A&P II Lecture Test #3 (Ch. 17, 18 & 19)
A&P II Lecture Test #3
Test your knowledge of human anatomy and physiology with this comprehensive quiz covering Chapters 17, 18, and 19. Perfect for students and professionals looking to reinforce their understanding of blood, the heart, and the vascular system.
You'll encounter a variety of question types designed to challenge your grasp of essential concepts:
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Checkbox Questions
The pigment found in red blood cells that can bind oxygen or carbon dioxide is known as
Hemoglobin
Myoglobin
Bilirubin
Biliverdin
Suppose your blood was found to be AB positive. This means that
Your red blood cells have both A and B types of antigens
Your red blood cells have the Rh antigen
There are anti-A and anti-B antibodies in your plasma
There are anti-Rh antibodies in your plasma
Diapedesis is
The formation of platelets from megakaryocytes.
Movements of white blood cells out of the circulation.
Squeezing of red blood cells through narrow capillaries.
Filling of red blood cells with hemoglobin.
If an individual with Type O blood needed a blood transfusion, which type of blood would be suitable to use?
Type A
Type AB
Type O
Type B
Select the appropriate pathway for the steps of hemostasis.
Vascular spasms, coagulation, platelet plug formation, clot retraction, thrombolysis
Platelet plug formation, vascular spasms, coagulation, clot retraction, thrombolysis
Vascular spasms, platelet plug formation, coagulation, clot retraction, thrombolysis
Vascular spasms, platelet plug formation, coagulation, thrombolysis, clot retraction
A centrifuged sample of blood shows 53% plasma, 1% buffy coat, and 46% erythrocytes. What percent of the blood sample is composed of leukocytes and platelets?
1%
46%
47%
53%
The kidneys produce the hormone _____________________, which is responsible for controlling the rate of red blood cell production.
Somatostatin
Fibrin
Erythropoietin
Serotonin
Hematopoiesis (blood cell formation) requires
Hematopoietic stem cells in the red bone marrow
Osteoblasts in the red bone marrow
Osteoclasts in the red bone marrow
None of the above
What cell gives rise to all of the formed elements in blood?
Erythroblast
Reticulocyte
Lymphoblast
Hematopoietic stem cell
A patient is diagnosed as an alcoholic who typically does not eat enough food. The patient has also been diagnosed with a Vitamin B12 deficiency. What blood disorder is the most likely result of the vitamin deficiency?
Hemolytic anemia
Aplastic anemia
Pernicious anemia
Iron-deficiency anemia
When oxygen concentrations are low, hemoglobin releases oxygen to become carboxyhemoglobin.
True
False
Where do T lymphocytes (T cells) mature?
Tonsils
Throat
Thymus gland
Thyroid gland
In an adult, red blood cells are destroyed primarily in the spleen and liver.
True
False
The hematocrit is the percentage of blood composed of
Plasma
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
Starting at the right ventricle and ending at the left atrium, which of the following gives the MOST CORRECT pathway of blood through the heart?
Right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary trunk, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium
Right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins, lungs, pulmonary valve, left atrium
Right ventricle, aortic valve, pulmonary veins, lungs, pulmonary trunk, left atrium
Right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary veins, lungs, pulmonary trunk, left atrium
Peripheral resistance
Is inversely related to the diameter of blood vessels
Tends to increase if blood viscosity increases
Will cause an increase in systemic blood pressure if it increases
None of the above
Which of the following waves of an EKG (ECG) pattern is correctly described?
P wave: repolarization of atria
QRS complex: repolarization of ventricles
T wave: depolarization of ventricles
None of the above
Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying ____________ ______________ by heart rate.
Blood pressure
Stroke volume
Cardiac contractile force
None of the above
During the systemic circuit of blood flow, blood leaves the
Left atrium and goes to the lungs
Right atrium and goes directly to the left ventricle
Right ventricle and moves to the lungs
Left ventricle and goes to the aorta
Which statement does NOT accurately describe veins?
They carry blood back to the heart
They have a larger lumen than arteries
Many contain valves which help to prevent backflow of blood
They have more elastic tissue and smooth muscle than arteries
Fenestrations in capillaries are small pores that allow water and small substances to move freely through these pores.
True
False
Arteries in the systemic circuit carry oxygenated blood while arteries in the pulmonary circuit transport deoxygenated blood.
True
False
In the walls of veins, the ____________ ___________ is the very thin layer composed of endothelial cells and is closest to the lumen
Tunica externa
Tunica media
Tunica intima
None of the above
The arteries that serve the tissue of the heart are called
Coronary arteries
Cardiac veins
Cardiac arteries
Cardiovasculature
If a particular chamber of the heart is in diastole, it
Reaches a pressure of about 120 mm Hg
Relaxes and fills with blood
Contracts and pushes blood into an adjacent structure
Experiences a sharp increase in pressure
How do parasympathetic neurons in the medulla oblongata respond to increased blood pressure?
Sympathetic activity is inhibited
Heart rate is increased
Cardiac output is increased
Vasoconstriction is promoted
When regulating the cardiac cycle, chemoreceptors that play a role in the regulation are sensitive to changes in
Oxygen levels
Chloride ion levels
Carbon dioxide levels
PH levels
Generally, coronary veins empty into a vessel known as the
Coronary sinus
Superior vena cava
Aorta
Inferior vena cava
Regarding the first heart sound heard during the cardiac cycle,
The sound is “lubb” and is caused by pulmonary and aortic valves closing
The sound is “lubb” and is caused by atrioventricular valves closing
The sound is “lubb” and is caused by atrioventricular valves opening
The sound is “lubb” and is caused by pulmonary and aortic valves opening
Which is the correct sequence of layers in the heart wall, starting with the most superficial layer?
Pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
Endocardium, epicardium, myocardium
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Myocardium, pericardium, endocardium
The cardiac cycle includes all of the following events EXCEPT
Changes in pressure gradients in all chambers of the heart
The movement of impulse from the S-A node to all regions of the myocardium
The closing and opening of the heart valves during each heart beat
The number of times the heart beats in one minute
The changes in blood volume in all chambers of the heart
Which of the following ECG (EKG) waves represents the repolarization of the ventricles?
T wave
QRS wave complex
P wave
None of the above
Parasympathetic fibers from the vagus nerve interact with the SA node and
increase the SA node activity
release acetylcholine when activated
decrease the SA node activity
release epinephrine when activated
Purkinje fibers of the cardiac conduction system carry impulses to the atrial myocardium
True
False
Which of the following situations creates edema?
An increase in the capillary hydrostatic pressure gradient
An increase in the colloid osmotic pressure
A decrease in the capillary hydrostatic pressure gradient
A negative net filtration pressure (NFP)
Increases in blood pressure are detected by specialized cells known as:
Thermoreceptors
Nociceptors
Chemoreceptors
Baroreceptors
Which blood vessel tunic is innervated by nerves from the sympathetic nervous system?
Tunica adventitia
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa
During what phase does blood flow from the ventricles into the pulmonary trunk and aorta?
Isovolumetric contraction phase
Ventricular ejection phase
Isovolumetric relaxation phase
Ventricular filling
The basic function of lymphocytes is to
Act against foreign substances
Produce enzymes that dissolve blood clots
Release substances to initiate blood clots
Release substances to inactive chemicals of allergic reactions
Which of the following leukocytes has the function of releasing histamine and heparin?
Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
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