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Oral Path Final Chapter 1-10

Which condition is NOT diagnosed through clinical appearance?

Compound odontoma

Black hairy tongue

Fordyce granules

Mandibular tori

Which condition is diagnosed through clinical appearance?

Traumatic bone cyst

Periapical cemento-osseous

Dysplasia

Unerupted mesiodens

Fordyce granules

Retrocuspid papillae are located on the

Palate

Floor of the mouth

Canine eminence

Gingival margin of the lingual aspect of mandibular cuspids

A lesion with a stemlike base is described as

Lobulated

Pedunculated

Macular

Sessile

Which papillae are elongated in the condition black hairy tongue?

Fungiform

Filiform

Foliate

Circumvallate

When formation of exudate is excessive, a drainage tract may develop through the injured tissue. This channel is termed

Emigration

Erythema

Leukocytosis

A fistula

Neutrophils constitute what percentage of the entire white blood cell population?

90%

65%

20%

Excessive scarring in skin is termed

Healing by tertiary intention

A hematoma

Healing by primary intention

A keloid

Aspirin burn on the oral mucosa

requires a biopsy for diagnosis

Is painless

Caused by placing aspirin on the tooth with pain, causing necrotic tissue

Caused by ingestion of too many aspirin tablets

In the acute inflam. process, 2nd type of white blood cell to emigrate from the blood vessel into the injured tissue is

Lymphocyte

Plasma cell

Neutrophil

Macrophage

The breakdown of cellular adhesion between epithelial cells is termed

Anaphylaxis

Nikolsky sign

Acantholysis

Cell-mediated immunity

In which type of immune response do B-lymphocytes and antibodies play the predominant role?

Passive immunity

Humoral immunity

Immune complex

Cell-mediated immunity

Which is an example of type 1 hypersensitivity?

Serum sickness

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Asthma

Immune complexes between microorganisms and blood

A prodomal period begins

The day the ulcers erupt

1 to 2 days before the onset of ulcers

1 week before the onset of ulcers

7 to 10 days before ulcers erupt

Wickham striae is a term used to describe the oral mucosal lesions of

Erythema multiforme

Lichen planus

Frictional keratosis

Linea alba

Sjogren syndrome is a(n)

Type of langerhans cell disease

Form of apthous ulcers

Allergic reaction

Autoimmune disease that affects the salivary and lacrimal glands

Treatment for Pemphigus Vulgaris includes

Antiviral drugs

Antibiotics

Antihistimines

High doses of systemic corticosteroids

The diagnosis of Behcet syndrome requires which considerations?

A history of pemphigus vulgaris

A biopsy

The presence of all three manifestations

Two of the three principal manifestations

This explosively onset condition features target, iris, or bullseye lesions.

SLE

Contact dermatitis

Erythema Multiforme

Lichen Planus

The diagnosis of type of apthous ulcers is made on the basis of their clinical appearance, location, and a

Laboratory test

Radiographic examination

Therapeutic result

Patient history

Which of these conditions are related to heart valve damage?

Geographic tongue

Scarlet fever

Strawberry tongue

Rheumatic fever

Which condition is associated with scarlet fever?

Strawberry tongue

Scrofula

Median rhomboid glossitis

Black hairy tongue

The most common site(s) for oral lesions in tuberculosis is(are) the

Uvula & fauces

Floor of the mouth & mucobuccal folds

Gingiva

Tongue & palate

Which statement is NOT true about syphilis?

The antibody titer increases if treatment has been successful

The VDRL & FTA-ABS tests are commonly used to confirm the diagnosis

It is generally treated with penicillin

Dark-field examination may be used to diagnose syphilitic lesions on skin

Which condition does NOT contribute to the overgrowth of Candida Albicans?

Angioedema

Cancer chemotherapy

Dentures

Antibiotic therapy

The varicella-zoster virus causes a highly contagious disease in children termed

Measles

Mumps

Chickenpox

Shingles

Herpangina is caused by which virus

Coxsackievirus

Varicella-zoster virus

Epstein-Barr virus

Herpes simplex virus

In HIV infection, which test identifies the viral titer rather than circulating antibody?

PCR

Western blot

ELISA

VDRL

In herpes labialis, the amount of virus present is highest in the ______ stage.

Healing

Vesicle

Prodromal

Crusted

The unilateral eruption of vesicles along the distribution of a sensory nerve seen in this adult patient is a feature of

Herpes zoster or shingles

Varicella-zoster or chickenpox

Minor apthous ulcers

Recurrent intraoral herpes simplex

The lesions seen in this illustration most commonly appear in patients with HIV. What is the clinical diagnosis?

Apthous ulcer

Kaposi sarcoma

Lymphoma

Candidiasis

Which form of candidiasis is most asymptomatic?

Angular cheilitis

Chronic atrophic candidiasis

Erythematous

Pseudomembranous

An erythematous, often rhombus-shaped, flat-to-raised area on the midline of the posterior dorsal tongue describes

Hairy leukoplakia

Recurrent herpes simplex infection

Geographic tongue

Median rhomboid glossitis

Why is hairy leukoplakia a significant clinical finding in persons with HIV disease?

It may represent a malignancy of the tongue

Hairy leukoplakia may affect the function of the taste buds

Its presence suggests poor oral hygiene

It is considered a predictor of the developement of AIDS

Intraoral lesions of Kaposi sarcoma are often found in which two sites?

Uvula & posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Palate & gingiva

Gingiva & floor of the mouth

Labial mucosa & interdental papilla

Which epithelium-lined tract is a developmental anomaly located in the corners of the mouth?

Congenital lip pit

Fistula

Angular cheilitis

Commissural lip pit

The most common cyst observed in the oral cavity is caused by pulpal inflammation and is called a(n) ________ cyst.

Primordial

Radicular

Eruption

Dentigerous

On xrays, this radiolucent cyst is often heart shaped, caused by the anatomic Y shape of the area. Whats it called?

Globulomaxillary

Nasolabial

Median palatine

Nasopalatine canal

What pseudocyst filled with salivary gland tissue may be an extension of the sublingual gland?

Traumatic bone cyst

Lymphoepithelial cyst

Static bone cyst

Ranula

What is the most common supernumerary tooth?

Turner tooth

Mulberry molar

Mesiodens

Distomolar

Dens in dente is often seen in conjuction with

Supernumerary roots

Tuberculated premolars

A periapical lesion

Extra cusps

Which term defines a disturbance of the maturation of the enamel matrix?

Enamel hypocalcification

Premature birth

Mulberry molar

Turner tooth

Regional odontodysplasia is also referred to as

Supernumerary teeth

Taurodontism

Ghost teeth

Hypodontia

Which term describes a disorder caused by abnormalities in the genetic makeup transmitted from patent to offspring?

Developemental

Congenital

Inherited

Anomaly

Odontogenic keratocysts are a clinical component of

Gardner syndrome

Cherubism

Neurofibromatosis

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

Primitive germ cells have ____ chromosomes and are termed _________.

46; haploid

23; haploid

23;diploid

46; diploid

Most cases of down syndrome are associated with

Overproduction of progesterone

Smoking during pregnancy

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Late maternal age at the time of conception

The majority of patients with Turner Syndrome have a _______ phenotype and _________ chromosomes.

Female;45

Male;44

Female;46

Male;36

Cyclic neutropenia is characterized by

Severe ulcerative gingivitis or gingivostomatitis

Deletion on the long arm of chromosome 11 regions 14-21

Inherited as an autosomal recessive condition

Episodes that generally persist for 21 to 27 days

How will radiographs of a patient with Cherubism appear?

Many unerupted supernumerary teeth throughout

Reveals a typical soap-bubble or multilocular appearance

Calcified structures in maxilla

Shorted roots and taurodontism

A patient with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome will

Show polydactyly on the radial side of the forearm

Lack an anterior maxillary vestibular sulcus

Be a little person

Lack a posterior mandibular sulcus

Telangiectasias of the oral mucosa for a pt with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia will be prominent in which area

Tip and anterior dorsum of the tongue

Palate

Gingiva

Buccal mucosa

Includes multiple melanotic macular pigmentations of the skin and mucosa, associated with gastrointestinal polyposis

Olser-Rendu-Parkes Weber syndrome

Gorlin syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Van der Woude syndrome

Snow-capped amelogenesis imperfecta is a variation of type _____ amelogenesis imperfecta.

1; hypoplastic

2;hypocalcified

3;hypomaturation

4;hypoplastic-hypomaturation

Frontal bossing, depressed nasal bridge, protuberant lips, and almost complete lack of scalp hair are characteristics of

Dentin dysplasia

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

Hypophosphatasia

Hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets

A benign tumor of bone is called

Osteogenic sarcoma

Osteoma

Chondroma

Carcinoma

A papilloma is a _____ tumor derived from ________ epithelium.

Malignant, odontogenic

Malignant, squamous

Benign; squamous

Benign; salivary gland

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral epithelium usually metastasizes first to which site?

Spleen

Liver

Lymph Nodes

Lungs

"Keratin pearls" are a characteristic feature of

Basal cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Monomorphic adenoma

Pleomorphic adenoma

Basal cell carcinoma is a ______ tumor that ______ in the oral cavity.

Benign; does not occur

Benign; occurs

Malignant; does not occur

Malignant; occurs

Which is the most common salivary gland neoplasm?

Monomorphic adenoma

Pleomorphic adenoma

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Which is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor found in children?

Pleomorphic adenoma

Monomorphic adenoma

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

An ameloblastoma

May cause expansion of bone

Is commonly known as Pindborg tumor

Is a benign, encapsulated tumor

Occurs exclusively in the mandible

Ghost cells are a characteristic of which lesion?

Ameloblastoma

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

Calcifying odontogenic cyst

A compound odontoma

Appears as a radiolucent mass surrounded by a thin radiopaque halo

Appears as a cluster of miniature teeth surrounded by a radiolucent halo

Usually occurs in the posterior mandible

A mass of enamel, dentin, and pulp that does not resemble a normal tooth

The central cemento ossifying fibroma is most likely derived from which cells?

Cells of the periodontal ligament

Osteoblasts

Odontoblasts

Ameloblasts

A lipoma

Occurs most often in men over 60

Is found most commonly intraorally on the tongue

A yellowish mass surfaced by a thin layer of epithelium

Is a tumor of the peripheral nerve tissue

Which statement about hemangiomas is true?

Response to trauma & abnormal proliferation of blood vessels during healing

Variably sized, deep red or blue lesions that do not blanch with pressure

More common in boys than girls

The gingiva is the most common location

Kaposi sarcoma is

Eca malignant striated muscle tumor

Most commonly seen intraorally on the tongue

Seen only in association with HIV infection

Caused by a human herpesvirus

Which statement about melanoma is true?

Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is rare

Most malignant melanomas arise on the skin as a result of chemical exposure

The most common intraoral location is the tongue

It has a benign counterpart known as benign melanoma

Which statement is true of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia?

Older lesions are primarily radiopaque

Teeth in the area are usually not vital

The lesion is painful and occurs most often in the posterior maxilla

It is a neoplasm

Surgical treatment would most likely be recommended for a patient with _______ dysplasia.

Periapical cemento-osseous

Florid cemento-osseous

Focal cemento-osseous

Fibrous

Characteristics of monostotic fribrous dysplasia include that

It is commonly diagnosed in middle-aged women

It involves multiple bones

It involves a painful swelling or bulging of the buccal plate

The expansion may lead to malocclusion, tipping, or displacement of teeth

Paget disease of bone

Results in shrinkage of affected bone

May reveal a cotton-wool appearance on radiographs

Is painless

Typically occurs in childrem under the age of 18

Numerous gritty pieces of soft & hard tissue containing firbous connectice tissue is a feature of what condition?

Ossifying fibroma

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia

Central cementifying fibroma

Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia

Giant cell granulomas located in the gingiva & alveolar mucosa are termed ____; in the maxilla or mandible they are ____

Central; peripheral

Peripheral; peripheral

Peripheral;central

Central;central

Osteomalacia is a disease of the bone that develops over a long period as a result of iron deficiency.

True

False

Osteomalacia may cause delayed tooth eruption & periodontal disease

True

False

"Ground glass" is the classic radiographic description of

Florid cemento-osseous

Dysplasia

Fibrous dysplasia

Paget disease of bone

What is the difference between diagnosis of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia & florid cemento-osseous dysplasia?

Symptoms may vary from asypmtomatic to extremely painful

The two conditions have various radiographic appearance

Periapical COD affects only black females; florid affects all ethnicities

Florid COD affects more than 1 quad of the max. & mand. Including posterior

Characteristics of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia include the following EXCEPT one. Which is the exception?

Seen in association with skin lesions

Occurs in children under 10 years of age

Male predilection

Most cases are asymptomatic

What is the most common cause of hyperpituitarism?

Hyperglycemia

Pituitary adenoma

Hypercalcemia

Hepatomegaly

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?

An autoimmune disorder

Pituitary gland disease

Benign & malignant tumors

Hyperplasia of the gland

Which of these statements about Diabetes 1 is true?

It can be complicated by polydipsia, polyuria, & polyphagia

The onset is gradual & usually diagnosed between ages 45 and 50

About 30% of patient with diabetes have type 1

It is also called non-insulin-dependent

Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency of instrinsic factor, which is secreted by

The adrenal glands

The gallbladder

Parietal cells of the stomach

Beta cells of the pancreas

A megaloblastic anemia is characterized by red blood cells that are

Macrocytic and have nuclei

Microcytic and have nuclei

Hyperchromic and macrocytic

Hypochromis and macrocytic

What is thalassemia?

Caused by an increase in the number of circulating red blood cells

Caused by a severe depression of bone marrow activity

A disorder of hemoglobin synthesis

Caused by abnormal hemoglobin in red blood cells

Leukopenia most commonly involves

Basophils

Eosinophils

Monocytes

Neutrophils

This is a malignant neoplasm of the hematopoietic stem cells characterized by abnormal amount of white blood cells

DiGeorge syndrome

Thrombocytopenic purpura

Hemophilia

Leukemia

Plummer-Vinson syndrome can develop as a result of long-standing _____ anemia.

Aplastic

Thalassemia

Iron-deficiency

Pernicious

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the

Spine of the sphenoid bone

External acoustic meatus

Glenoid fossa of the temporal bone

Zygomatic process of the temporal bone

Clicking and popping most commonly reflect

Trismus

Malocclusion

Disc displacement with reduction

Parafunctional habits such as bruxism and clenching

The purpose of the synovial fluid is to

Seperate forces resulting from movement

Govern mandibular movement

Divide the space in the upper and lower compartments

Provide nourishment & lubrication

The most common systemic conditions that affect the TMJ are

Ankylosing spondylitis

Gout & Reiter syndrome

Rheumatoid arthritis & juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Sjogren syndrome & scleroderma

The TMJ exhibits ginglymoarthrodial, or _________, movement.

Maximal interdigitation

Closing

Opening

Rotational and translational

__________ ankylosis is the most common type seen in the TMJ.

Bony extraarticular

Fibrotic extraarticular

Bony intraarticular

Fibrotic intraarticular

Children are __ prone to TMJ ankylosis because of greater osteogenic potential and __ developement of the joint meniscus

Less; less

Less; more

More; less

More; more

The three elevator muscles of mastication that close the mandible are the masseter, medial pterygoid, and the _______.

Mylohyoid

Anterior digastric

Temporalis

Lateral pterygoid

Which term describes the inability to fully open the mouth?

Crepitus

Fusion

Articulation

Trismus

What is the most likely cause of TMD?

Third molar extractions

Malocclusion

Trauma

Stress

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