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Quizzes > Health & Medicine

Oncology NCLEX Questions: Test Your Cancer Nursing Knowledge

Quick, free oncology nursing quiz with instant results. Practice NCLEX oncology questions.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Manolia SkartsilakiUpdated Aug 27, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
paper art style quiz sheet stethoscope nurse cap cancer ribbon on coral background for free oncology NCLEX quiz

Use this oncology NCLEX quiz to review cancer care scenarios and check your grasp of priority steps, safety, and side effects. When you finish, try more oncology nclex questions or explore oncology questions and answers to reinforce key points. Instant results highlight strengths and gaps.

Which nursing intervention is most important to reduce the risk of infection in a patient with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia?
Administering a high-calorie diet
Scheduling frequent radiologic imaging
Providing a neutropenic or protective isolation environment
Encouraging regular range-of-motion exercises
Patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia have a critically low neutrophil count and are at high risk for infection. Protective isolation, also known as neutropenic precautions, minimizes exposure to pathogens. Strict hand hygiene, protective clothing, and limiting visitors are key components.
A patient undergoing external beam radiation therapy presents with dry, erythematous skin in the treatment field. What is the best nursing recommendation?
Apply petroleum-based products to the area
Gently wash with mild soap and lukewarm water
Use scented moisturizing lotions to hydrate the skin
Expose the skin to direct sunlight to promote healing
Gently cleaning the area with mild soap and lukewarm water helps remove irritants without damaging fragile skin. Scented or petroleum-based products can further irritate or retain heat, exacerbating erythema. Patients should also avoid sun exposure to prevent further skin damage.
About 7 to 10 days after chemotherapy administration, a patient's blood counts reach their lowest point. What term describes this period?
Plateau phase
Nadir
Remission phase
Recovery phase
The nadir is the period when blood cell counts, particularly neutrophils, are at their lowest following chemotherapy. It typically occurs around 7 to 14 days post-treatment. Knowledge of the nadir period helps nurses anticipate infection risk and plan supportive care.
Which dietary choice is most appropriate for a patient on neutropenic precautions following chemotherapy?
Fresh green salad
Unpasteurized fruit juice
Canned fruit
Raw sushi
Patients under neutropenic precautions should avoid uncooked foods that may harbor bacteria, such as raw fruits, vegetables, or unpasteurized juices. Canned fruit is processed to eliminate pathogens and is safe for neutropenic patients. Strict dietary guidelines reduce the risk of infection.
A patient with acute tumor lysis syndrome presents with hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering to prevent uric acid nephropathy?
Metoclopramide
Calcium carbonate
Allopurinol
Furosemide
Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, reducing the production of uric acid and protecting renal function in tumor lysis syndrome. Other measures include aggressive hydration and correcting electrolyte imbalances. Prompt management minimizes the risk of acute kidney injury.
Cisplatin chemotherapy is most commonly associated with which dose-limiting adverse effect?
Exfoliative dermatitis
Hepatotoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Pulmonary fibrosis
Cisplatin is known for its dose-limiting nephrotoxicity due to tubular cell damage; aggressive hydration and diuretics are used to mitigate renal injury. Monitoring BUN, creatinine, and urine output is essential. Other adverse effects include ototoxicity and peripheral neuropathy, but nephrotoxicity is most critical.
Which assessment should a nurse prioritize before administering doxorubicin?
Left ventricular ejection fraction
Coagulation profile
Liver function tests
Pulmonary function tests
Doxorubicin is associated with cardiotoxicity, which can lead to cardiomyopathy. Monitoring left ventricular ejection fraction helps detect subclinical cardiac dysfunction before further damage. Baseline and periodic echocardiograms are recommended.
A patient on tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer should be counseled on the increased risk of which complication?
Endometrial cancer
Nephrolithiasis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Osteoporosis
Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that antagonizes estrogen in breast tissue but acts as an agonist in the endometrium, increasing the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. Patients should report any abnormal vaginal bleeding. The risk of thromboembolism is also elevated.
A patient with small cell lung cancer develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Which laboratory finding is most consistent with this condition?
Serum sodium 145 mEq/L
Serum sodium 125 mEq/L
Urine specific gravity decreased
Urine output increased
SIADH causes excessive ADH release, leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Patients have low serum sodium and inappropriately concentrated urine with high specific gravity. Recognizing these lab changes is critical for timely treatment.
Bleomycin chemotherapy can cause pulmonary toxicity. Which assessment is essential before each dose?
Cardiac enzymes
Vision screening
Pulmonary function tests
Liver enzymes
Bleomycin is associated with dose-dependent pulmonary fibrosis. Baseline and periodic pulmonary function tests help detect early decline in lung capacity. Early identification of toxicity allows dose adjustment or drug discontinuation.
A patient receiving vincristine reports tingling and numbness in the extremities. Which adverse effect is this symptom indicative of?
Cardiotoxicity
Peripheral neuropathy
Hepatotoxicity
Pulmonary fibrosis
Vincristine interferes with microtubule formation in neurons, leading to peripheral neuropathy characterized by paresthesias and numbness. Early recognition is important to adjust dosing and prevent permanent nerve damage. Assessment should include neurologic checks each cycle.
Prior to administering rituximab, the nurse should premedicate the patient to reduce the risk of which acute complication?
Hand-foot syndrome
Infusion-related hypersensitivity reaction
Thrombocytopenia
Tumor lysis syndrome
Rituximab is associated with infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions due to rapid cytokine release. Premedication with acetaminophen and antihistamines reduces these reactions. Vital signs should be closely monitored during the first infusion.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Oncology Pathophysiology -

    Review the underlying mechanisms and clinical manifestations of breast, laryngeal, and cervical cancers to build a solid foundation for patient assessment and care.

  2. Apply NCLEX Test-Taking Strategies -

    Master techniques for approaching Oncology NCLEX practice questions effectively, enhancing accuracy and confidence during exam preparation.

  3. Analyze Cancer Care Scenarios -

    Work through real-world patient vignettes to identify assessment priorities, interpret findings, and select evidence-based nursing interventions.

  4. Evaluate Treatment Modalities -

    Differentiate between surgical, radiation, and pharmacologic therapies, and assess their implications for nursing management and patient education.

  5. Identify Priority Nursing Interventions -

    Prioritize and implement nursing actions for common oncology complications and side effects, ensuring safe and effective patient care.

  6. Interpret Diagnostic and Lab Findings -

    Develop skills to interpret imaging results and laboratory values relevant to cancer diagnosis and monitor treatment efficacy.

Cheat Sheet

  1. TNM Staging System Mastery -

    Review the AJCC's TNM classification to accurately determine tumor size (T), lymph node involvement (N), and metastasis (M). Mnemonic "T-Time, N-Node, M-Metastasis" helps cement the concept for Oncology NCLEX Practice Questions by breaking a complex system into bite-sized terms.

  2. Neutropenic Precautions and Infection Control -

    Understand that a neutrophil count below 1,000/mm3 demands strict precautions: no RAW foods (Raw fruits, Raw vegetables, Raw meats) and prompt fever reporting. This mnemonic is vital for your free oncology NCLEX quiz, ensuring you protect immunocompromised patients according to CDC guidelines.

  3. Cytotoxic Drug Safety Protocols -

    Memorize the acronym A.R.R.O.W. (Assess IV site, Remove needle, Rinse line, Organize spill kit, Wear double gloves) for managing chemo extravasation. Cancer nursing exam prep from OSHA and NIOSH emphasizes proper PPE and spill response in an oncology nursing practice test scenario.

  4. WHO Analgesic Ladder for Pain Management -

    Recall the three-step ladder: nonopioids → mild opioids → strong opioids, escalating based on pain severity and patient response. NCLEX cancer care quiz items often simulate patient pain ratings to test your ability to choose the right step and dose adjustments.

  5. Radiation Dermatitis Prevention and Care -

    Follow the "GENTLE" approach: Gently wash, Expose to air, No deodorants, Tea tree oil avoidance, Loose clothing, Educate on sun protection. This simple mnemonic, supported by NCCN guidelines, readies you for the oncology nursing practice test by focusing on skin integrity and patient education.

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