OMF Surgery Part 1
OMF Surgery Quiz: Test Your Knowledge
Welcome to the OMF Surgery Quiz! This quiz is designed to challenge your understanding of oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures and improve your knowledge in essential areas.
Key Features:
- 30 carefully crafted questions
- Multiple choice format for easy engagement
- Flexible learning experience
Which of the following is NOT the differential diagnosis of a soft tissue lesion?
List all the most probable diagnosis
Look at the characteristics of each condition/lesion
Blood tests
Compare & distinguish between them
Choose on a “best-fit” basis
Which one of the following is NOT the investigation before extraction?
Radiographs
Antibiotic
Pulp vitality tests
Study models
Plaque disclosure
What is the ideal treatment plan?
Long-term outcomes
Address all patient concerns
Minimum intervention
All of the above
None of the above
In which cases consent should be informed before starting the treatment?
Suture removal
Surgical removal of deep unerupted mandibular wisdom teeth
Prescription writing for orofacial pain
Extraction of a maxillary second molar which the root is close proximity to the sinus
Surgical removal of deep unerupted mandibular wisdom teeth and Extraction of a maxillary second molar which the root is close proximity to the sinus
Which of one of the following is NOT the clinical factors predicting the difficulty of extractions?
Extensive loss of coronal tooth structure
Thickness of the buccal plate
Limited access to the area of extraction
Limited access to the tooth in the dental arch
Severe periodontitis
Which of one of the following is NOT the radiographic factors predicting the difficulty of extraction?
Severely divergent roots
Periapial radiolucency
Dilacerated roots
Endodontically treated teeth with or without post and core
Increased number of roots present
Which teeth are at risk for sinus exposure when doing extraction?
Lone standing maxillary molar with pneumatized maxillary sinus
Roots projecting into a severely pneumatized maxillary sinus and minimal coronal bone visible radiographically
Long divergent bulbous roots with a pneumatized sinus into the trifurcation area
Teeth with advanced periodontal disease but with no mobility; also teeth with the maxillary sinus extending into the trifurcation area
All of the above
Which one of the following is NOT one of the principles of flap designs?
Good surgical access
Avoid vital structures
A little broad base flap
Very broad base
Prevention of flap dehiscence
What are the factors to consider in flap design?
Depth of the buccal sulcus
Position & size of labial fraenum and muscle attachments
Vital structures
Size of lesion
Number of teeth to be treated
All of the above
Which one of the following is NOT one of the basic steps of surgical extraction?
Incision & raising a flap
Application of Betadine
Removal of bone
Tooth or root division
Removal of tooth or roots
Which suture that can be used in contaminated wounds?
Vicryl
Silk
Nylon
Catgut
Stainless steel
Which suture creates eversion of the wound edges?
Interrupted sutures
Continuous sutures
Horizontal mattress suture
Vertical mattress suture
Figure-of-eight suture
What sizes of the sutures that commonly used in oral cavity?
2//0
3/0 & 4/0
4/0 & 5/0
6/0
7/0
What is the atraumatic suturing technique?
No crushing tissues with forceps
Not too large suture and needle
Not too large tissue bites
Not too tight
Not too dry
All of the above
Which suture is used for extraction socket of molar teeth to control bleeding?
Horizontal mattress
Vertical mattress
Figure-of-eight and interrupted
Interrupted
Sling suture
How many knots do you need to tie tissues intra-orally?
One knot
Two knots
Three knots
Four knots
Five knots
Suture is selected depends on:
Tissue to be suturing, ie. mucosa, muscle, skin
Wound condition
Healing process, cost, and tissue tolerance
Patient’s availability to come for suture removal
All of the above
How do you prevent aspiration of a tooth or root into the lungs when doing an extraction?
Place a piece of sterilized gauze as a pharyngeal screen at the back of the patient's mouth
Place a rubber dam on the tooth
Patient stands up while extracting the tooth
Lay the patient flat while extracting the tooth
Use bite block or mouth prop
How to treat postoperative ecchymosis?
Apply ice pack on the bruise
Reassure the patient
Inject steroid
Apply warm moist pack
Reassure the patient and Apply warm moist pack
How do you avoid TMJ dislocation during dental procedures?
Tell the patient not to open too wide
Make short appointment
Use mouth prop
Support the mandible during extraction
All of the above
What are the symptoms and signs of alveolar osteitis (dry socket)?
Severe pain and discomfort from the extraction site
Pain may radiate from to other parts of the head, ear, eye, and neck
Exposed bone around the socket and Delayed healing
Remaining food debris inside the socket
All of the above
Which one of the treatment procedures of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) below is NOT always given to the patients?
Irrigate the socket with chlorhexidine
Prescribed antibiotic
Apply Alvogyl in the socket
Prescribe strong analgesics
Take note in the patient's file
Which one of the following is NOT the prevention of dry socket?
Stop smoking
Stop oral contraceptive for several days before & a few days after surgery
Give antibiotic before extraction/surgery
Minimize extraction force
Give clear oral health instruction
Which of the following are the local measures to control bleeding after surgical extraction?
Use vitamin K and Blood transfusion
Apply pressure with sterilized gauze
Use tranexamic acide injection
Place Gelfoam or Surgicel in the socket
Suture across the socket
Apply pressure with sterilized gauze, Place Gelfoam or Surgicel in the socket and Suture across the socket
In aggressive measure to control bleeding, which medication is commonly used?
Adrenoxyl
Dicinone
Tranexamic acid mouthrinse
Vitamin K
Desmopressin
Which hemostatic agent do you use to control bleeding from bone?
Gelfoam
Bone wax
Surgicel
Ferric sulfate
Thrombin
How do you prevent inferior dental nerve injury during surgical removal of mandibular wisdom teeth?
Use atraumatic surgical techniques
Use high speed to dissect the crown
Perform coronectomy
Raise small flap
Use atraumatic surgical techniques and Perform coronectomy
What are the contraindications for coronectomy?
Mobile tooth (advanced periodontitis)
Caries with potential pulp involvement and Periapical abscess
Associated with cyst which won’t resolve with the root left in place
Nerve too close to the coronectomy cut
All of the above
In coronectomy, how far from the CEJ of the crown do you need to cut?
1mm to 2mm below the CEJ
2mm to 4mm below the CEJ
4mm to 6mm below the CEJ
2cm to 4cm below the CEJ
All of the above
Which one of the following is NOT the specific warning after coronectomy?
Root exposure migration in the later date
Paresthesia of the upper lip
Later removal of roots
Roots inadvertently removed at the time of attempted coronectomy
All of the above
Which one of the following statements are NOT the treatments of acute pericoronitis?
Extraction of opposing tooth, Prescribe potent analgesics
Apply acid around the operculome
Operculectomy
Irrigation around the tooth crown with Chlorhexidine
Apply acid around the operculome and Operculectomy
Which of the following statements are NOT the factors associated with surgical difficulty of mandibular wisdom teeth?
Verical angulation
Increased age, obesity and Body mass index
Patient with no TMJ disorders
Curvature of roots & dense bone
Verical angulation and Patient with no TMJ disorders
What are the radiographic signs indicative of possible inferior alveolar nerve injury during surgical removal of unerupted mandibular wisdom teeth?
Darkening of the root and Narrowing of the roots
Deflection of the root
Interruption of radiopaque line
Diversion of canal
Darkening of the root, Deflection of the root and Interruption of radiopaque line
Which case the enucleation of cyst in applied?
Small cyst in the jaws
Large cysts near vital structures
Ameloblastoma with aggressive behaviour
Cystic fibrosis
All of the above
Which case of cyst do you need to do marsupialization?
Very large cyst involving vital structures
Traumatic bone cyst
Pocket cyst of lateral incisor
Mucous retention cyst in the floor of the mouth (ranula)
Very large cyst involving vital structures and Mucous retention cyst in the floor of the mouth (ranula)
Which flap design is best indicated for an apicectomy of maxillary incisors with ceramic crowns on?
Seminlunar flap
Triangular flap
Modified scallop semilunar
Rectangular flap
All of the above
Which of the following is the most recommended and affordable retrograde filling material for apicectomy?
Amalgam
Gutta percha
Glass Ionomer cement
Zinc Oxide Eugenol or IRM
EBA
How to diagnose an Oro-antral fistula?
Squeeze patient nose & ask to strongly blow to see air bubble
Insert a large needle into fistula & take X-ray
Use the probe to explore the fistula
None of the above
All of the above
Which one of the following is NOT the factors influencing the course of infection?
Portal of entry
Virulence
Patient's weight
Pathogenicity
Host defens
What are the investigations for infection?
Take swap of pus for microbiology & antibiotic sensitivity
Immunoflurescence
Blood culture
Urine test
Take swap of pus for microbiology & antibiotic sensitivity and Blood culture
Which of the following are NOT the modes of spread of infection?
Saliva
Lymphatic, Blood
Tear
Direct spread
Saliva and Tear
Where can the infection spread from maxillary 2nd premolar spread to?
Maxillary sinus
Palatal space
Infratemporal space
Infraorbital space or buccal space
All of the above
Where can the infection from mandibular molars spread to?
Submandibular or buccal space
Sublingual space
Submental space
Lateral pharyngeal space
All of the above
Which one of the following space that the infection from the mandibular 3rd molar will NOT spread to?
Pterygomandibular
Lateral pharyngeal
Submandibular
Palatal space
Submesseteric
Which type of acute infection that can cause airway compromised?
Infraorbital space
Ludwig’s Angina
Buccal space
Canine space
Cavernous sinus
What is the most important and first step to treat acute infection?
Prescribe antibiotic
Prescribe analgesics
Antiseptic mouthwash
Incision and drainage of pus
All of the above
What is the first line antibiotic for acute infection?
Rodogyl
Tetracycline
Amoxicillin or with clavulanic acid
Cephaxin
All of the above
In which case do you need to refer the patient to the hospital?
Localized infection
Ludwig’s Angina
Palatal abscess
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Ludwig’s Angina and Cavernous sinus thrombosis
How to confirm the definitive diagnosis of a soft tissue lesion (diameter ˃2cm) on the lateral border of the tongue?
Blood test
Fine needle aspiration
Incisional biopsy
Excisional biopsy
All of the above
What are the principles of treatment of benign soft tissue lesions?
Observe
Reduce
Excise
Resect
All of the above
Which lesions are needed for fine needle aspiration?
Vascular lesions
Fluctuant soft tissue pathology
Surgical emphysema
Intraosseous pathology
Fluctuant soft tissue pathology and Intraosseous pathology
What are the flap designs for frenectomy?
Elliptical incision, Triangular flap
Z-plasty, Semilunar flap
V-type incision, Rectangular flap
Elliptical incision, Z-plasty and V-type incision
Elliptical incision, Z-plasty and V-type incision and Triangular flap
Which of the following statements are the clinical assessments of unerupted maxillary canines?
Observation or visual inspection for bulging, lateral incisors’ position
Taking radiographs, Retained deciduous canines
Palpation on both labial & palatal sides for bone projection
Family history of missing canines
Probing by using a Michelle Trimmer
Observation or visual inspection for bulging, lateral incisors’ position, Palpation on both labial & palatal sides for bone projection and Probing by using a Michelle Trimmer
Which one of the following is NOT the radiographic assessment of unerupted maxillary canines?
OPG
Sialogram
Periapical X-rays
Occlusals: Ant. & Vertex Occlusal
Lateral Cephalogram
Which one of the following is NOT the treatment option of unerupted maxillary canines?
Surgical removal of unerupted canine
Interceptive removal of primary canine
No treatment or leave in-situ
Surgical exposure with orthodontic alignment
Laser treatment
What are the criteria for surgical removal of unerupted maxillary canines?
Patient is older than 16 years old
Good contact between premolar & lateral incisor
Poor prognosis for alignment
Good aesthetic of a retained deciduous canine with a long root
Unwilling to wear orthodontic appliance
All of the above
When aspirate a cystic lesion which shows cholesterol, what type of cyst might it be?
Dentigerous cyst
Eruption cyst
Inflammatory cyst
Odontogenic keratocyst
Aneurysmal bone cyst
When aspirate a cyst-like lesion which shows blood, what type of lesion might it be?
Contamination, Lipoma
Aneurysmal bone cyst, Radicular cyst
Haemengioma
Mucoccel
Contamination, Aneurysmal bone cyst and Haemengioma
When aspirate a cyst-like lesion which shows air, what type of lesion/structure might it be?
Salivary gland duct
Maxillary sinus
Traumatic bone cyst
Nerve canal
Maxillary sinus, Traumatic bone cyst
Which of one the following lesions do NOT need to do excisional biopsy?
Firoepithelial polyps
Mucocoeles
Fibromas
Haemengioma
Papillomas
ើ Abscess of base of upper lip, Subperiosteal abscess,Vestibular abscess,Intraalveolar abscess of maxilla&Mandible ,Infraorbital abscess,Buccal abscess ស្ឝិឝក្នុងក្រុមណា?
Low severity
Medium severity
High severity
Diffuse abscess.
ើ Treatment of chronic osteitis គ៝ឝ្រូវធ្វើដូចម្ឝ៝ចឝ្លះ?
Incision and drainage.
Debridement -the removal of foreign material or devitalized tissue from the vicinity of a wound. Remove teeth,Incision and Drainage
Sequestrectomy,Saucerization- an excavation of the tissue of a wound to form a shallow,saucelike depression.
Irrigation and medical treatment.
ើអ្វីទៅដែលហៅឝា The sinusitis ?
Sinusitis is a flammation of medular bone.
Sinusitis is a painful swelling of the soft tissue of the mouth and face resultating from a diffuse spreading of purulent exudate along the facial planes that separate the muscle bundles.
Sinusitis is an inflammatory of the mucosa of the sinus.
Sinusitis is an infection of sinus bone.
ើ Sinuses មានអឝ្ឝប្រយោជន៝ដែរឬទ៝?
្មានអឝ្ឝប្រយោជន៝អ្វីសោះ
ានអឝ្ឝប្រយោជន៝ច្រើនដូចជាLighten head, protect eyes and nasal cavity, produce resonant tones of voice, insulation, air conditioning, water conservation, olfaction, strengthen area against trauma.
ិនសូវជាមានអឝ្ឝប្រយោជន៝ប៉ុន្មានទ៝
Sinus វាបង្កបញ្ហាច្រើនណាស់ ដូចជារលាកឬAllergy
ើ Classification of mandibular fracture by location មានអ្វីឝ្លះ?
Close and open fracture.
Simple Fx, compound Fx,comminuted Fx, greenstick Fx,Complex Fx, telescoped or impacted Fx.
Dentoalveolar Fx, symphysisFx, parasymphysis Fx,body Fx, angle Fx, coronoid Fx, condyle Fx.
Class I (កន្លែងបាក់មានធ្ម៝ញ ), Class II(កន្លែងបាក់មានធ្ម៝ញ), Class III ( អ្នកជំងឺគ្មានធ្ម៝ញសោះ)
ើ MMF គ៝ឝ្រូវដោះច៝ញក្នុងរយះព៝លប៉ុន្មានឝ្ងៃ?
2 weeks
4-6 weeks
10 weeks
3 months
ើអ្វីទៅដែលហៅឝា Abscess or Cellulitis ?
Cellulitis is a flammation of medular bone.
Cellulitis is a painful swelling of the soft tissue of the mouth and face resultating from a diffuse spreading of purulent exudate along the facial planes that separate the muscle bundles.
Cellulitis is an acute deep suppurative abcess of upper neck and perioral area.
Cellilitis is inflammation of hair follicle from infection or trauma or Chemical irritation.
ើ Abscess or Cellulitis កកើឝឡើងពីអ្វី?
Inflammation of hair follicles
Chronic of apical infection
Acute of apical infection
Chronic blistering disease
ើ Spread of pus inside tissues មានចំនួនប៉ុន្មានផ្លូវ?អ្វីឝ្លះ?
By continuity through tissue spaces and planes, by way of the lymphatic system and by way of blood circulation.
By way of the lymphatic system by way of the lymphatic System.
By way of blood circulation.
By direct skin-to-skin contact with the infected areas.
ើ Classification of cellulitis មានចំនួនប៉ុន្មាន?អ្វីឝ្លះ?
Acute and chronic.
Acute, subacute and chronic
Low severity,medium severity and high severity.
Odontogenic and nonodontogenic cellulitis.
ើ Facial plan មានចំនួនប៉ុន្មាន ?
Surface of gingiva, palatal abscess and maxillary sinus.
Surface of gingiva, palatal abscess , maxillary sinus,
Maxilla and mandible
Surface of gingiva, palatal abscess , maxillary sinus, maxilla and mandible, floor of the mouth.
Vestibular region and palatal region.
ើ Submental, Submandibular,Sublingual,Masseteric,Pterygomandibular,Superficial temporal,Deep temporal ស្ឝិឝក្នុងក្រុមណា?
C-Low severity
Medium severity
High severity
Diffuse abscess.
ឝើ Diffuse Cellulitis ,Ludwig’s angina,Lateral Pharyngeal Space Abscess,Retropharyngeal Abscess ស្ឝិឝក្នុងក្រុមណា?
Low severity
Medium severity
High severity
Diffuse abscess.
ើ Goals of management of odontogenic infection មានអ្វីឝ្លះ?
Medical treatment.
Incision and drainage.
Airway protection,Surgical drainage,Medical support of the patient ,Identification of etiologic bacteria,Selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Laser therapy.
ើ អ្វីទៅដែលហៅឝា The osteitis ?
Osteitis is an flammatory process within medullary (Trabecular) bone that involves the marrow spaces
Osteitis is a painful swelling of the soft tissue of the mouth and face resultating from a diffuse spreading of purulent exudate along the facial planes that separate the muscle bundles.
Osteitis is an acute deep suppurative abcess of upper neck and perioral area.
Osteitis is a rare group of blistering autoimmune diseases.
ើ Classification of osteitis មានចំនួនប៉ុន្មាន?អ្វីឝ្លះ
Acute and chronic osteitis .
Acute, subacute and chronic osteitis.
Low severity,mederate severity and high severity.
Close and open osteitis.
ៅព៝លដែលល៝ចច៝ញនូវ Purulent exudate ,fistula and sequestra ឝើគ៝ចាឝ់វាជា Osteitis ប្រភ៝ទណា?
Acute osteitis.
Chronic osteitis.
Osteomyelitis.
Diffuse osteitis.
ើ Blood supply to the mucous membrane of sinus មានសសៃឈាមណាឝ្លះ?
Facial and maxillary arteries.
Facial ,maxillary and infraorbital arteries
Facial ,maxillary , infraorbital arteries and greater palatine arteries.
External Carotid artery.
ើ The nerve supply to the mucous membrane of sinus មានសសៃប្រសាទ ណាឝ្លះ?
V1 of trigeminal nerve or Nerve ophthalmic.
V2 of trigeminal nerve or superior dental nerve and the greater palatine nerve
V3 of trigeminal nerve or Inferior alveolar nerve.
Facial nerve.
ើ Radiograph ប្រភ៝ទណាមួយ ដែលអាចមើលទៅឃើញInfection of Sinuses បានច្បាស់?
Periapical radiograph
PA projection
OPG or panoramic radiograph
CTScan or Water view
ើម្បីធ្វើ Antral closure of Oroantral Communication ឝើគ៝ប្រើ Flap ប្រភ៝ទណាឝ្លះ?
Vestibular flap
Palatal flap
Vestibular flap,Palatal flap, Bridge flap,Fat pad flap
Fat pad flap
ើ Classification of maxillary fracture by location មានអ្វីឝ្លះ ?
Close Fracture and open Fracture
Le Fort I,Le Fort II and Le Fort III Fractures.
Nasal Fracture and Zygomatic Complex Fracture.
Pan facial
ើ NOE Fracture ចូលរួមផ្សំដោយឆ្អឹងណាឝ្លះ ?
Frontal bone,nasal bone, maxillary bone.
Frontal bone,nasal bone, maxillary bone, lacrimal bone.
Frontal bone,nasal bone, maxillary bone, lacrimal bone, ethmoid bone and sphenoid bone.
Nasal bone,eth moid bone and sphenoid bone.
ើ Zygomatic complex Fracture ចូលរួមផ្សំដោយឆ្អឹងណាឝ្លះ ?
Zygomatic bone,Frontozygomatic bone and Zygomatic arch.
Zygomatic bone,Frontozygomatic bone , Zygomatic arch,Orbital rim.
Zygomatic bone,Frontozygomatic bone , Zygomatic arch,Lateral orbital rim,infraorbital rim,orbital floor, anterior and lateral maxillary sinus.
Zygomatic bone,Frontozygomatic bone and Zygomaticarch.
ើThe treatment of Zygomatic Complex Fracture យ៉ាងដូ ម្ឝ៝ចដែរ?
MMF or IMF Technique
Trans osseous wiring
Trans osseous wiring and Mini bone plates.
Reduction alone and reduction &fixation.
ើ Classification of mandibular fracture by type មានអ្វីឝ្លះ?
Close and open fracture.
Simple Fx,compound Fx,comminuted Fx,greenstick Fx,Complex Fx,telescoped or impacted Fx.
Dentoalveolar Fx,symphysisFx,parasymphysis Fx,body Fx,angle Fx,coronoid Fx,condyle Fx.
Class I (កន្លែងបាក់មានធ្ម៝ញ ),Class II(កន្លែងបាក់មានធ្ម៝ញ)Class III ( អ្នកជំងឺគ្មានធ្ម៝ញសោះ)
ើ Treatment of compound Fx ឝ្រូវធ្វើដូចម្ឝ៝ចឝ្លះ?
MMF Technique.
Trans osseous wiring
Trans osseous wiring and Mini bone plates.
External fixation.
ើ Simple fractures of condyle គ៝ព្យាបាលដូចម្ឝ៝ច?
MMF Technique
Osteosynthesis
Bandage
Dental wiring.
ើ Compound fractures of condyle គ៝ព្យាបាលដូចម្ឝ៝ច
MMF Technique
Osteosynthesis by ORIF
Bandage
External fixation.
ំពោះ Edentulous patient គ៝ព្យាបាលដូចម្ឝ៝ច?
MMF Technique
Osteosynthesis
Gunning’s splint
Gunning`s splint or Osteosynthesis.
The volume of maxillary sinus is :
15-30 ml
10 ml
40 ml
50 ml
Maxillary sinus is also known as :
Paranasal sinus
Antrum of Highmore
Antrum of Keith
No other name
The best view for maxillary sinus is :
PA view
AP view
PA view in waters`s position
Lateral view of skull
<<Caldwell-luc >>procedure is done to :
Visualize the antrum from oral cavity
Visualize the antrum from nasal cavity
To establish drainage through nasal cavity
To pack the maxillary antrum
Acute maxillary sinusitis :
Results in referred pain to a single tooth
Results in referred pain to the orbit and maxillary posterior tooth
Is exacerbated by cold history
Is usually a non-infection process
A tooth displaced into maxillary antrum can be removed by :
Caldwell-luc procedure
Transalveolar extraction
Bergers`s method
Intranasal antrostomy
The other name of maxillary sinus is :
Antrum of Highmore
Antrum of Denver
Antrum of Khnopfleer
Antrum of Wilson
The base of the maxillary sinus is formed by the :
Zygomatic bone
Orbital floor
Hard palate
Lateral wall of the nose
The shape of the adult maxillary sinus is :
Rhomboid
Trapezoid
Rectangular
Pyramidal
The incidence of oro-antral fistulae is less in :
Children and young adults
Midle aged adults
Elderly
All of the above
The apex of the maxillary sinus faces the :
Nasal bone
Floor of the orbit
Palate
Zygomatic process of the maxilla
The treatment of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis is :
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Sequestrectomy,saucerization and hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Sequestrectomy ,with hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Saucerization only
Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis is also known as :
Perosteitis ossificans
Condensing osteitis
Garre`s osteomyelitis
Alveolar osteitis
Garre`s osteomyelitis was first described by Garre in the year :
1873
1883
1893
1903
Inflammatory cells seen chiefly in acute suppurative osteomyelitis histology are :
Plasmacells
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Neurophilic PMNL`s
After decortication of mandible in osteomyelitis,closed irrigation suction and/or placement of antibiotic is done for a period of :
5-7 days
7-10 days
10-14 days
14-20 days
Decortication of the mandible for the treatment of osteomyelitis was described by:
Maxwell
Mowlem
Mader
Michellin
For a patient of osteomyelitis who is allergic to penicillin,all of the following drugs are recommended as 2nd and 3rd choices except :
Clindamycin
Cephalosporin
Erythromycin
Sulfa drugs
Radiographic characteristics of osteomyelitis were described by :
Wilson
Worth
Wright
Williams
All of the following are true about osteomyelitis of the mandible, except :
Symphysis is more commonly involved than angle
Ramus is more commonly involved than symphysis
Body is more commonly involved than symphysis
Angle is more commonly involved than condyle
Osteomyelitis of the jaws is primarily caused by :
Peptostreptococcus
Prevotella (Bacteroids)
Streptococcus sp
Vincent`s organism
The most common organisms isolated from primary hematogenuos osteomyelitis of long bones in adult :
Staphylococcus sp
E.coli
Salmonella typhi
Pneumococcus
A small opening is made into the maxillary antrum during extraction, immediate treatment is :
Phack the socket with gauge
Allow the clot to form No special treatment is necessary
Place the patient on antibiotics
Rise a big mucoperiosteal flap and close the antrum
The muscles that aid in displacement of maxillary fractures are :
Masseter
Temporalis
Upper part of orbicularis and lower part of orbicularis occuli
None of the above
To drain pus from an abscess,the surgeon should :
Cut and eclipse from the abscess surface to allow for a drain
Aspirate the contents
Penetrate into abscess cavity and probe with an artery to allow for flow of
Cut only the mucosa and skin
Treatment of choice to localized infection with pus is :
Antibiotc administration
Establish drainage
Apply col to the area
Advise hot mouth washes
Among of the followinh which is treatment of choice for infection with fluctuation in an afebrile patient ?:
Administration of antibiotics
Application of hot packs to the area
Incision and drainage
Antibiotics administration followed by I and D
A fracture mandible should be immobilized an everage of :
3 weeks
6 weeks
9 weeks
12 weeks
Fracture of mandible all are true except :
Fractures of the mandible are common at the angle of the mandible
Fractures of the mandible are effected by the muscle pull
Fractures of the mandible are usually characterized by sublingual hematoma
C.S.F. Rhinorrhea is a common finding
The ideal treatment for fracture of the angle of mandible is :
Transosseous wiring
Intermaxillary fixation
Plating on the lateral side of the body of the mandible
Plating at the inferior border of the mandible
Most common complication of condylar injuries in children :
Pain
Ankylosis
Osteoartrhitis
Fracture of glenoid fossa
Primary healing of a mandibular fracture is seen following fixation with :
Gunning splints
Compression plates
Trans-osseous wires
Champy plates
In the maxilla,a compression plate can be safely applied along the :
Infraorbital margin
Anterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus
Frontozygomatic suture
Zygomaticomaxillary suture
To provide absolute stability of the fracture ends by a compression bone plate,the minimum number of screws that have to be placed on both side of the fracture line is :
Six
Two
Three
Four
After extraction of maxillary first molar,a communication is found between the palatal socket and a disease of free maxillary sinus which measure 0.2 cm.The best treatment is :
Allow the clot to form advice proper home care
Primary closure and antihistamine
Gold foil closure
Caldwell-Luc operation
True open bite is caused by :
Horizontal fracture of the maxilla
Unilateral fracture of mandibular angle
Fracture of the coronoid process of left side of mandible
Fracture of mandibular symphysis
In depressed zygomatic arch fracture, difficulty in opening the mouth is caused by impingement of:
Condyles
Ramus
Petrous temporal
Coronoid process
Which is the immediate danger to a patient with severe facial injuries :
Bleeding
Associated fracture spine
Infection
Respiratory obstruction
Le fort 1 fracture is characterized by:
Bleeding from the ear
Bleeding from the antrum
Angle class 2 skeletal relationship
None of the above
Suturing in facial wound injuries should be done with in:
2 hours
6 hours
4 hours
8 hours
Paresthesia is seen with which of the following types of fractures:
Subcondylar
Zygomatico maxillary
Coronoid process
Symphyseal
Forceps used for maxillary fracture disimpaction:
Rowe's
Bristows
Ashs
Walshams
A patient is in shock with gross comminuted fracture, immediate treatment is to give :
Normal saline
Ringer's lactate solution
Whole blood
Plasma expanders
Walsham's forceps are used to :
Remove teeth
Remove root
Clamp blood vessels
Reduce nasal bone fractures
"Panda facies" is commonly seen after:
Le fort I fractures
Le fort II fractures
Mandible fractures
None of the above
CSF rhinorrhea is not found in
Lefort 1
Lefort II
Lefort III
Ethmoidal
Gillis approach for reduction of zygomatic fractures is done through :
Temporal fossa
Intra temporal fossa
Infra orbital fossa
All of the above
Which of the following is not a feature of Le Fort II fracture :
Enophthalmos
Malocclusion
Paraesthesia
CSF rhinorrhea
The first step in management of head injury is :
Secure airway
I.V. mannitol
I.V. dexamethasone
Blood transfusion
CSF rhinorrhea is found in :
Frontal bone structure
Zygomatico maxillary fracture
Naso ethmoidal fracture
Condylar fracture
Le Fort III fracture is the same as :
Craniofacial dysjunction
Guerrin's fracture
Pyramidal fracture
None of the above
Fixation with pack in maxillary sinus is :
To support comminuted fracture of the body of zygomatic complex
To support and reconstitute comminuted orbital floor fracture
To protect mucosal covering of maxillary sinus
To support comminuted fracture of the body of zygomatic complex and To support and reconstitute comminuted orbital floor fracture are correct
Floating maxilla is typically found in :
Le Fort I or guerin fractures
Le Fort II or pyramidal fractures
Craniomandibular dysjunction
All of the above
In a patient of head injury which is more important to note first:
Pupillary light reflex
Pupillary size
Corneal reflex
Ability to open eye
Which of the following always indicates obstruction to the airway?:
Slow pounding pulse
Stertoreous breathing
Increase in pulse rate
Decrease in blood pressure
Moon face is seen in:
Le Fort I
Le Fort II
Le Fort III
Orbital fractures
In blow out fractures which of the following is seen:
Enophthalmos
Exophtholmos
Bulbar hemorrhage
None
Diplopia after fracture results from entrapment of:
Inferior rectus
Inferior oblique
Lateral rectus
Superior oblique
In Le Fort III fracture all are seen except:
Crack pot sound on tapping teeth
CSF rhinorrhea
Fracture at frontozygomatic suture
Whole face is mobile
None of the above
The muscle that aids in displacement of maxillary fractures are:
Masseter
Temporalis
Orbicularis oculi and orbicularis oris
None of the above
What is the name of the fracture that is clinically detected by tugging on the maxilla/hard palate causing the nose to move.:
Le fort 1
Le fort 2
Le fort 3
Le fort 4
Which facial view xray is the best for examining the orbits and midface?:
OPG
Waters or occipitomental
Caldwell or PA view
Submental vertex
Towne
A tripod fracture involves what?:
It is another word for le fort fracture
Zygomaticotemperal and zygomatico frontal suture diastasis and inferiororbital rim fracture
Fracture through maxilla, zygomatic arch and nasal bones
Fracture through neck angle and body of the mandible
Which part of the mandible is fractured the most frequently in trauma?:
Condyle
Ramus
Body
Symphysis
Maxillary sinus is usually involved in fractures:
Le fort 1
Zygomatic arch fracture
Le fort 3
Nasoethmoidal fracture
If a fracture of jaw bone is communicated to external environment ,it is called :
Comminuted fracture
Compound fracture
Simple fracture
Transverse fracture
Le fort 3 fracture is also called :
Horizontal fracture
Pyramidal fracture
Transverse fracture
Green stick fracture
Inflammation of most or all para nasal sinuses simultaneously is described as :
Pan sinusitis
Sinusitis
Para nasal sinusitis
Sinus thrombosis
Maxillary sinus infection of odontogenic origin is most commonly caused by :
Aerobic bacteria
Anaerobic bacteria
Fungal
Viral
Surgical blade used for drainage of abscess is :
Blade No 12
Blade No 15
Blade No 11
Blade No 22
Goals of Maxillomandibular Fixation (MMF) :
Restore occlusion
Reduction of fracture segments
Stabilization of fracture segments
All of the above
Facial fractures are diagnosed from :
History
Physical examination
Radiographs
All of the above
Squestrum is a :
Necrotized bone
Newly formed bone
Vital bone
Reactive bone formation
Acute osteomyelitis in maxilla is :
Localized
Diffuse
Widespread
None of the above
The most common cause of cellulitis in face is :
Dental carie
Pericoronitis
Trauma
Antral infection
A diffuse inflammation of soft tissue that is not circumscribed is an :
Abscess
Granuloma
Swelling
Cellulutis
A focal gross thickening of the periosteum with peripheral bone formation is :
Chronic osteomyelitis
Condencing osteitis
Garre`s osteomyelitis
Periostitis
The most common orgeism associated with cellulitis is :
Streptococci
Staphylococci
Actinomyces
Lactobacillus
A corne-shaped space infection involving inner canthus of eye is :
Canine space
Buccal space
Parotid space
Palatal abscess
During the Gillies approach,the structure of anatomic significance is :
Superficial temporal artery
Marginal mandibular nerve
Internal jugular vein
Inferior alveolar nerve
An unfavorable displaced fracture of the mandibular angle is difficult to treat because of :
Muscle pull causes distraction
Malocclusion secondary to the injury
Injury to nerves and vessels
Bone in that region is very thick
Among the following which may produce respiratory obstruction ?:
Bilateral condylar fracture
Symphysis fracture of the mandible
Bilateral fracture of mandible in the second premolar area
Fracture of the angle of the mandible
In a patient with bilateral dislocated fractures of the neck of the mandibular condyles one can expect the following clinical signs :
Anterior open bite
Inability to protrude the mandible
Inability to bring posterior molars into contact
Anterior open bite and Inability to protrude the mandible
Of the following which facial bone is most frequently fractured ?:
Mandible
Maxilla
Nasal
Zygomatic
Which of the following is complication often open fracture ?:
Malunion
Nonunion
Infection
Crepitation
Principles in treatment fractures include :
Reduction of fracture
Fixation of fracture and restoration of occlusion
Immmobilisation
All of the above
Depressed fracture of the zygomatic area may be clinically recognized by :
Concavity of the overlaying tissue in the zygomatic arch area
Interference with movements of the mandible
Subluxation of condyles
Concavity of the overlaying tissue in the zygomatic arch area and Interference with movements of the mandible
Which of the following is characteristic of lefort fracture ?:
CSF rhinorrhea
Bleeding from the ear
Bleeding into antrum
CSF rhinorrhea and Bleeding from the ear
After a depressed fracture of zygomatic arch mandibular movement is restricted.The most probable reason is :
Disruption of TMJ
Spasm of the lateral pterygoid muscle
Mechanical impingement of the fracture fragment on the coronoid process
Splinting action of masseter and medial pterygoid muscle
Among the following which is compound fracture ?:
Fracture with many small fragments
Fracture in a star shaped appearance
Fracture with communition with the oral cavity
Fracture with bleeding into the masticator space
The mini-bone plate system is a :
Compressive bone plating system
Monocortical system
Bicortical system
None of the above
The minimum number of miniplates required in fractures anterior to canine in mandible is:
No plate is required since anterior region develops less amount of tension forces than in molar region
Only one plate as in molar region
Two plates
Three plates
Minimum number of screw required for fixation of miniplate are :
One screw on each side of fracture site
Two screws on each side of fracture site
Three screws on each side of fracture site
Two screws in small fragment and three screws in large fragment
Risdom wiring is indicated for :
Body fracture
Angle fracture
Symphysis fracture
Subcondylar fracture
The most common complication of maxillofacial injuries requiring immediate attention is:
Haemorrhage
Airway obstruction
Infection
Shock
The Gillies approach is used to gain acess to the following bone :
Nasal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxilla
Temporal bone
While doing circumferential wiring around a mandibular Gunning splint,care most be taken not to damage the :
Mandibular branch of the facial nerve
Facial artery as it crosses the anteroinferior of the masseter
The lingual nerve
The submsndibular gland and its duct
The elastic traction used commonly to reduce facial fractures,does so by overcoming :
The active mascular pull that distracts the fragments
The organized connected tussue at the fracture site
All of the above
The malposion caused by the direction and force of trauma
Panda facies is commonly seen after :
Le fort 1 fractures
Le fort 2 fractures
Zygoatic arch fractures
Orbital blow-out fractures
A subconjunctival haemorrhage remains bright red in colour for a long time because of the :
Permeability of the conjunctiva to oxygen
Natural colour of blood
Lack of drainage of the pooled blood
None of the above
The following fracture is usually pyramidal in shape :
Le firt I fracture
Le fort II fracture
Le fort III fracture
Mandibular symphysis fracture
Cranio facial disjunction commonly occurs in :
Le fort I fracture
Le fort III fracture
Mandibular symphysis fracture
Mandibular condyle
Gilli`s approach is :
Used to block inferior alveolar nerve
Used to reduce the fractured zygoma
Placed just anterior to the ear
One of the frequent approach for condylar surgery
Contraindications of close reduction are :
Alcoholic and siezure disorder
Mental retardation and nutritional concerns
Respiratory diseases(COPD) and unfavorable fractures
All of the above
Indications of close reduction are :
Nondisplaced favorable fractures
Mandibular fractures in children with developing dentition.
Condylar fractures(intracapsular fracture )
All of the above
Indications of open reduction are :
Unfavorable/unstable mandibular fractres/Multiple fractures of the facial bones
Fractures of an edentulous mandibule fracture with severe displacement and malunion
Delayed treatment with interposition of soft tissue that prevents closed reduction techniques to reapproximate the fragments
All of the above
Indication of Transosseous wiring :
Control of edentulous posterior fragment and edentulous mandibular fractures
Grossly comminuted fractures
Control of lower border when upper border has been fixed by conventional methods
All of the above
The treatment goals of condylar fractures:
To restore mandibular function, occlusion, prevent growth disturbances, and maintain symmetry
Must avoid ankylosis
Use short periods of IMF (7-14 days), then jaw opening exercises; in children under 3 years, immediate function necessary to prevent ankylosis
All of the above
Which methods of treatment are appropriate for reduction of a fractured mandibular angle in a dentate patient :
Intramaxillary fixation(IMF) using eyelet wires
IMF using arch bars
Mini bone plates
IMF using K-wires
What is/are the clinical features of cellulitis?
Redness(erythema) and warmth
Swellin(edema)
Tenderness or pain
All of the above
How many types of localized odontogenic infection?
Periapical Infections - infection at the apex of an abscessed tooth.
Periodontal Infections – soft tissue infection in the periodontal pocket from advanced periodontitis.
Pericoronal Infections – soft tissue infection around the crown of the unerupted or partially erupted tooth.
All of the above.
Spread of pus inside tissues from the site of the initial lesion, inflammation may spread in many ways:
By continuity through tissue spaces and planes
By way of the lymphatic system
By way of blood circulation
All of the above
To drain pus from a submental abscess,the surgeon should :
Cut and eclipse from the abscess surface to allow for a drain
Aspirate the contents
A horizontal incision should be placed 1–3 cm below the lower border of the mandible rather than the top of the swelling (abscess) to exploit gravity to encourage drainage
Cut only the mucosa and skin
To drain pus from a submandibular abscess,the surgeon should :
Cut and eclipse from the abscess surface to allow for a drain
The incision for drainage is performed on the skin, approximately 1 cm beneath and parallel to the inferior border of the mandible.
Aspirate the contents
Cut only the mucosa and skin
What is the most important and first step to treat acute infection?
Prescribe antibiotic
Prescribe analgesics
Incision and drainage of pus
All of the above
Which type of abscess that can cause airway obstruction?
Subcutaneous abscess
Ludwig’s Angina
Buccal abscess
All of the above
In which case do you need to refer the patient to the hospital?
Localized infection
Ludwig’s Angina
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Ludwig’s Angina & Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Ludwig`s angina was first described by :
The German physician, Wilhelm Frederick von Ludwig in 1836.
Maxwell
Garre in the year 1893
Rene LeFort
Dry soket is also termed all except :
Localized acute alveolar osteomyelitis
Acute suppurative osteomyelitis
Alveolar osteitis
Alveolalgia
The treatment of dry socket :
Curettage the socket and Irrigation with chlorhexidine
Place Alvogyl in the socket
Prescribe strong analgesics
All of the above
Radiolucencies due to spreading infection of osteomyelitis:
Moth eaten r/lucency, I.e. irregular & poorly outline
Radiopaque sequestrae, I.e. Piece of necrotic bone
Patchy,ragget & ill define radiolucency
All of the above.
ើព៝លណាធ្វើ Churgical treatment of sinusitis by using technique of Caldwell Luc?
Acute sinusitis
Subacute sinusitis
Chronic terminal of sinusitis.
Chronic sinusitis.
How to diagnose an Oro-antral fistula?
Squeeze patient nose & ask to strongly blow to see air bubble
Insert a large needle into fistula & take X-ray
Use the probe to explore the fistula
None of the above
Subconjunctival bleed with no posterior border indicates fracture of which bone:
Maxilla
Mandible
Zygoma
Nasal
The weakest part of mandible where fracture occurs :
Neck condyle
Angle of mandible
Canine fossa
Midline
The most common fracture of face is that of :
Mandible
Maxilla
Zygoma
Nasal bone
Sinus disease is best demonstrated by :
CTscan
Plain X-ray
Tomography
Ultrasound
Nasal pyramid consist of :
Nasal bones and Nasal septum
Frontal processes of maxilla
Lateral cartilages
All the above
Diplopia is caused by:
Hematoma or edema arround extraoccular muscle
Neuromuscular injury
Disruption of attachment of inferior rectus or inferior oblique muscle
All the above
Signs and Symptoms of LeFort I fracture :
Damaged teeth and soft tissues,swelling and bruising and deformity of alveolus
Crepitus over maxilla,ecchymosis in buccal vestibule and epistaxis
Malocclusion,maxilla mobility or Independent movement of fragments,altered sensation
All of the above
Signs and Symptoms of LeFort II fracture :
Midface crepitus,face lengthening and anterior open bite
Malocclusion, mobility of maxilla,bilateral epistaxis and infraorbital paresthesia
Ecchymoses: buccal vestibule, periorbital, subconjunctival ,orbital rim defects and paraesthesis (infra-orbital nerve)
All of the above
Signs and Symptoms of LeFort III fracture :
Bilateral periorbital edema , ecchymosis,step deformity palpated infraorbital, nasofrontal area and infraorbital paresthesia
Bilateral epistaxis,often medial canthal deformity,often unequal pupil height,face lengthening: “caved-in” or “donkey face”
Malocclusion: “open bite”,lateral orbital rim defect and ecchymoses: periorbital, subconjunctival
All of the above
LeFort Fractures were described by :
Wilson
Rene LeFort,1991.
Knight and North
Williams
The coronal or bi-temporal approach is used to expose :
The anterior cranial vault
The forehead
The apper and middle regions of the facial skeleton.
All of the above
Clinical sign that is always positive in fracture is
Crepitus
Tenderness
Abnormal mobility
All of the above
The most (common ) sign mandibular fracture is :
Malocclusion
Trismus
Deviation of the jaw on opening
Paraesthesia of the mental nerve
Which of them is not rigid osteosynthetic fixation
Osteosynthesis
Microplating
Screw plating
Wiring
Treatment of choice of a linear non-displaced fracture of the body of the mandible, with full compliment of teeth is
Kirschner wire
Circumferential wiring
External pin fixation
Interdental fixation
Which of the following condition is associated with anterior open bite
Unilateral condylar
Bilateral condylar
Maxillary fractures
Coronoid fracture
Fracture of mandible not involving dental arch is treated by :
Open reduction
Closed reduction
No treatment required
None of the above
In case of sub condylar fracture, the condyle move in
Anterior - lateral direction
Posterior - medial direction
Posterior- lateral direction
Anterior-medial direction
A 7-year-old boy presented with fracture of left sub condylar region with occlusion undisturbed, the treatment would be
Immobilization for 7 days
Immobilization for 14 days with intermittent active opening
No immobilization with restricted mouth opening for 10 days
No immobilization and active treatment
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