Immunology, lymphatic organs
Test Your Knowledge on Immunology and Lymphatic Organs
Welcome to the Immunology Quiz! This comprehensive quiz features 34 questions designed to challenge your understanding of the adaptive and innate immune systems, lymphatic organs, and their fun
- Explore questions on adaptive immunity mechanisms.
- Identify lymphatic organs and their classifications.
- Understand cellular interactions and immune responses.
Statements regarding adaptive immunity
Its response is rapid
Includes antigen-presenting cells
Is because of phagocytic activity of neutrophils part of the innate immunity
Includes the actions of B-cells
Is evolutionary older than aquired immunity
It could be due to the existence of IgA within saliva or tears
Is because of clonal expansion of B-cells
Is because of the action of lysozymes
Unencapsulated organs of the lymphatic system
Palatines tonsils
Peyers patches
Solitary nodules
Thymus
Gut associated lympoid tissue; GALT
Lymph nodes
Statements regarding the lymphatic system
Penicillar arterioles are typical for the thymus and for the red and white pulp of the spleen
High endothelial venules; HEVs are present in lymph nodes
Spleen contains an outer cortex
Secondary lymphatic nodules has a germinal center
The appendix is the so-called tonsil of the digestive tract
Open blood circulation is specific for lymph nodes
Open blood circulation is specific for the spleen
Palatine tonsils are covered by stratified squamous epithelium
Statements regarding the thymus
Belongs to the central lymphoid organ together with the bone marrow
Produces immunoglobulins
Has a connective tissue capsule which divides parachyma into seperate lobes
Is uncapsulated
Is covered by CT
It is a central lymphatic organ
Covered by simple squamous epithelium
Contains a lot of lymph nodes
Filters pathogens
Filters lymph from antigens
Undergoes involution during postnatal life
Blood-thymus barrier in cortex
Does not contain lymphatic nodules
Contains white pulp
Unencapsulated organs of the lymphatic system
Thymus
Solitary nodules
Palatine tonsils
Lymphatic nodules
Thymus
Belongs to central lymphoid organs
Blood-thymus barrier is in the cortex
Does not have any lymph nodules
Its epithelial cells are antigen-presenting
Is surrounded by a CT capsule
Stroma consists of epithelial cells
Statements regarding the lymphatic system
Open blood circulation is specific for the spleen
HEVs are present in lymph nodes
Lymphatic nodules of the lymph node has a sentral arteriole
Lymphatic nodules of the spleen has central arteriole
Penicillar arterioles are typical for the spleen
The spleen is the organ for red blood cell degradation
Secondary lymphatic nodules have germinal center
Uncapsulated lymph organs
Palatine tonsil
MALT
GALT
Solitary nodules
Peyers patches
Antigen-presenting cells
Process antigens and show them to T-lymphocytes
They have on their surface MHC 1
They have on their surface MHC 2
Includes dendritic cells of lymphatic nodules
Includes langerhans cells of the skin
Are a part of the mononuclear phagocyte system
Has a phagocytic ability
Are MHC restricted cells; as T-lymphocytes
Lymphatic system
Lymphatic nodules of lymph nodes has central arteriole
Open blood circulation is specific for the spleen
HEVs are present in the inner cortex of lymph nodes
Adaptive immunity
Includes the action of B-lymphocytes
It could be because of the existance of IgA within saliva or tears
Is because of phagocytic activity of neutrophils
Is because of action of lysosomes
Includes antigen presenting cells
Is evolutionary older
Is because of clonal expansion of B lymphocytes
Lymph nodes
Are distributed along the course of lymphatic vessels
T lymphocytes are situated in the paracortex; inner cortex
Its stroma is formed by CT
Contains lymphatic sinuses
Becomes larger during inflammation
Germinal center is part of its outer cortex
Contains T helper cells
Lymph vessels enter at convex side
Posses few lymphatic nodules
Has plasma cells in medullary cords
Lymphatic vessels enter at the concave depression
Lymphatic system
Antibodies are produced by plasma cells
T-lymphocytes belongs to the CD3+ cells
Closed blood circulation is impossible for the spleen
Open blood circulation is specific for the spleen
Spleen
Is the biggest lymphoid organ
Its stroma is formed by reticular CT
Red pulp is composed of splenic cords and sinusoids + T and B cells
There are no B-lymphocytes
Its principal function is to filter the blood
White pulp contains B-lymphocytes, PALS and the central artery
PALS of white matter is thymus dependent zone
PALS of white matter contains B cells
Is a central lymphoid organ
PALS of white matter contains T cells
Lymphatic organs
Include central and peripheral organs
The bone marrow is a central organ for B lymphocytes
The germinal center of lymphoid nodules contains mainly B lymphocytes
Correct description of lymphatic organs
Lymph node - Cortex with lymphatic nodules
Palatine tonsils - Its outer part is covered by stratified squamous epithelium
Lymph node - Outer cortex is thymus dependent
Lymph node - Inner cortex is thymus independent
Thymus - Reticular epithelial stroma
Spleen - thymus dependent zone is PALS
True regarding lymphatic system
IgA is secretory immunoglobulin
APCs does not include dendritic cells
GALT is an example of MALT
The thymus is a central lymphatic organ for T-lymphocytes
Red pulp of the spleen is composed of lymphatic nodule
White pulp of spleen is composed of lymphatic nodules
Immunoglobulins
There are four classes in humans; IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE
There are five classes in humans; IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and IgD
IgG is the most abundant in serum
Immunoglobulins are manufactured by T lymphocytes
Immunoglobulins are manufactured by B lymphocytes
IgA is known as a secretory antibody; Dimer/monomer in plasma
IgM is used for checking active infection in body; pentamer
IgG is a monomer
IgG is a dimer
IgE reacts with receptors on mast cells and basophils
APCs; antigen presenting cells
Are found in many tissues
Includes macrophages
Includes dendritic cells
Includes langerhans cells
They have on their surface MHC 1
Include B cells
Includes T cells
Thymus
Is an lympho-epithelial organ
Does not have lymphatic nodules
Contains many lymphatic nodules
Has incomplete lobules
Has complete lobules
Hassals corpuscle is located in the medulla
Hassals corpuscles
Are found in the medulla of the thymus
Are formed by TECs
Are degenerated epithelial cells
Are aggregates of TECs
T lymphocytes
Are responsible for the cellular mediated immune response
Are responsible for the humoral mediated immune response
Adaptive immunity
Includes the actions of B lymphocytes
It could be because of the existence of IgA within saliva or tears
Is because of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils
Is because of the actions of lysosomes
Includes antigen presenting cells like B-lymphocytes
Is evolutionary older
Is because of clonal expansion of B lymphocytes
Innate immunity
Includes the actions of B lymphocytes
Is because of phagocytic activity of neutrophils
Is because of action of lysosomes
It could be because of existence of IgA within saliva or tears
Is evolutionary older
Lymph nodes
Is the place of B cell proliferation
Are distributed along the course of the lymphatic vessels processes; afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels
Are distributed along the course of lymphatic vessels
Never changes its size
Outer cortex contains PALS
Outer cortex contains lymphatic nodules
Lymph vessels enter the convex side
Has not got any T helper cells
Is avascular
Lymph vessels enter concave depression
Its stroma is formed by CT; reticular
The germinal center is part of its medulla
The germinal center is part of outer cortex
Inner cortex contains PALS
Adaptive immunity
Includes the actions of B lymphocytes
Is because of clonal expansion of B cells
Includes antigen presenting cells
Is because of phagocytic activity of neutrophils its response is very rapid
Is because of the action of lysosomes
One of its example is low pH of gastric juice
Is evolutionary older
Is evolutionary younger
Thymus
Has not got any lymphatic nodules
Belongs to the central lymphoid organ
Its medulla contains thymocytes cortex
Contains lymphatic nodules
Filters lymph from antigens
Produces immunoglobulins
Undergoes involution during postnatal life
Antigen presenting cells
Have phagocytic ability
Macrophages are an example
They have MHC 1 on their surface
They have MHC 2 on their surface; without MHC 1
Includes dendritic cells of lymphatic nodules
Are part of the mononuclear phagocyte system
Produce only IgA among all immunoglobulins
They process antigens and shows them to T lymphocytes
Produce all five immunoglobulins; plasma cells
Spleen
It is surrounded by a capsule of dense CT
Its stroma is formed by reticular CT
Red pulp is composed of splenic cords and sinusoids
White pulp includes lymphoid nodules, central artery and PALS
It is divided into the cortex and medulla
There are no B lymphocytes
PALS of white matter is the thymus dependent zone
It is a central lymphoid organ
It is the biggest lymphoid organ
It is a peripheral lymphoid organ
Lymphatic system
HEVs are present in lymph nodes; inner cortex
Open blood circulation is specific for the spleen
Palatine tonsils are covered by pseudostratified epithelium
Penicillar arterioles are typical for the spleen
Secodary lymphatic nodules have a germinal center
Tonsils does not have a thymus-dependant zone
Primary lymphatic nodules have a germinal center
Appendix is the so called tonsil of the digestive tract
Lymphatic nodules of spleen has a central arteriole
Spleen contains PALS; white pulp
Spleen contains an outer cortex
The mantle of secondary lymphatic nodules contain mature B lymphocytes
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