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A medical illustration featuring the respiratory system and a representation of diabetes, with a focus on disease mechanisms and symptoms, in a vibrant and educational style.

Diabetes and Respiratory Quiz

Test your knowledge on diabetes, respiratory conditions, and related pathologies with our comprehensive quiz. This quiz covers key symptoms, mechanisms, and treatment options of various conditions including asthma, COPD, and more.

29 engaging questions
Multiple-choice format
Assess your understanding of important medical concepts

29 Questions7 MinutesCreated by AnalyzingLung24

Possible symptoms of diabetes insipidus

Decreased urination

Polydipsia

Peripheral tissue edema

Astenuria

Possible symptoms of hypercortisolism

Skin bruising

Hypoglycemia

Depression

Muscle weakness of fingers and toes

Indicate correctly true facts about pheochromocytoma

Is a tumor of the cortex of adrenal gland

Among released hormone, adrenaline is released in the greatest

Clinical symptoms resemble parasympathetic system hyperactivity

Typical symptoms include episodic hypertension and headaches

What are the possible symptoms of hypothyroidism at different age

Adult patients presents often with fatique, lethargy and gradual weight gain

Subcutaneous obturation by undigested lipids and cholesterol that bind water that causes pretibial myxedema that is responsible for the thickened features of patients limbs

Infants may present with feeding problems, hypotonia and deurinal activity

Increased blood pressure and preterm puberty may occur in children

The bronchial obstruction in asthmatic attack can be characterized as follows

Sudden onset, mild, shortly, mostly reversible

Sudden, severe, shortly, mostly irreversible

Sudden, severe, shortly, mostly reversible

Insidous, severe, shortly, mostly reversible

The bronchial obstruction in reaction to cold air inhalation

Is expressed by the slowly developing feeling of tightness in the chest

Can be sensed as sudden pain in the chest

Characterizes only patients with bronchial hyperreactivity to cold-air (non-atopic asthma)

Protects the lower airways from excessive cooling

In COPD

Chronic bronchitis leads to irreversible narrowing of the bronchi

Long standing asthma due to its chronic course may lead to bronchial narrowing, identical to this caused by chronic bronchitis

Initial stages of ephysema may mimick obstructive symptoms due to the loss of lung retractability

Chronic bronchitis and emphysema may occasionally coexist

Typical mechanism in

Asthma is resulting from bronchial spasm

Chronic bronchitis is caused by fibrotic changes in bronchial wall

Emphysema is resulting from the pulmonary interstitium fibrotic strucure damage

Asthma is resulting from the inflammatory swelling

Is it not true that hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Is a disease included in COPD syndrome

Is based on the type 1 hypersensitivity reaction

Is a disease closely resembeling asthma

Is a restrictive disease

Ventilation problems resulting from

The chest postural malformations have more serious consequences in men than in women

Dysfunction of central nervous system are typical for peripheral sleep apnea

Inflammatory obliteration of pleural cavity are usually fatal

Abdominal obesity usually increase in recumbent position

Normally mucus in respiratory tract

Is colonized by bacteria

Covers its entire surface

Is evacuated mostly by the cough reflex

Forms a barrier for infectious agents

Asthma

Is a disease closely related to hypersensitivity pneumonitis

During its course may lead to extensive remodeling of the bronchial wall

Is not a disease based on inflammation

Can be IgE independent

Hemothorax

Due to lung infarct

Complicates tuberculosis

Can occur during severe injury

Is always associated with pneumothorax

Prolactinoma

Makes galactorrhea

One symptom is anovulatory cycle

Decreases libido

Makes up 60% of all pituitary tumors

Cushing disease - symptoms

Hypoglycemia

Striae and skin bruising

Increased tanning of skin, buccal mucosa

Hypertension

In upper respiratory tract

Infections usually due to bacteria

Can be chronic

Can not lead to COPD

Pneumonia can be fatal even if treated with antibiotics

Asthma

Over the years bronchial remodeling may cause development of the typical obstructive disease

Bronchial hyper-reactivity is responsible for pathology and inflammation is an important triggering factor

Among the most important treatment is administration of anti-inflammatory medication

The first phases of the disease are characterized by temporary exacerbations leading to

Inhalation of toxic substances may lead to pathologies in the:

Upper airways

Bronchi

Interstitial lung tissue

Pleura

In the upper airways

. Most of the pathologies are of very mild character

There is no treatment required for any type of infection

the acute epiglottitis is a disease caused by Streptococcus pneumonia

D. Inflammations can be of acute as well as chronic character

Major defensive role in the airways is played by the

Ciliated epithelium removing the pathogens attaching to it

secretory IgA neutralizing pathogens in the mucus by opsonization and agglutination (

Constitutive presence of neutrophiles in the mucus membrane

Chemical compounds of the mucous of direct antimicrobial activity

Allergic desensitization

Is based on repeated administration very low doses of allergen to the patient

Can lead to the marked reduction of the anti-allergic medication need in the patient

Possible acts trough the increase of the allergen specific IgG level

. If improperly administered may lead to the patient’s death tough anaphylactic shock

Major differences between the early stage of bronchial asthma and COPD are related:

Existence of inflammation in the bronchi

. Characteristics of bronchial obstruction

Severity of dyspnoea

Involvement of bronchial Smooth muscle spasm in generation of symptoms

COPD can include

Early stages of chronic bronchitis

Late stages of sinusitis

Advances emphysema

Early bronchial asthma

Bronchial obstruction may develop based on the following

Smooth muscle spasm

Swelling of the bronchial wall

Fibrotic changes and overgrowth of the bronchial wall

Mucus overproduction / accumulation

In ventilation

The inspiration can be of driven by the diaphragm and abdominal muscle spasm

The inspiratory phase can be deteriorated by recumbent position, especially in obesity

The retractability of the lung is important for inspiration

The normal passive expiration can be augmented by the increased abdominal pressure

Atelectasis

In hyaline membrane syndrome is a result of decrease perfusion

In hyaline membrane syndrome is of a dispersed nature

Of the resorption type involves the whole lungs

Of the compression type can be accompanied by the decrease of perfusion

Possible causes of different types of atelectasis are

. compression - presence of fluid in pleural cavity

Resorption - total obstruction of the bronchus

. contraction - fibrotic changes in the lung

Microatelectasis - deficiency of surfactant

Sleep apnoea

can be a cause of serious cardiologic consequences (cor pulmonale)

Of obstructive type is caused by inadequate passage of the air in the airways during sleep

can be a cause of serious neuropsychological defects

Of central type had no pathologic consequences

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Diabetes and Respiratory Quiz

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