent to faults make good reservoirs, post-rift subsidence creates basin for thick overburden deposits, source rocks deposited before structural traps form
Rapid subsidence, post-rift chalk deposition for excellent reservoir rocks, and thick evaporite deposition for seal rocks
High heat flow, lake and restricted marine settings for source rock deposition, and normal faulting
The Western Canada retroarc foreland basin is broader than many foreland basins because
Mantle flow beneath the craton spreads the effect of dynamic subsidence across the western half of North America
The interior seaway connected the Boreal Sea to the early Gulf of Mexico and the added mass of water contributed to subsidence
The cold and thick lithosphere adjacent to the orogenic belt has a high flexural rigidity
Translational (strike-slip) basins are conducive to the development of effective petroleum systems because
The weathering and erosion of positive flower structures provide abundant sediment for reservoir and seal rocks
Negative flower structures pull the source rocks toward regions of higher basement heat flow
Strike-slip basins always have high heat flow for petroleum generation
The restricted circulation in pull-apart basins promotes the preservation of organic matter in lacustrine or restricted marine source rocks
During catagenesis, the process of pyrolysis involves
Spontaneous combustion of petroleum
Converting humin into kerogen
Using thermal energy to break bonds in the kerogen macromolecule
Polymerizing long-chain hydrocarbon molecules
One popular model of primary migration of light oil from a thermally-mature source rock involves natural hydraulic fracturing. The brittle failure of the source rock is due to
Volume increase in generated hydrocarbon is more rapid than the rate of volume loss through flow
Plugging of shale micropores by high molecular weight hydrocarbons
Pore pressure increase due to compression of generated hydrocarbon
Secondary migration will be most effective when (choose the best answer)
Natural gas migrates through a water-wet, coarse-grained sandstone carrier bed
Light oil migrates through a water-wet, very fine-grained sandstone carrier bed
Heavy (dense, viscous) oil migrates through a water-wet, coarse-grained sandstone carrier bed
During the diagenesis stage, which of the following groups of processes are involved in the conversion of biomass to kerogen?
Oxidation, dissolution, and solubilization
Fractionation, respiration, and hydrolysis
Digestion, fermentation, and resorption
Which of the following settings is most conducive for the deposition and preservation of gas-prone source rocks?
Back-reef lagoon in a carbonate bank
Silled marine basin with restricted outflow (e.g., Black Sea)
Deep marine shelf and prodelta at the foot of a major delta (e.g., Mississippi, Niger, Ganges river deltas)
Open continental shelf subject to coastal upwelling (e.g., Barents Sea)
You’re visually analyzing a particular lithology from a wireline well log with the following characteristics (note: the neutron and density porosities are calculated with respect to limestone [2710 kg/m3]):• gamma-ray [GR] = 13 • deep resistivity [RILD] = 325 • PE = 3.1 b/e • neutron porosity [NPHI] = 0.12 • density porosity [DPHI] = 0.045
Coal
Dolomite
Limestone
Sandstone
Which of the following statements best explains how an understanding of modern clastic depositional environments contributes to the characterization of a petroleum reservoir
Studying modern depositional environments provides a comparative model that can be used to predict the distribution of reservoir facies in the subsurface based on sparse sampling from boreholes
Studying modern depositional environments provides a database of lateral and vertical thickness characteristics for different facies
Studying modern depositional environments provides an understanding of the grain size and sorting that determines storage and flow capacity in ancient deposits
The limits of a conventional hydrocarbon accumulation (e.g: the oil-water contact) in a fault-dependant structural trap are most commonly defined by: (choose best answer)
The tip line of the bounding fault
The lowest elevation of a highside independent closure
The highest point along the bounding fault where the juxtaposition of lithologies on either side of the fault does not provide cross-seal
Which of the following sedimentary rock samples is most likely to have the best storage and flow capacity? (choose the best / most likely answer)
Sandstone: average grain size = 1.25 phi units; sorting = 1.7; 28% diagenetic smectite as a pore-lining phase
Sandstone: average grain size = 2.75 phi units; sorting = 0.7; 4% diagenetic smectite as a pore-lining phase
Sandstone: average grain size = 3.0 phi units; sorting = 0.3; 0.5% diagenetic smectite as a pore-lining phase
Several criteria provide evidence that the trapping mechanism is, at the very least, partially determined by either syndepositional and postdepositional depositional and stratigraphic processes. Which of the following is NOT evidence of a stratigraphic trapping mechanism?
Juxtaposition of permeable vs. Impermeable facies across a fault plane
Oil-water contact in the pool does not conform to structural contours
Stratigraphic correlation indicates a reservoir unit gradationally downlaps onto a source rock unit
Borehole data indicate a progressive lateral increase in anhydrite cement in a platform carbonate reservoir unit
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