Anatomy and Physiology Review 4

Create a detailed illustration of the human brain with labels for various anatomical structures such as the cerebrum, cerebellum, hypothalamus, and spinal cord, emphasizing the intricate network of neurons and their fun<wbr>ctions.

Anatomy and Physiology Mastery Quiz

Test your knowledge of anatomy and physiology with this comprehensive quiz designed for students and enthusiasts alike. With 76 challenging questions spanning various topics related to the nervous system, sensory organs, and more, you're sure to enhance your understanding of the human body.

Key features of the quiz include:

  • Multiple choice and checkbox questions
  • Variety of subjects, from the brain's functions to sensory receptors
  • Ideal for both students and educators
76 Questions19 MinutesCreated by AnalyzingCell312
What name do we give to the innermost layer of the meninges?
Dura mater
Monkey matter
Pia mater
Sia mater
What are the main divisions of the central nervous system? Check all that apply.
Phalanges
Spinal Cord
Brain stem
Reticular formation
Pulmonary Embolism
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebrum
Meningitis refers to the inflammation of what?
Brain cord
Spinal stem
Meninges
Men
The vomiting reflex is mediated by what part of the brain?
Hypothalamus
Thymus
Pineal Gland
Medulla
What part of the brain receives impulses from the labyrinth of the ear? (not entirely sure about this one)
Cerebellum
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Nortex
Brain Stem
Medulla
Which of the following are functions of the hypothalamus? Check all that apply.
Integration/coordination of many autonomic reflexes
Hormonal functions
Involved in arousal and appetite
Thermoregulation
The areas of the brain specializing in language functions are found in the left cerebral hemisphere in what percentage of the population?
10%
90%
What part of the cerebrum is associated with anger, fear and sorrow?
The limbic system
The integumentary system
The cardiac system
The pulmonary system
Which gland controls the body's "biological clock?"
Hypothalamus
Thymus
Pineal Gland
Pituitary Gland
Besides protection, the cerebral spinal fluid helps the body regulate what?
Temperature
Blood volume
Oxygen in the blood and pH of the body
Overall CO2 content and pH of the body
Which layer of the meninges is least likely to be involved in meningitis?
Pia mater
Monkey matter
Dura mater
The nervous system is divided into TWO MAJOR divisions, what are they? Check all that apply.
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
Central Nervous System
What's a nervous system?
Peripheral Nervous System
What part of the brain can produce a hormone? Check all that apply.
Hypothalamus
Thalamus
Endocrine glands
William (thanks Gerry!) was recently involved in a serious automobile accident, as a result he has had difficulty controlling his skeletal muscles. What part of the nervous system was most likely damaged?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
HIPPA
Which one of the following explains how the lack of dopamine physiologically affects individuals suffering from Parkinson's disease?
There is degeneration of the hypothalamus, which produces dopamine
There is degeneration of the pathway between the substania nigra and the basil nuclei...
The answer in B means that dopamine cannot reach the basil nuclei in adequate concentrations.
The answer is both B and C.
Since her fall several weeks ago, Juanita has drifted into and out of consciousness. Her arousal and alerting mechanisms are not functioning properly. What specific area of the brain is most likely responsible for these factors?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Thymus
Pineal Gland
When someone close to you dies, you feel a sense of sorrow among other emotions. Your ability to experience such emotions is a result of what?
The hypothalamus
The thymus
The limbic system - specifically the amygdala
Monkeys (it's always Monkeys)
You are capable of remembering such things as phone numbers, your SIN and song lyrics from many years ago. What part of the brain allows you to do this?
The brain stem
The amygdala
The temporal lobes (parietal, occipital)
Motor programs
The set of coordinated commands that controls programmed muscle activity mediated by the extra pyramidal pathway is called what?
Sensory pathways
Motor programs
The brain stem
Bob
Jeffrey has contracted polio, and it has affected the medulla oblongata. Doctors warn his family that his condition is grave and he will likely die soon. What functions of the medulla oblongata has warranted this dire prognosis?
Sensory controls
Thermoregulation
Cardiac and respiratory functions
Vasomotor control centers
C and D are correct.
All of the above.
These are found only in the eye, they respond to light stimuli if the intensity is great enough to generate a receptor potential:
These are activated by intense stimuli of any type that results in tissue damage, produces our sense of pain
These are activated by changes in temperature
These are activated by changes in concentrations of certain chemicals, our senses of smell and taste rely on these.
Another word for earwax.
The visible portion of our ears.
The ear canal, which is 3cm long and ends in the tympanic membrane.
A condition which results in the inability to focus one's vision.
A condition resulting from intraocular pressure due to an abnormal build up of aqueous humor.
Cloudy spots in the eye's lens that develops as we age.
Hearing loss due to nerve impairment.
A chronic inner ear disease with an unknown cause. Characterized by tinnitus, progressive deafness and vertigo.
Nearsightedness.
Inherited bone disorder characterized by structural irregularities in the stapes
Ringing of the ear without external stimuli
What nerve originates in the medulla and then travels as motor nerves to the muscles of the abdomen, pharynx
Vestibulocochlear
Phrenic
Vagus
Damage to which nerve could make the diaphragm unable to function?
Vestibulocochlear
Phrenic
Vagus
In which plexus would you find the phrenic nerve?
The sacral plexus
The lumbar plexus
The cervical plexus
Check the follow signs of PARASYMPATHIC NERVOUS SYSTEM stimulation.
Dilation of coronary blood vessels
Dilation of blood vessels of external genitalia, causing erection
Constriction of bronchioles
Flying monkeys
Increase peristalsis of the digestive tract, except sphincters
Relaxation of the sphincters of the digestive tract
Nabob Coffee Company
Contraction of the urinary bladder
This is the right answer
Relaxation of urinary sphincters and reproductive ducts
Increased tear production
Increased secretion of saliva
Increased secretion of pancreatic juice and insulin
Check the follow signs of SYMPATHIC NERVOUS SYSTEM stimulation.
Increased rate and strength of contraction of the cardiac muscle
Constriction of skin blood vessels
Constriction of blood vessels of external gentialia
Flying monkeys
Decreased peristalsis of digestive tract
Contraction of the sphincters of the digestive tract
Nabob Coffee Company
Relaxation of the urinary bladder
This is the not right answer
Contraction of urinary sphincters and reproductive ducts
Increased sweat secretion
Increased lipolysis in the adipose tissues
Decreased secretion of pancreatic juice and insulin
A person is frightened by a dog. Their eyes become dilated and heart and respiratory system increase. These symptoms are caused by the stimulation of which system?
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
Which type of nerves, with one exception, DO NOT form plexuses?
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Know the parts of the PNS system (nerve groupings). I'm tired and I don't wanna write a million questions about it.
Okay!
No Will! How could you let us down like this?!?
The cauda equina refers to nerves located where?
Lumbar region
Sacral region
All of the above
Norepinephrine stimulates what receptors?
Nociceptors
Amboceptors
Adrenergic receptors
What's a receptor?
What are the two categories of adrenergic receptors? How many are there of each receptor?
Alpha receptors (3), Beta receptors (2)
Epsilon receptors (10), alpha receptors (4)
Alpha receptors (2), Beta receptors (3)
An athlete is experiencing a problem with balance and equilibrium. Which cranial nerve may be causing this?
Phrenic
Vestibulocochlear
Sacral
Hypothalamus
Danielle has sustained an injury, she can no longer complete simple tasks like lifting a pencil, using eating utensils and brushing her hair. The injury has affected which pathway system?
The motor nerve pathway
The somatic nerve pathway
The lumbar nerve pathway
Coffee. I need more coffee.
True or false: The Herpes Zoster virus can travel through cutaneous nerves and remain dormant in dorsal root ganglia for years after an initial episode of chickenpox.
True
False
True or false: Diminished immunological protective mechanisms, as seen in the elderly or as a result of stress, can cause the Herpes Zoster virus to reactivate.
True
False
Check the following that are signs/symptoms of the Herpes Zoster virus
Painful eruption of red swollen plaques
Hemorrhagic blisters
Permanent scarring as a result of a secondary bacterial infection
Pain, burning and itching in the affected dermatome
Your patient complains of numbness in the skin of the buttocks and posterior surface of the thigh and leg, what is the spinal nerve branch/plexus most likely involved?
Cranial plexus
Lumbar plexus
Sacral plexus
True or false: 5,000,000 red blood cells per a cubic millimeter of blood is considered in the normal range for an adult?
True
False
Which types of cells carry oxygen?
Monocytes
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Esinophils
A hematocrit of 40% means that in every 100ml of blood there are what?
60ml of RBC's
40ml of RBC's
What to erythrocytes look like under a microscope?
Little peace signs
They are transparent unless stained
Bi-concave reddish/pinkish discs
True or false: Erythropoiesis is the term used to describe the formation of Red Blood Cells
True
False
Many blood cells are produced where?
RBC's are produced in the yellow bone marrow
RBC's are produced in the red bone marrow (myeloid tissue), which is primarily found in the sternum, ribs and coxal bones
WBC's are produced in the red bone marrow (myeloid tissue), which is primarily found in the sternum, ribs and coxal bones
WBC's are produced in the lymphoid tissue, found chiefly in the lymph nodes, thymus and spleen
Both B and D are correct.
All of the above.
Which type of of WBC's play a role in preventing clotting?
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Erythrocytes
True or false: Lymphocytes are white blood cells that play a role in immunity to infection
True
False
Which cells have the greatest power of phagocytosis?
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Monocytes
Both B and C
None of the above
True or false: Heparin is an anti-coagulant?
True
False
Pernicious anemia may occur because of a lack of what vitamin?
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B69
What is the ingredient in hemoglobin that allows blood to carry oxygen?
Cobalt
Calcium
Iron
Vitamin B69
True or false: Anemia is a condition that can occur as a result of decreased RBC's
True
False
Which of the following speeds up/hastens clotting?
A rough spot in the endothelium
Abnormally slow blood flow
Applying a rough surface to a wound, such as gauze
Gently squeezing tissues around a cut
Applying purified thrombin (in sprays or impregnated gelatin sponges)
Applying cold compresses
Applying hemostatic dressings
Which of the following are functions of blood?
A rough spot in the endothelium
Transport medium that performs vital pickup and dropoff functions
Transports hormones, enzymes, buffers and other biochemical substances
Keystone of the body's heat-regulating mechanism
Applying purified thrombin (in sprays or impregnated gelatin sponges)
Monkeys
Applying hemostatic dressings
Where is the buffy coat found?
In my closet
On TV, fighting vampires
At the interface between packed RBC's and blood plasma
Brown?
True or false: Blood is effective in temperature regulation because of its high conductivity, allowing it to absorb large quantities of heat without an appreciable increase in its own body temperature and is able to transport that heat to the surface of the body where it can be more readily dissipated?
True
False
Check the following metals that are needed to form RBC's
Iron
Copper
Cobalt
Check the following that are characteristics of WBC's
Transparent, but when grouped together they appear white
Can only be seen under a microscope once they have been stained
Grouped into two categories: Agranulocytes and Granulocytes
Do not have nuclei
Some WBC's are capable of diapedesis, what does this mean?
That they are transparent, but when grouped together they appear white
Can only be seen under a microscope once they have been stained
They are able to migrate out of blood vessels and into tissue spaces
Do not have nuclei
A person with no anti-bodies in the blood plasma would have which blood type?
Type O
Type A
Type B
Type AB
A person with no anti-gens on the RBC would have which blood type?
Type O
Type A
Type B
Type AB
A hematocrit of 56% would be an indication of what disease?
Polycythemia
Anemia
Malaria
AIDS
Cancer
True or False: Newborn infants often have a reduced number of platelets, which are needed to clot blood. As a result, part of the reason an injection of vitamin K is often given is to help the umbilical cord site to stop bleeding?
True
False
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