Dental research lab
Dental Research Lab Quiz
Test your knowledge and understanding of dental research with our comprehensive quiz designed for students and professionals alike. This quiz dives deep into the essential concepts, tools, and methodologies used in dental research.
Challenge yourself with questions covering topics such as:
- SPSS and data analysis
- Literature review techniques
- Research methodologies and reporting standards
- Statistical tests and their applications
What is the advantage of using SPSS over calculating statistics by hand?
This is how most quantitative data analysis is done in "real research" nowadays
It reduces the chance of making errors in your calculations
It equips you with a useful transferable skill
All of the above
In SPSS, what is the "Data Viewer"?
A table summarizing the frequencies of data for one variable
A spreadsheet into which data can be entered
A dialog box that allows you to choose a statistical test
A screen in which variables can be defined and labeled
What are the main points to write the literature review?
Literature review which responds to question of Who, When, What, Where
Literature review which responds to question of When, Where, Why
Literature review which responds to question of When, Why, What, How
Literature review which responds to question of Who, When, What, Why
Literature review which responds to question of When, What, Where, Why
How is a variable name different from a variable label?
It is shorter and less detailed
It is longer and more detailed
It is abstract and unspecific
It refers to codes rather than variables
What does the operation "Recode Into Different Variables" do to the data?
Replaces missing data with some random scores
Reverses the position of the independent and dependent variable on a graph
Redistributes a range of values into a new set of categories and creates a new variable
Represents the data in the form of a pie chart
How would you use the drop-down menus in SPSS to generate a frequency table?
Open the Output Viewer and click: Save As; Pie Chart
Click on: Analyze; Descriptive Statistics; Frequencies
Click on: Graphs; Frequencies; Pearson
Open the Variable Viewer and recode the value labels
Why might you tell SPSS to represent the "slices" of a pie chart in different patterns?
Because the program tends to crash if you ask it to use color
Because the patterns form symbolic visual images of different social groups
In order to make full use of the facilities that SPSS can offer
If you do not have a color printer, it makes the differences between the slices clearer
When cross-tabulating two variables, it is conventional to:
Represent the independent variable in rows and the dependent variable in columns
Assign both the dependent and independent variables to columns
Represent the dependent variable in rows and the independent variable in columns
Assign both the dependent and independent variables to rows
In which sub-dialog box can the Chi Square test be found?
Frequencies: Percentages
Crosstabs: Statistics
Bivariate: Pearson
Gender: Female
To generate a Spearman's rho test, which set of instructions should you give SPSS?
Analyze; Crosstabs; Descriptive Statistics; Spearman; OK
Graphs; Frequencies; [select variables]; Spearman; OK
Analyze; Compare Means; Anova table; First layer; Spearman; OK
Analyze; Correlate; Bivariate; [select variables]; Spearman; OK
How would you print a bar chart that you have just produced in SPSS?
In Output Viewer, click File, Print, select the bar chart and click OK
In Variable Viewer, open bar chart, click File, Print, OK
In Chart Editor, click Descriptive Statistics, Print, OK
In Data Editor, open Graphs dialog box, click Save, OK
What are does DMFT stand for:
Total mean of tooth and Total prevalence of tooth
Total prevalence of tooth
Decay, Missing, Filling and teeth
Decay, Missing, Filling, Surface
Decay, Missing, Filling, Surface and Total mean of tooth
For writing up your synthesis of the literature
To read, reflect (thinking with the title), identify (main themes), categorize by them, categorize by sub-themes.
To write, read, identify, reflect.
To read, reflect (thinking with title), categorize by them, categorize by sub-themes
Reference, thinking,
Writing, identify and title
What the origin of a research question:
Mastering the literature
Being alert to new ideas and technique
Mastering the literature, being alert to new ideas and technique,Keeping the imagination.
Keeping the imagination
Mastering the literature and being alert to new ideas and technique
What’s FINER stand for?
Feasible, Interesting, Novel, Ethical and Relevant
Favorite, Interesting, Novel, Ethical and Relevant
Feasible, Investigating, Need, Ethical and Relevant
Feasible, Inspiriting, Novel, Ethical and Relevant
Feasible, Interesting, Novel, Ethical and Realistic
What are the 5 types for written the references of research?
Book or article of scientific
Thesis
Internet
Contact person and Journal
All are corrects
When a citation includes more than __ authors,only the surname of the first author is cited followed by et al.
3
4
5
6
When referencing other works you have cited within the text of the report you should:
State the first and last name of the author
Use the author, date citation method
Use an asterisk and a footnote
Insert the complete citation in parenthesis
Which of the following abbreviations can be used in a research report?
DT for dental decay
Sec. For second
Yr. For year
Mo. For month
Editorial style specifies that ______ should be used infrequently or sparingly.
Italics
Abbreviations
Headings
Abbreviations and headings
The factor that should determine whether you decide to prepare a research report of you study for a conference or for publication is
Whether the study is free from flaws
Whether the study is important enough to justify presentation or publication
Whether others would be interested in the work
All of the above
Which of the following is not true about the use of language in research reports?
You should choose accurate and clear words that are free from bias.
You should avoid labeling people whenever possible
You should avoid using the term “subjects” whenever possible
All of the above are true according to the UHS Guidelines
Which of the following is not one of the seven major parts to the research report?
Results
Abstract
Method
Footnotes
It is in this section that you fully interpret and evaluate your results.
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
Where do you provide a step-by-step account of what the researcher and participants did during the research study?
Introduction
Abstract
Procedure
Design
Select all of the following statements which you believe to be true. An ordinal variable is one for which:?
The data are discrete and can take one of many values.
The data are continuous and follow an ordered sequence.
The data are categorical.
The categories of response are ordered.
There can only be two categories of response.
Select all of the following statements which you believe to be true:?
A sample statistic is a point estimate of a population parameter.
Random sampling implies a haphazard approach to the data analysis.
For a given data set, the standard deviation is always greater than the standard error of the mean.
The inferential process involves drawing conclusions about the sample.
All are corrects
A total 5000 patients of glaucoma are identified and surveyed by patient interviews regarding family history of glaucoma. Such a study design is called:?
Case series report
Case-control study
Clinical Trial
Cohort study
The analytical study where population is the unit of study is:?
Cross sectional
Ecological
Case-control
Cohort
System Study involves:?
Study of an existing system
Documenting the existing system.
Identifying current deficiencies and establishing new goals
All of the above
The primary tool used in structured design is a:?
Structure chart
Data-flow diagram
Program flowchart
Module
The step-by-step instructions that solve a problem are called __?
An algorithm
A list
A plan
A sequential structure
Which of the following is not a factor in the failure of the systems developments projects:?
Size of the company
Inadequate user involvement
Failure of systems integration
Continuation of a project that should have been cancelled
A problem's _____ will answer the question, "What information will the computer need to know in order to either print or display the output times?:
Input
Output
Processing
Purpose
What practical steps can you take before you actually start your research?
Find out exactly what your institution's requirements are for a dissertation
Make sure you are familiar with the hardware and software you plan to use
Apply for clearance of your project through an ethics committee
All of the above
Which of the following refers to research supported by measurable evidence?
Opinion
Empiricism
Speculation
Rationalism
Which of the following should be included in a research proposal?
Your academic status and experience
The difficulties you encountered with your previous reading on the topic
Your choice of research methods and reasons for choosing them
All of the above
You can manage your time and resources best, by:?
Working out a timetable
Finding out what resources are readily available to you
Calculating a budget for likely expenditure
All of the above
Which of the following methods would you use to enter data on gender into SPSS so you could conduct statistical analyses?
Type male or female into the appropriate column of the data view
Type M into the appropriate column for male participants and F for female participants
Enter data for male participants into SPSS first, then data for female participants second
Enter the data from male and female participants into separate data sets
Numerically code male and female with different numbers
You have installed SPSS on your personal computer. In which of the following places will you ALWAYS find the SPSS icon?
In the Programs menu
On a CD Rom
On the desktop
On a floppy disk
On your USB stick
You select File from the procedures across the top of the SPSS Data Editor. The three dots after save as... Mean which of the following?
A further submenu will appear when this option is chosen
A dialogue box will open when this option is chosen
There will be a time delay after selecting this option while the computer performs the procedure
This option cannot be chosen at present
There are three further steps after selecting this option
A simple random sample is one in which:?
From a random starting point, every nth unit from the sampling frame is selected
A non-probability strategy is used, making the results difficult to generalize
The researcher has a certain quota of respondents to fill for various social groups
Every unit of the population has an equal chance of being selected
How can you tell if your research questions are really good?
If they guide your literature search
If they are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
If they force you to narrow the scope of your research
All of the above
Research method is applicable in all of the following fields, EXCEPT?
Health care
Religion
Business
Government offices
All of the following are true statements about action research, EXCEPT?
Data are systematically analyzed
Data are collected systematically
Results are generalizable
Results are used to improve practice
What should be the content of an abstract?
The topic and the research question or hypothesis
The topic, the research question or hypothesis, objectives, and methods of the study
The topic, the research question or hypothesis, objectives and a brief résumé of the conclusions
The topic, the research question or hypothesis, objectives, and methods of the study, a brief résumé of the conclusions
In the definition of epidemiology, determinants generally includes: ?
Agents
Causes
Risk factors
Sources
All of the above
The "M" in DMFT stands for missing for what reason?
Congenitally missing teeth
Indicated for Extraction due to Caries
Indicated for Extraction for Ortho
Deciduous teeth exfoliated
Which is not true about projects:?
It is a purposeful activity
It is proceeded in social environment
It is accomplished in real life
It is teacher centred activity
Your conceptual framework is normally developed?
Before your literature review
During your literature review
After data collection
After data analysis
What should not be included in a research proposal?
A summary of existing work in the area
The proposed methods to collect data
The results that will be obtained
An acknowledgement of any ethical issues
Which of the following is NOT a function of referencing?
To demonstrate breadth of reading
To attribute a quotation
To ensure a sufficiently long reference list
To justify your approach
A literature review should include material that is:?
Directly related to your research question only
Closely related to your research question only
From the wider sports literature, but not from non-sports literature
From any available discipline if relevant
Identifying someones age is an example of?
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
When interviewing children, you should try to:?
Avoid being seen as an authority figure
Take them out of the classroom if interviewing them at school
Not be overly concerned with ethical issues
None of the above
Field notes should be:?
As brief as possible
Descriptive
Focus on a single element of the research
Made after the fieldwork
What will normally be the last of the following sections to be written?
Abstract
Literature review
Results
Conclusion
What should not be included in the introduction?
The aim of the research
A statement justifying the importance of the research
An outline of the structure of the report
An indication of the key findings
Which of the following do we recommend as ways to build your general knowledge of a topic area?
Read a good recent textbook chapter.
Look for the most recent in press publication before reading
Find and use a reader on the topic in question
Read a good recent textbook chapter, Find and use a reader on the topic in question
Why do you need to review the existing literature?
You enjoy reading the academic research on your topic.
Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count.
To find out what is already known about your area of interest
To make sure you have a long list of references.
To read the literature critically means:?
To suggest the previous research was always poorly conducted.
Skimming through the material because most of it is just padding.
Evaluating what you read in terms of your own research questions
Being negative about something before you read it.
What can a researcher use the literature to achieve?
They can demonstrate their competence by referring to prominent writings in the field.
They develop their version of the literature in such a way as to show and to lead up to the contribution they will be making in their own project or article.
They can identify a gap or problem in the literature that corresponds to the research questions.
All of the above
When accessing the internet, which of these steps is the most essential?
Recording the full URL
Noting the access dates
Downloading material to be referenced
All of the above
An inductive theory is one that:?
Involves testing an explicitly defined hypothesis
Does not allow for findings to feed back into the stock of knowledge
Uses quantitative methods whenever possible
Allows theory to emerge out of the data
Which of the following requirements for a dissertation may depend on your institution?
Whether an abstract should be included
The format for referencing
The word limit
All of the above
You can manage your time and resources best, by:?
Working out a timetable
Finding out what resources are readily available to you
Calculating a budget for likely expenditure
All of the above
How can you tell if your research questions are really good?
If they guide your literature search
If they are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
If they force you to narrow the scope of your research
All of the above
Which of the following should you think about when preparing your research?
Your sample frame and sampling strategy
The ethical issues that might arise
Negotiating access to the setting
All of the above
What practical steps can you take before you actually start your research?
Find out exactly what your institution's requirements are for a dissertation
Make sure you are familiar with the hardware and software you plan to use
Apply for clearance of your project through an ethics committee
All of above
A systematic literature review is:?
One which starts in your own library, then goes to on-line databases and, finally, to the internet
A replicable, scientific and transparent process
One which gives equal attention to the principal contributors to the area
A responsible, professional process of time-management for research
The final paper of a critical review of literature contains:?
A summary of each author's work you have read
A description of the findings in each piece of research
A synthesis of the analysis of the information in the reviewed papers
Your analysis of each piece of literature
The “tool” function of theory is to: ?
Summarize existing knowledge
Summarize existing hypotheses
Suggest new relationships and make new predictions
Suggest new theories
According to the text, which of the following orders is the recommended in the flowchart of the development of a research idea?
Research topic, research problem, research purpose, research question, hypothesis
Research purpose, research problem and hypothesis
Research topic, research purpose, research question
Research topic, hypothesis, research question
Sources of researchable problems can include: ?
Researchers’ own experiences as educators
Practical issues that require solutions
Theory and past research
All of the above
Which of the following is a function of theory?
Integrating and summarizing current knowledge
Making predictions
Explaining phenomena
All of the above
A review of the literature prior to formulating research questions allows the researcher to do which of the following?
To become familiar with prior research on the phenomenon of interest
To identify potential methodological problems in the research area
To develop a list of pertinent problems relative to the phenomenon of interest
All of the above
Computer database searches can be done: ?
With a computer with CD-ROM drive
At the library
Online
All of above
According to your text, which of the following is not a source of research ideas?
Everyday life
Practical issues
Past research
Theory
All of above
An open question is one that:?
Allows respondents to answer in their own terms
Does not suggest or provide a limited range of responses
Can help to generate answers for closed questions
All of the above
What can you do to ensure your physical safety during your research?
Be alert to the possibility of exposure to danger
Avoid interviewing alone in the respondent's residence
Make sure someone knows where you are and how you can contact them in an emergency
All of the above
The section/sentence that includes the aim or purpose of the study is found in the:?
Literature review
Methodology
Introduction
Theoretical framework
A research plan:
Should be detailed
Should be given to others for review and comments
Sets out the rationale for a research study
All of the above
The Method section of the research plan typically specifies :?
The research participants
The apparatus, instruments, and materials for the research study
The planned research procedures
All of above
The Introduction section of the research plan: ?
Gives an overview of prior relevant studies
Contains a statement of the purpose of the study
Concludes with a statement of the research questions and, for quantitative research, it includes the research hypothesis
All of above
How can you write a literature review?
First organize your resources chronologically,
Historically, thematically
An order that applies to the project
All are corrects
How do you write a research proposal?
An abstract, a statement regarding the importance of the research,
A literature review,
Research methodology and statistic
All are corrects
How do you write a research design paper?:
Identifies a problem,
Discusses literature written about the problem,
Describes the methodology used in the research project
All are corrects
The two main kinds of academic literature are:?
Primary literature and secondary literature
Original research articles and review articles
Literature review and systematic review
All are corrects
A literature review is a critical assessment of:
All existing published material on the topic
All existing published and unpublished material on the topic
Relevant studies selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria
All are corrects
An original research article cannot be published if :?
The research results are not novel
The research results are not reported
The research results are negative
All are corrects
Research is:
Searching again and again
Finding solution to any problem
Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
None of the above
Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?:
Searching sources of information to locate problem.
Survey of related literature
Identification of problem
Searching for solutions to the problem
Action research means:?
A longitudinal research
An applied research
A research initiated to solve an immediate problem
A research with socioeconomic objective
Which of the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms?
Socio-economic Status
Marital Status
Numerical Aptitude
Professional Attitude
The essential qualities of a researcher are:
Spirit of free enquiry
Reliance on observation and evidence
Systematization or theorizing of knowledge
All the above
A research paper is a brief report of research work based on:?
Primary Data only
Secondary Data only
Primary and Secondary Data
None of the above
Reading centre’s, story hours, exhibitions and reading to literature are forms of …:?
Extension service
Service of a public library
Extension service and Service of a public library
None
Informal self education is possible in what kind of library?
National Library
Public Library
Specific Library
College Library
Conference proceedings are considered as..................documents.:?
Conventional
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
An appropriate source to find out descriptive information is.........:?
Bibliography
Directory
Encyclopedia
Dictionary
Questionnaire is a :?
Research method
Measurement technique
Tool for data collection
Data analysis technique
A periodical evaluation of an employee is done through.........:?
Job rotation
Performance appraisal
Refresher course
Work guide
Controlled Group is a term used in...........:?
Survey research
Historical research
Experimental research
Descriptive research
The transmission of receiver’s reaction back to the sender is known as.............:
Noise
Feedback
Medium
Source
A set of rules that govern overall data communications system is popularly known as...............:
Protocol
Agreement
Pact
Memorandum
Staffing is concerned with providing and maintaining................resources.:?
Physical
Technical
Human
Financial
Which of the following is not true about e journals?
They are distributed through digital methods
They also have editors or editorial boards
They are publications of serial nature
They are always free of cost
Whether Library is a system?:
Yes, it has various sections as sub-systems coordinating each other forming a system
No, it cannot be a system
It is quite impossible
Library is separate from a system.
Which of the following do we recommend as ways to build your general knowledge of a topic area?
Read a good recent textbook chapter.
Look for the most recent ‘in press’ publication before reading any other material.
Find and use a reader on the topic in question
Read a good recent textbook chapter and Find and use a reader on the topic in question.
Which of the following is the sequence in which you should use a database?
Limit dates of papers; print out full text papers; read abstracts; enter search terms
Print out papers; read abstracts; limit dates; think of search terms
Think of search terms; enter terms into database; limit dates of papers; read abstracts; print out full text papers
No answer
Which of the following are top tips we offer to help you improve your use of the literature?
Keep a research notebook
Sort your references in a spreadsheet
Apply Fisher’s notation to the arguments you encounter
All are corrects
Which of these describes our advice on using internet search engines?
Engines such as Yahoo and Google are much more efficient and effective than databases such as PsycINFO
Web addresses ending in .ac.uk, or .edu are generally bona fide academic sources
Wiki entries are more up to date and accurate than journal articles
All are corrects
Which of the following are ways in which we suggest you might maximize your marks?
Using the internet to find key researchers
Review notes you made on editorial and overview papers and chapters.
Be as critically evaluative of your own study as you were of other people’s
All are corrects
To be original a study must be:
Radically different from previous research
Conducted with a sample that has never been studied before
Addressing a gap in the existing research literature
All are corrects
Which of the following requirements for a dissertation may depend on your institution?:
Whether an abstract should be included
The format for referencing
The word limit
All are corrects
The role of a project supervisor is to:
Make sure you keep to your schedule and deadlines
Provide intellectual support, guidance and critical feedback
Negotiate access to the research setting on the student's behalf
Give you a reading list
You can manage your time and resources best, by:
Working out a timetable
Finding out what resources are readily available to you
Calculating a budget for likely expenditure
All are corrects
How can you tell if your research questions are really good?
If they guide your literature search
If they are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
If they force you to narrow the scope of your research
All are corrects
Which of the following should you think about when preparing your research?
Your sample frame and sampling strategy
The ethical issues that might arise
Negotiating access to the setting
All are corrects
Why is it helpful to keep a research diary or log book while you are conducting your project?
To give you something to do in the early stages of your research when nothing is happening
Because funding councils generally demand to see written evidence that you were working every day during the period of the research
To keep a record of what you did and what happened throughout the research process
It can be added to your dissertation to ensure that you reach the required word limit
What practical steps can you take before you actually start your research?
Find out exactly what your institution's requirements are for a dissertation
Make sure you are familiar with the hardware and software you plan to use
Apply for clearance of your project through an ethics committee
All are corrects
What are the programs to use for analyze data?
SPSS program
Epiinfo program
Stata program
All are corrects
The key combinations for copying and pasting are:?
Ctrl + C and Ctrl + P, respectively
Ctrl + C and Ctrl + V, respectively
Alt + C and Alt + V, respectively
Alt + C and Alt + P, respectively
Which of the following statements about the Means... Command is true?:
The Means command will not run at all if there is no grouping variable in the data set
The Means command requires a grouping variable in the data set in order to calculate the group means
The Means command will not run if the data are ordinal
The number of groups must not exceed two
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