CLUSTER 1 P6, EquipMainte, RadBio, RadPro, QA

1. Circuit devices that will conduct electrons in only one directions are 1.) resistors 2.) valve tubes 3.) solid-state diodes

2. 2. The function of a plumbicon and vidicon is to convert: Light to an electrical signal that is sent to the tv monitor

3. The advantage of beam restriction include 1.) less scattered radiation is produced 2.) less biologic material is irradiated 3.) less total filtration will be necessary

4. Which of the following is (are) possible long-term somatic effects of radiation exposure? 1.) Nausea and vomiting 2.) carcinogenesis 3.) Leukemia

.All of the following affect patient dose except;

. If the exposure rate to an individual standing 2.0 m from a source of radiation is 15 R/min, what will be the dose received after 2 min at a distance of 5 m from the source?

Star test patterns are used to measure:

8.Patient dose during fluoroscopy is affected by the 1.) distance between the patient and the input phosphor 2.) amount of magnification 3.) tissue density

What minimum total amount of filtration (inherent plus added) is required in x-ray equipment operated above 70 kVp?

10. Which of the following devices is (are) component(s) of a typical fluoroscopic video display system? 1.) Videotape recorder 2.) Tv camera 3.) Tv monitor

11. Which of the following information is necessary to determine the maximum safe kVp, using the appropriate x-ray tube rating chart ? 1.) mA and exposure time 2.) Focal spot size 3.) imaging-system speed

Beam filtration is least likely to be required in designing the shielding for an x-ray room?

. Together, the filtering effect of the x-ray tube’s glass envelope and its oil coolant are referred to as

14. Guidelines for the use protective shielding state that gonadal shielding should be used 1.) if the patient has reasonable reproductive potential 2.) when the gonads are within 5 cm of the collimated field. 3.) when tight collimation is not possible

15. What safeguards are taken to prevent inadvertent irradiation in early pregnancy? 1.) Patient postings 2.) Patient questionnaire 3.) Elective booking

16. Sources of secondary radiation include 1.) background radiation 2.) leakage radiation 3.) scattered radiation

In bone, at what photon energy are photoelectric and Compton effects approximately equal?

18. The presence of ionizing radiation may be detected in which of the following ways? 1.) ionizing effect on air 2.) Photographic effect on film emulsion 3) fluorescent effect on certain crystals

9. Which of the following combinations would pose the least hazard to a particular anode?

Several types of exposure timers may be found on x-ray equipment. Which of the following types of timers functions to accurately duplicate radiographic densities? (A) Synchronous (B) Impulse (C) Electronic (D) Phototimer

The reduction in the intensity of an x-ray beam as it passes through material is termed

The symbols 138 BA are examples of which of the following?

. A mobile C-arm unit can provide 1.Fluoroscopic images 2.Dynamic images 3.Static Images

Immature cells are referred to as 1. Undifferentiated cells 2. Stem cells 3. Genetic cells

It is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses its energy

Which electromagnetic energy is produced in the orbital shells?

. STATEMENT A: In compliance with radiation safety standards, the fluoroscopic switch must be the dead-man type, STATEMENT B: Primary radiation must be at least 5ft high

If the exposure rate to a body standing 5ft from a radiation source is 10 mR/min, what will be the dose to that body at a distance of 8ft from the source?

Primary radiation barriers must be at least how high?

The photoelectric process is an interaction between an x-ray photon and An inner-shell electron

Which of the following are forms of energy?

The x-interaction with matter that is responsible for the majority of scattered radiation reaching the film is

For general radiography, the acceptable repeat rate should be less than:

The types of radiation produced at the target is (are) 1. Photoelectric 2. Characteristic 3. Bremsstrahlung

What is the relationship between kilovoltage (kv) and the half-value layer (HVL)

Which of the following materials is most likely to be used for mammography filtration?

According to National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) regulations, leakage radiation from the x-ray tube must not exceed

The most effective protection against radiation exposure for the radiographer is:

Irradiation of water molecules within the body, and their resulting breakdown, is termed Radiolysis

. Periodic equipment calibration includes testing of the: 1. Focal spot 2. mA 3.kV

Congruence of the x-ray beam with the light field is tested using

The skin response to radiation exposure that appears as hair loss is known as

The mass number of a stable atom is equal to: 1. Sum of protons and neutrons 2. Sum of protons and electrons 3 .Sum of electrons and neutrons

During a fluoroscopic examination, the milliamperage is

Decreased x-ray tube output can be attributed to: 1.A roughened focal track 2.Tungsten deposits on the glass envelope 3.Excessive anode rotation

What occurs when radiation transfers its energy to the cellular cytoplasm?

Some patients, such as infants and children, are unable to maintain the necessary radiographic position without assistance. If mechanical restraining devices cannot be used, which of the following should be requested or permitted to hold this patient?

The person responsible for ascertaining that all radiation guidelines are adhered to and that personnel understand and employ radiation safety measures is the

Chemical symbol for an element

Which type of target interaction is responsible for most of the x-rays in the diagnostic beam?

The largest dose to the male gonads is most likely to result from which of the following exposures?

Isotopes are atoms that have the same:

The essential function of the photomultiplier tube is to

Which of the following will occur as a result of a decrease in the anode target angle? 1. Less pronounced anode heel effect 2. Decreased effective focal spot size 3. Greater photon intensity toward the cathode side of the x-ray tube.

Exposures less than the minimum response time of an AEC may be required when 1. Using high mA 2. Using fast film/screen combinations 3. Examining large patients or body parts

The minimum response time of an automatic exposure control

When a pair of intensifying screens are mounted inside a cassette, a thicker screen may be mounted

It is penetrating electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei

The annual dose limit for occupationally exposed individuals is valid for

Diagnostic x-radiation may be correctly described as low energy, low LET.

In which of the following examinations would a cassette front with very low absorption properties be especially important?

Which of the following is likely to improve image quality and decrease patient dose? 1.Beam restriction 2.Low kV and high mAs factors 3.Grids

The voltage ripple associated with a 3-phase, 12-pulse rectified generator is about

A “controlled area” is defined as one 1.That is occupied by people trained in radiation safety. 2.That is occupied by people who wear radiation monitors. 3.Whose occupancy factor is 1.

Which of the following devices is used to control voltage by varying resistance?

Biologic material is most sensitive to irradiation under which of the following conditions?

The annual dose limit for medical imaging personnel includes radiation from 1. Medical x-rays 2. Occupational exposure 3.Background radiation

Which of the following occurs during Bremsstrahlung radiation production?

Which of the following refers to the regular program of evaluation that ensures proper functioning of x-ray equipment, thereby protecting both patients and radiation workers?

Changing x-ray tube current (mA) most likely changes the x-ray:

. Which of the following are radiation protection measures that are appropriate for mobile radiography? 1.The radiographer must be at least 6 ft from the patient and the x-ray tube during the exposure. 2.The radiographer must announce in a loud voice that an exposure is about to be made and wait for personnel, visitors, and patients to temporarily leave the area. 3.The radiographer must try to use the shortest practical

Which of the following are radiation protection measures that are appropriate for mobile radiography?

All of the following are associated with the anode except:

Which of the following statement(s) regarding transformer laws is (are) correct? 1. The voltage and current values are increased with a step-up transformer 2. The voltage is directly related to the number of turns in the two coils 3. The product of voltage and current in the two circuits must be equal

The device used to test the accuracy of the x-ray timer is the:

. Which of the following produces scatter radiation that exits the patient that may fog the image?

Which of the following is the most sensitive personnel monitoring device?

Which of the following is the correct formula for determining heat units for a three-phase, twelve pulse x-ray machine?

According to NCRP Report #116, what is the annual effective dose limit for radiography students older than age 18?

All of the following x-ray circuit devices are located between the incoming power supply and the primary coil of the high voltage transformer except the:

A manual spin top test on a single-phase radiographic room only demonstrates half the expected number of dots. What conclusion do you draw from this test?

The grid uniformity test should ensure that the grid

A thermoluminescent dosimetry system would use which of the following crystals?

Which of the following contributes most to patient dose?

. Which of the following units would be used to describe the radiation present in a fluoroscopic room?

A thermometer is needed to perform QC monitoring

Adding aluminum filters to an x-ray beam is most likely to increase x-ray:

The beam photons leaving the typical x-ray tube focus may be described as having what sort of nature?

The dose-response curve that appears to be valid for genetic and some somatic effects is the 1. linear 2. sigmoidal 3. non-threshold

Which of the following is recommended for the pregnant radiologic technologist?

What is the symbol for tungsten?

Tungsten alloy is the usual choice for the anode target material of radiographic equipment because it 1. Has high atomic number 2. Has high melting point 3. Can readily dissipate heat

It is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom 1.Electron binding energy 2.Ionization 3.Ionization potential

The most radiosensitive cells in the body are:

A three-phase timer can be tested for accuracy using a synchronous spinning top. The resulting image looks like a:

Which of the following will serve to increase the effective energy of the x-ray beam? 1. Increase added filtration 2. Increase in kilovoltage 3. Increase in milliamperage