Quiz 3 Respiratory System
Quiz on the Respiratory System
Test your knowledge about the respiratory system with this comprehensive quiz consisting of 79 questions! From the anatomy of the lungs to the diseases that affect breathing, challenge yourself and enhance your understanding of this vital biological system.
Key features of the quiz include:
- Multiple-choice questions
- Detailed insights on respiratory health
- Ideal for students and enthusiasts alike
Rales are
High-pitched sounds heard usually on exhalation only
High-pitched sounds heard on both inhalation and exhalation
Crackle sounds in the lungs heard during inhalation
Snoring-like sounds
Symptoms of latent pulmonary tuberculosis infection could include
Fever
Productive cough
Night sweats
Non of the above - there are no symptoms in the early stage of tuberculosis
Which of the following structures is part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveoli
Bronchi
None of the above
A tracheostomy is
A tube surgically placed into the trachea
Removal of the trachea
A tube placed in the nasal cavity
The passageway from the throat into the lungs
Acute laryngitis is usually caused by
Air pollution
Smoking
Asbestos fibers
A viral or bacterial infection
Dysphagia, a supressed immune system, muscular dystrophy and smoking all make a person more susceptible to which respiratory disorder?
Pneumonia
Emphysema
Lung cancer
Asthma
Chemoreceptor cells that detect changes in carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood are located in the
Brainstem
Carotid arteries
Aorta
All of the above
Smoking causes respiratory diseases because
Debris collects in the lungs because the activity of lung macrophages is decreased and cilia are paralysed and destroyed
Carcinogens in tobacco cause DNA mutations in lung cells
Irritation of lung tissue causes inflammation
All of the above
Emphysema is caused by
Destruction of the alveoli
Constriction of bronchioles
Inflammation of the bronchi
Air entering the pleural space
During forced expiration
The diaphragm contracts
Internal intercostal and abdominal muscles contract
External intercostal muscles contract
All of the air is forced out of the lungs
The trachea does not collapse because it is
Located within the lungs
Made of smooth muscle
Surrounded by ribs
held open by C-shaped cartilage rings
Hypoventilation is
Rapid and/or deep breathing
Slow and/or shallow breathing
Normal breathing
No breathing
Which of the following statements about Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is true?
The most common COPD diseases are emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
People with COPD are at increased risk of developing heart disease and lung cancer.
COPD diseases block the flow of air from the lungs.
All of the above statements are true.
Lung surfactant
Reduces friction between the lung and the chest wall during breathing
Cleans the alveoli of debris
Prevents food from entering the respiratory tract
Reduces the surface tension within alveoli to prevent the alveoli from collapsing
In the lungs, exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs between capillaries and
Bronchi
The trachea
All bronchioles
Alveoli
Tidal volume is the volume of
Air remaining in the lungs after expiration
Air that moves into and out of the with each breath
Air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration
Water that moves in the Bay of Fundy
Pharyngitis is
Inflammation of the throat
A sinus infection
Loss of smell
An ancient Egyptian Illness
Which of the following are symptoms of respiratory disease?
Clubbing
Cyanosis
Fatigue
All of the above
The pleural membrane
Lines the inside of the lungs
Lines the inside of all respiratory organs
Contracts to allow air into and out of the lungs
Secretes a serous fluid to allow the lungs to glide against the chest wall
Hypoxemia is
High oxygen levels in blood
Low oxygen levels in blood
Blue colour in the nail beds and lips
Low levels of carbon dioxide
The pleural space
Has a negative pressure that holds the lungs tightly to the chest wall
Has a positive pressure to push air out of the lungs
Is the positive pressure of the air inside of the alveoli
is not important for breathing
A lower respiratory tract disease would involve which of the following structures?
Sinuses
Pharynx
Bronchioles
Larynx
Which of the following statements about asthma is true?
There is very little evidence to suggest that asthma is related to genetic factors.
Asthma is linked to environmental factors such as exposure to second hand smoke.
Asthma is inconvenient but not life-threatening.
Asthma is less common in people with developmental disabilities than in the general population.
A Mantoux test
Is a vaccine for pulmonary tuberculosis
Is an injection of antibodies for pulmonary tuberculosis
Detects the presence of antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis
Detects the presence of active pulmonary tuberculosis
Which of the following chemicals in blood will affect breathing?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Oxygen (O2)
Hydrogen ions (H+)
all of the above
Which of the following is an example of the lower respiratory tract disorder?
Sinus infection
Laryngitis
Asthma
Pharyngitis
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a serious respiratory disorder because
Alveoli are destroyed causing the lungs to over-inflate
Lesions form in the lungs causing the death of lung tissue
Bronchioles become inflamed and constricted making it difficult to breathe
Fluid accumulates in the lungs impairing gas exchange
Acute bronchitis
Is caused by fluid in the alveoli
Is inflammation of the bronchi caused by a viral infection
Causes permanent structural changes in the bronchioles
Is usually caused by smoking
During normal inspiration (breathing in)
The diaphragm contracts and flattens
The diaphragm relaxes and flattens
The space in the thoracic cavity decreases drawing air into the lungs
the external intercostal muscles contract pushing the ribcage up and outward
Which of the following structures is part of the respiratory zone of the respiratory system?
All bronchioles
Bronchi
Alveoli
Trachea
Which areas of the brain are primarily responsible for controlling breathing?
Pons and medulla (brainstem)
Frontal cortex
Hippocampus
Primary motor cortex
Treatment of respiratory disease
Must include treating the underlying cause
Is primarily concerned with adequate oxygen saturation in the blood
Usually involves curing the disease
Is usually not possible
Hyperventilation is
Slow and/or shallow breathing
Rapid and/or deep breathing
Normal breathing
No breathing
The pleural space is the
Space within the alveoli
Space between the lungs and chest cavity wall
inside lining of the chest cavityv
Outer lining of the lung
The nasal cavity
Contains cells that produce mucous to moisten air and trap debris
Contains thin-walled veins that take up oxygen from the air
Contains olfactory receptors that extract oxygen from the air
Functions only as an entrance for air into the respiratory tract
Pneumonia is caused by
Aspiration of fluid or food into the respiratory passages
accumulation of mucous in the respiratory passages
A bacterial or viral infection in the respiratory passages
All of the above
During normal expiration (breathing out)
The space in the thoracic cavity decreases pushing air out of the lungs
The diaphragm relaxes and flattens
The external intercostal muscles contract
the internal intercostal muscles contract
Pneumonia is a medical concern because
The bronchioles constrict making it difficult to get air into and out of the lungs
the alveoli are destroyed causing the lungs to overinflate
Fluid in the alveoli prevents gas exchange and makes it difficult for the lung to expand
Permanent structural changes to the bronchi may occur
Which of the following may be triggers for an acute asthma attack?
Irritants such as smoke or dust
Allergies
Exercise or stress
All of the above
The main function of the sinuses is to
Moisten air
Increase resonance for speech
Trap debris
Collect debris in mucous
Asthma is
Destruction of the alveoli
Fluid in the bronchi and bronchioles
Inflammation and hypersensitivity of the bronchioles
Caused by a bacterial infection
The pharynx
Contains the vocal chords
Is a resonance chamber for speech
Is a common passageway for food and air
Connects to the bronchi in the lungs
Which of the following statements about lung structure is TRUE?
The amount of air the lungs can hold is the same in both large and small individuals.
The lungs take up about half of the chest cavity.
The lungs are protected by 12 pairs of ribs separated by intercostal muscles.
Each lung is subdivided into 3 lobes.
Inflammation and fluid accumulation in the alveoli is called
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Emphysema
Lung cancer
Pneumonia
An upper respiratory tract disease would involve which of the following structures?
Larynx
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
The vocal cords are contained within the
Trachea
Larynx
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Dyspnea is
A bluish colour of the skin caused by low oxygen in the blood
Difficult breathing
Difficulty breathing only when lying down
Temporary cessation of breathing
Why does a stab wound to the chest cause the lung to collapse?
infection develops within the intrapleural space
The intrapleural pressure increases
Pressure within the lung increases
The intrapleural pressure decreases
Constant irritation of the larynx by smoking or air pollution may cause
Laryngeal cancer
Permanent changes to the vocal chords
Chronic laryngitis
All of the above
Weight loss, fever, a productive cough and night sweats are all symptoms of which respiratory illness?
Chronic bronchitis
Acute bronchitis
Active pulmonary tuberculosis disease
Latent pulmonary tuberculosis infection
Which of the following statements about pulmonary TB is true?
People who have inhaled the bacteria and have a positive skin test are not necessarily contagious.
All people who come in contact with the TB bacteria will develop a TB infection.
If the immune system is able to control the TB bacteria, an active infection will not occur.
Once treated with antibiotics, active TB will not reoccur.
Cilia that line the nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles
Move debris laden mucous out of respiratory passages
Are unaffected by smoking
Are destroyed by smoking and will never regenerate
Warm the air as it travels through respiratory passages
A normal resting respiratory rate for a child would be
5-10 breaths per minute
12-18 breaths per minute
20-25 breaths per minute
25-30 breaths per minute
Which of the following statements about emphysema is NOT true?
Emphysema is almost always caused by smoking.
Emphysema is caused by the destruction of alveoli which results in poor oxygen delivery to tissues.
Emphysema causes air passages to collapse when breathing out and over inflation of the lungs.
Emphysema can be cured if an individual stops smoking.
Pneumonia is
An upper respiratory illness
A lower respiratory illness
Both an upper and lower respiratory tract illness
not a respiratory illness
Respiratory diseases are often treated with
Bronchodilator drugs
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Supplemental oxygen
All of the above
A decrease of oxygen in the blood would cause
An increase in the respiratory rate
A decrease in the respiratory rate
No change in the respiratory rate
Breathing to stop
Chronic bronchitis
Is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection within the bronchi
Has little effect on oxygen delivery to the body tissues
Causes abnormal thickening of the lining of the respiratory tract that may be permanent
Is usually successfully treated with antibiotics
Children exposed to second hand smoke are more at risk for
Ear infections
Asthma
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
All of the above
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is
Usually treatable with antibiotics
Usually caused by acute bacterial and viral infections
Mostly caused by first or second hand tobacco smoke
A specific respiratory illness that affects the trachea
An acute asthma attack
Is always triggered by exercise
Causes difficulty breathing
Is treated with inhaled medications that constrict bronchioles
Is not life-threatening
Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by
An airborne bacteria
An airborne virus
Bacteria contained in drinking water
An airborne fungus
Apnea is
A bluish colour of the skin caused by low oxygen in the blood
Low carbon dioxide in the blood
Crackle sounds in the lungs
Temporary cessation of breathing
The epiglottis
Vibrates to produce sounds
Covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing
Contains leukocytes that attack invading pathogens
Allows for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Stridor is
High-pitched sounds heard usually on exhalation only
High-pitched sounds heard on both inhalation and exhalation
Crackle sounds in the lungs
Snoring-like sounds
A tracheostomy
Must be sealed so that debris does not enter the respiratory tract
May be used to deliver food and medication
May require suctioning to remove mucous buildup
Allows a person to speak if the vocal chords are not functioning
Which of the following is the most important regulator of breathing?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Oxygen (O2)
Hydrogen ions (H+)
all of the above play an equal role in regulating breathing
Smoking (tobacco)
Is the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Increases the severity of even minor respiratory illnesses
Increases the risk of cancer even outside respiratory structures
All of the above
Which of the following does not occur within the conducting zone of the respiratory system?
Air is warmed
Air is moistened
Air is cleaned
Oxygen is removed from air
An increase of carbon dioxide in the blood would cause
An increase in the respiratory rate
A decrease in the respiratory rate
No change in the respiratory rate
Breathing to stop
Low pitched, rattling lung sounds that sound like snoring are called
Rales
Rhonchi
Stridor
Wheezes
A normal resting respiratory rate for an adult would be
5-10 breaths per minute
12-18 breaths per minute
20-25 breaths per minute
25-30 breaths per minute
Pneumonia is caused by
Aspiration of fluid or food into the respiratory passages
Accumulation of mucous in the respiratory passages
A bacterial or viral infection in the respiratory passages
All of the above
Which of the following chemicals in blood will affect breathing?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Oxygen (O2)
Hydrogen ions (H+)
All of the above
The pharynx
Contains the vocal chords
Is a resonance chamber for speech
Is a common passageway for food and air
connects to the bronchi in the lungs
Smoking causes respiratory diseases because
Debris collects in the lungs because the activity of lung macrophages is decreased and cilia are paralysed and destroyed
Carcinogens in tobacco cause DNA mutations in lung cells
Irritation of lung tissue causes inflammation
All of the above
The vocal cords are contained within the
Trachea
Larynx
Pharynx
Epiglottis
The pleural space is the
Space within the alveoli
Space between the lungs and chest cavity wall
Inside lining of the chest cavity
Outer lining of the lung
Pharyngitis is
Inflammation of the throat
A sinus infection
Loss of smell
An ancient Egyptian illness
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