Grafalon
Grafalon Knowledge Quiz
Test your understanding of Grafalon, an important immunosuppressive agent used in transplantation protocols. This quiz is designed to reinforce your knowledge and assess your grasp on various aspects of Grafalon, including its mechanisms, indications, dosing, and contraindications.
- Multiple choice questions
- Learn about clinical applications
- Assess your knowledge about dosing and preparation
Which definition on the below describe Grafalon?
Anti Thymocyte Immunoglobuline
Anti T Leucocyte Immunoglobuline
Anti T Lymphocyte Immunoglobuline
Anti T Lymphocyte Immunoglobuline (Equine)
Anti Leucocyte Globuline
Which one of the below used for immunisation of Rabbits for Grafalon production?
Human Thymocyte Cells
Horse Thymocyte Cells
Rabbit Thymocyte Cells
Human T Lymphoblastoid Line, Jurkat
Rabbit Leucocyte cells
Which of the following is not a mechanism of action of Grafalon?
Selective targeting of activating T Cells
Inhibition of T Cell Proliferation, TREGs induction
Blockade of Leukocyte adhesion to EC and tissue migration
T Cell depletion by CDC and by apopotosis induction
Inhibition of rejection via neurosensoral activities on Central Nervous System
Grafalon usually administered for the following indications (Select the wrong one)
Prevention of acute transplant rejection in patients receiving allogeneic SOT
Treatment of acute corticosteroid-resistant (CS-resistant) rejection after allogeneic SOT
Prevention of GvHD in adults after SCT from matched unrelated donors
Maintenance therapy to prevent chronic transplant rejection in patients receiving allogeneic SOT
Treatment of moderate and severe aplastic anaemia (only approved in a minority of countries)
Which one of the following is wrong?
Grafalon is a hypotonic concentrate that has to be diluted in sodium chloride 9 mg/ mL (0.9%) solution
A dilution ratio of 1:7 is recommended (per 1 mL Grafalon, 6 mL of sodium chloride solution should be added) to maintain the required level of osmolality
The standard infusion time in SOT is 4 hours while in SCT, 4–12-hour
A dilution ratio of 1:4 is recommended (per 1 mL Grafalon, 3 mL of sodium chloride solution should be added) to maintain the required level of osmolality
Solutions containing visible particles must not be used
What is the recommended dose of Grafalon for prevention of acute transplant rejection in patients receiving SOT?
The recommended dose range is 2 to 5 mg/kg/d Grafalon, The most common doses are in the range of 3 to 4 mg/kg/d.
The recommended dose range is 2 to 5 mg/kg/d Grafalon, The most common doses are in the range of 1 to 5 mg/kg/d.
The recommended dose range is 1 to 6 mg/kg/d Grafalon, The most common doses are in the range of 3 to 4 mg/kg/d.
The recommended dose range is 1 to 10 mg/kg/d Grafalon, The most common doses are in the range of 2 to 8 mg/kg/d.
The recommended dose is 2 mg/kg/d Grafalon
What is the recommended dose and schedule of Grafalon for Prevention of GvHD in adults after allogeneic SCT?
The recommended dose is 10 mg/kg/d Grafalon, usually starting from Day -3 to Day -1 prior to SCT.
The recommended dose is 10 mg/kg/d Grafalon, usually starting from Day -5 to Day -1 prior to SCT.
The recommended dose is 20 mg/kg/d Grafalon, usually starting from Day -3 to Day -1 prior to SCT.
The recommended dose is 20 mg/kg/d Grafalon, usually at Day -1 prior to SCT.
The recommended dose is 60 mg/kg/d Grafalon, usually starting from Day -3 to Day -1 prior to SCT.
Which are the contraindications of Grafalon?
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of its excipients
Use in patients with bacterial, viral, parasitic or mycotic infections that are not under adequate therapeutic control
SOT patients with severe thrombocytopenia (i.e., <50,000 platelets/ μL), because Grafalon may enhance thrombocytopenia and thus increase the risk of haemorrhage
In patients with acute lympohoblastic leukemia
In patients with malignant tumours except in cases where SCT is performed as part of the treatment
Grafalon is an immunosupressive agent which used for..... (please choose the right answer) in SOT protocols
Induction therapy
Maintenance therapy
Treatment of acute rejection
Induction and maintenance therapies
Induction therapy and Treatment of acute rejection
Which sentence(s) on the below is/are right?
There are three antibodies used for induction therapy: the lymphocyte-depleting agents, Grafalon and Thymoglobulin, and basiliximab, which is non-depleting
The addition of Grafalon induction to a standard triple or dual regimen reduces the risk of acute cellular rejection, and there is some evidence it also reduces risk of humoral rejection.
The addition of Grafalon induction to a standard triple or dual regimen reduces only the risk of acute cellular rejection
There are two antibodies used for induction therapy: the lymphocyte-depleting agents, Grafalon and Thymoglobulin
Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) and mycophenolate mofetil (MPA) with or without corticosteroids are generally preffered for induction therapy
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