Neonatology
Neonatology Quiz
Welcome to the Neonatology Quiz, where you can test your knowledge on vital concepts related to neonatal care, including respiratory distress and vitamin K deficiency. This quiz is designed for healthcare professionals, students, and anyone interested in neonatal health.
Key topics covered in this quiz:
- Symptoms of respiratory distress in newborns
- Definition and implications of vitamin K deficiency
- Treatment options for respiratory issues
- Preventive measures for newborn health
The symptoms of the respiratory Distress of the new born:
Tachypnea
Cyanosis in room air
Nasal flaring, retractions ( intercostal, sternal )
Expiratory grunting
All are correct
Definition of tachypnea in new born is:
Respiratory rate > 20/min
Respiratory rate > 30/min
Respiratory rate > 40/min
Respiratory rate > 50/min
Respiratory rate > 60/min
The pulmonary causes of respiratory Distress of the new born are :
Surfactant deficiency, wet lungs, transient tachypnea, meconium aspiration, lung hypoplasia.
Congenital heart defect, polyglobulia.
Acidosis, hypothermia.
Encephalopathy, persistent pulmonary hypertension.
Drugs, spinal affection, myopathy.
The extrapulmonary causes of respiratory distress
Pneumonia, pneumothorax
Congenital heart defect, acidosis, spinal affection
Wet lungs, transient tachypnea
Malformation of airways
Lungs hypoplasia
The most frequency of pulmonary causes of respiratory distress
Meconium aspiration
Pneumonia, pneumothorax
Surfactant deficiency, wet lungs, transient tachypnea
Lungs hypoplasia
Malformation of air ways
Synonyms of respiratory distress syndrome
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Infant respiratory syndrome
Respiratory distress syndrome of the new born
Surfactant deficiency disorder
All are correct
Definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Oxygen dependent > 28 days
Oxygen dependent at least 7 days
Oxygen dependent at least 14 days
Oxygen dependent at least 2 months
Oxygen dependent at least 3 months
Treatment of respiratory distress :
Oxygen administration
Nasal CPAP
Mechanical ventilation
Surfactant for HMD
All are correct
Causes of meconium aspiration syndrome :
Intrauterine hypoxia, infection
Maternal drugs use
Maternal hypertension
Maternal diabetes
Maternal preeclampsia
The newborns with respiratory distress in delivery room, immediate admission to neonatal ward :
Preterm infants
Asphyxia, hypoxic ischemic
Clinical picture : severe respiratory distress, apnea
Infection risk
All are correct
We use nasal CPAP, when?
Airways obstruction, apnea
Increase respiratory effort
Atelectasis
Preterm infants
All are correct
Differential diagnosis of respiratory distress in newborns :
Congenital malformations, congenital heart defect, metabolic disease
Surfactant deficiency
Wet lungs
Transient tachypnea
Meconium aspiration
Prevention of respiratory distress of newborns
Avoid or reduce degree of prematurity
Antenatal lung maturation
Optimal prenatal care
Birth at term, vaginal delivery
All are correct
Vitamin k is required for
Change of prothrombin to thrombin
Synthesis of prothrombin
Change of fibrinogen to fibrin
Formation of thromboplastin
Antibody synthesis
The hemorrhagic disease of newborn is caused to deficiency of
Vitamin k
Vitamin B12
Vitamin A
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B6
Continuous bleeding from an injured part of body is due to deficiency of :
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Vitamin E
Deficiency of Vitamin K can cause the risk of :
Night blindness
Beri Beri
Color blindness
Uncontrolled bleeding
Weakness of lower limb
Good source of vitamin K found naturally are:
Vegetable
Beans and soybeans
Eggs, strawberries and Meat
Green tea
All are correct
Bleeding disease is due to the deficiency of :
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Of the following, which is not a clotting factor of vitamin K :
Factor II
Factor VII
Factor IX
Factor X
Factor III
Prolonged Prothrombin time is observed in the deficiency of which of the following?
Vitamin K
Vitamin C
Thiamine
Factor V
Factor III
Who is affected by vitamin K deficiency bleeding?
Babies who do not receive preventive vitamin K in an injection at birth
Babies whose mothers receive coagulant drugs
Babies who are age of more than 3 months
Babies who receive preventive vitamin K in an injection at birth
6 month old infant
Vitamin K is an example of which of the following?
Blood in the baby’s urine
Digestive bleeding
Nose bleed
Oozing around umbilical cord
All are correct
Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin K deficiency?
Bleeding of the nose or umbilical cord
Cyanosis of the lips
Hypoglycemia
Fever
Splenomegaly
All are signs and symptoms of vitamin K deficiency- Except:
Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract
Oozing around umbilical cord
Blood in the urine
Increased prothrombin time
Hypoglycemia
How is Vitamin K deficiency bleeding diagnosed?
Based on signs of bleeding and laboratory tests for blood clotting b/ Based on prolonged prothrombin time
Based on increased partial thromboplastin time
Based on Von Willebrand factor
Based on signs of bleeding
Based on neonatal sepsis sign
All of the following finding may occur in vitamin K - except:
Intracerebral Bleeding
Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract
Blood in the urine
Hyperleukocytosis
Ecchymosis on the injection place
All of the following, which is a drug for the treatment of vitamin K deficiency a/ Vitamin A:
Vitamin E
Vitamin B
Vitamin K
Vitamin D
Vitamin B12
Jaundice is also known as:
Icterus
Hemophilia
Anemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypercholesterolemia
Bilirubin is a wast product release during the break down of:
Mast cells
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Platelets and mast cells
Jaundice is cause due to:
Excess of uric acid in the blood
Excess of haemoglobin in the blood
Excess of bilirubin in the blood
Excess of potassium in the blood
Excess of sodium in the blood
Jaundice can be diagnosed by:
Blood test
Urine test
ECG
EEG
Chest X Rey
Some of the most common symptoms of jaundice are:
Breathlessness
Yellowing of skin, sclera and darkening of urine
Palpitations
Fever
Irritability
Hyperbilirubinemia : maternal risk factors :
Blood Group: Rh-, O
Diabetes
Familiar hemolytic anemia (G-6-PD-Deficiency)
Diabetes and blood group: Rh-,O
Blood Group: Rh-, O, Diabetes, Familiar hemolytic anemia (G-6-PD-Deficiency)
Hyperbilirubinemia: neonatal risk factors:
Prematurity
Small for date
Polycytemia
Drugs: Chloramphenicol, ceftriaxon, sulfisoxyzol(Bactrim)
All answers are correct
4 weeks old new born, in the neonatal unit presents with jaundice and clay stools. On liver biopsy giant cells with ballooning degeneration of the cytoplasm are seen. Most likely diagnosis is:
Physiological jaundice
Neonatal hepatitis with extra hepatic biliary atresia
Neonatal hepatitis with physiological jaundice
Extra hepatic biliary atresia
All answer are not correct
Neonatal jaundice: appearance 2nd day to 3nd week:
Physiological
Breast milk
Sepsis, cephalhematoma
Polycythemia
All answer are correct
Most case of hypoglycemia are caused by which of the following?
Hereditary
Excessive alcohol use
Drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus
Islet cell tumors
Endocrine disorder
Neonatal jaundice: persistence after 3nd week:
Breast milk
Hypothyroidism
Pyloric stenosis
Cholestasis
All answers are correct
. Hemolytic jaundice occurs due to:
Rapid destruction of erythrocytes or red blood
Liver disease
Intestinal disease
Metabolic disease
No answers are correct
Which one of the following is the major contribution to the development of physiological jaundice?
Breastfeeding
Decrease hepatic bilirubin excretion
Immature hepatic enzymes
Enterohepatic circulation
Increase bilirubin production
The most comment type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia :
Bochdalek
Morgagni hernia
Diaphragmatic eventration
Central tendon defects
All are true
A correct statement about physiologic jaundice in a new born is that the jaundice:
Is always present at birth
May develop 2-3 days after birth
Always requires phototherapy
Is generally relieved by nursing more often
No answers are correct
Hypoglycemia symptoms, including sweating, nausea, warmth, anxiety, tremulousness, palpitations, possibly hunger and paresthesia, result from which of the following?
An insufficient supply of glycose to the brain
A surge in autonomic activity
A plasma glucose level of > 80mg/dl
A plasma glucose level of > 120mg/dl
A surge in growth hormone levels
All of following are rich of folate except:
Banana
Papaya/ oranges!
Avocado
Beans
Okra
What does hypoglycemia mean?
High blood calcium
Low blood sugar
High blood sugar
Low blood calcium
Low blood potassium
Intrapartum risks factor for the need of neonatal ressuscitation :
Multiple gestation
Non-vertex presentation
Postterm, preterm
Macrosomia/microsomia
All are correct
Severe respiratory distress within 1st hours of the life is:
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Birth asphyxia
Neonatal sepsis
Congenital heart disease
All are not true
Imperforation anus there are :
2 types
3 types
4 types
1 type
5 types
Routine care of newborn baby, choose the incorrect answer:
Dry the baby, cover the baby
Orobucal suction
Head’s position
Stimulate crying
Bag mask ventilation
What is considered the opposite hormone of insulin?
Proinsulin
TSH
Estrogen
Glucagon
Progesterone
Neonatal risk factors for the need of neonatal resuscitation, choose the incorrect answer:
Birth trauma
Congenital malformation
Respiratory distress
Anemia
Normal heart rate
Definition of neonatal hypoglycemia in premature which one of the best answer?
Under 2.5mmol/l
Under 2.6mmol/l
Under 2.7mmol/l
Under 2.8mmol/l
Under 2.9mmol/l
Definition of neonatal hypoglycemia in term newborn which one of the best answer?
Under 2.0mmol/l
Under 2.1mmol/l
Under 2.3mmol/l
Under 2.4mmol/ l
Under 2.5mmol/l
When we need bag mask ventilation? Choose the incorrect answer:
Central cyanosis and low SapO2
Apnea
Grasping
Heart rate less than 100 with normal breathing
Normal breathing
Daily dose of folic acid for pregnancy women is:
0,4g
0,5g
0,6g
0,7g
0,9g
Chest Compression rate in newborn is:
160/mn
150/mn
140/mn
130/mn
120/mn
. Symptoms of hypoglycemia in the newborn which one of the best answer?
Lethargy, floppiness, apnea, seizures
Fever
Vomiting
Sweating
Headache
In newborns, The relation of chest compression and ventilation is :
7/1
6/1
5/1
4/1
3/1
The closure of neural tube completed by:
25th day of gestation.
30th days of gestation
35 days of gestations.
25 months of gestation.
27th days of gestation.
The nurse is aware that a neonate of a mother with diabetes is at risk for what complication?
Anemia
Hypoglycemia
Nitrogen loss
Thrombosis
Hypocalcemia
Neonates if mother with diabetes are at risk for which complication following birth?
Atelectasis
Microcephaly
Pneumothorax
Macrosomia
Pneumonia
What is the most comment type of oesophageal atresia:
Atresia with distal fistula
Atresia with proximal fistula
Atresia with double fistula
Isolated(pure) atresia
Tracheoesophageal fistula
An insulin dependent diabetic delivered a10 pound male when the baby is brought to the nursery, the priority of care is to:
Clean the umbilical cord with betadine to prevent infection
Give the baby a bath
Call the laboratory to collect a screening test.
Check the baby serum glucose level and administer glucose if < 40mg/dl
Check the baby serum glucose l level and administer glucose if < 60mg/dl.
Which of the following is not a type of hypoglycemia?
Drug induced hypoglycemia
Fasting hypoglycemia
Adult onset hypoglycemia
Reactive hypoglycemia
Low blood sugar
We do chest compressions when heart rate is less than:
100 beats/mn
90 beats/mn
80 beats/mn
70 beats/mn
60 beats/mn
Where is insulin produced?
In the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas
The thyroid
The alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans.
The parathyroid
The liver
Prevention of hypoglycemia, which one of the best answer?
Early exclusive breastfeeding is sufficient
Start breastfeeding in 48 hour after birth
Blood glucose measurements
No breastfeeding on demand
Breastfeeding 3-4time per day
Definition of full term baby
30 weeks
35 weeks
42 weeks
37 weeks
From 39 weeks to the end of 40 weeks
Is a birth defect in which the baby’s intestinal extend outside of the body through a hole next belly button :
Gastroschisis
Omphalocele
Umbilical hernia
Diaphragmatic hernia
All are trues
Sign of post maturity, except
Wrinkle skin
Washout hand
Washout feet
Nails strained with meconium
Incomplete development of the ears
A low birth weight term baby with normal head circumference, what is the cause?
Uteroplacenta insufficiency in early pregnancy
Mother with HIV positive
The baby has abnormal chromosome
Congenital infection
Uteroplacenta insufficiency in late pregnancy
The causes of symmetrical intrauterine growth restriction except
Congenital infection
Genetic disorder
Extreme fetal malnutrition
Environmental toxins
Gestational diabetes
Problem in adaptation of a small gestational age baby except,
Asphyxia
Hypothermia
Hyperkaliemia
Hypoglycemia
Polycythemia
Mostly cause of congenital hydrocephalus:
Stenosis of aqueduct
Brain volume reduced
CSF produced increased
CSF resorption reduced
Ventricular drainage blocked
Which proposition below is long terms prognosis of small gestational age infant?
Over weight
Diabetes
High blood pressure
Chronic respiratory failure
Hyperthyroidism
In delivery room, a baby boy was born with thin umbilical cord, old man look, long finger nails, and dry easy peel able skin. What happened to the baby?
Fetal undernutrition
Down syndrome
Birth trauma
Congenital syphilis
Normal baby
When we clamp the umbilical cord?
1-2nm
2-3nm
3-4nm
4-5nm
30-60seconds
A baby born to a gestational diabetes mother is at risk of:
Hyperglycemia
Infertility
Hypoglycemia
Short life span
Small gestational age
The large for date baby is usually seen in
Diabetic mother
Congenital infection
Mother with toxemia
Mother with heart disease
Undernutrition mother
. Maternal risk factors for the need of neonatal resuscitation:
Maternal cardiac, renal, pulmonary, thyroid, or neurologic disease
Anemia, Poly/oligohydramnios
Hemorrhage
Maternal age <16 or >35 years
All are correct
The definition of large for date baby
Weight is < 50th percentile
Weight is < 10th percentile
Weight is >97th percentile
Weight is 80th percentile
All answer are incorrect
What is the main problem during delivery of large for date baby?
Jaundice
Respiratory distress
Apnea
Birth trauma
None of all answer
All of these are the Congenital Malformation except:
Intestinal intussusception
Anencephalies
Esophageal atresia
Omphalocele
Gastroschisis
All propositions below are the problem of macrosomia except:
Hypoglycemia
Birth trauma
Polycythemia
Poor feeding
Hyperglycemia
The cause of Macrocephaly is all below except:
Increase CSF volume (hydrocephalus)
Increase blood pressure
Increase brain volume (megalocephaly)
Intracranial space filled with blood or pus
Increase bone thickness (macrocrania)
Which problem can occur in a premature birth :
Retinopathy of prematurity
PDA
NEC
Intraventricular hemorrhage
All answers are corrects
Degree of immaturity baby evaluate with :
Appearance, behavior, problems, clinical course
Mildly preterm (35-36 weeks)
Moderately preterm (32-34 weeks)
Severely preterm (<32 weeks)
All answers are corrects
How many stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity:
2 stages
3 stages
4 stages
5 stages
6 stages
Single greatest risk factors of NEC is :
PDA
Prematurity
Indomethacin therapy
Polycythemia
Hypoxic-ischemic insult
International classification for Retinopathy of Prematurity ( ICROP ), four feathers are evaluated, except one:
Age
Zone(1-3)
Extent
Stages (1-5)
Presence or absence of plus disease
Which delivery should be attended by a trained resuscitator? Choose the incorrect answer:
Breech or other abnormal presentation
Emergency cesarean section
Maternal cardiac, renal, pulmonary, thyroid, or neurologic disease
Bleeding in second or third trimester
Normal delivery
Which one of the following is the most important cause of jaundice presenting in the first 24h of life to EXCLUDE:
Prematurity
Haemolysis
Breastfeeding
Physiological jaundice
Early-onset sepsis
Preterm is defined as babies born alive :
Less than 28 weeks
Less than 35 weeks
Before 37 weeks
Before 38 weeks
32 to 37 weeks
All of the following are features of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, Except:
Abdominal distension
Increased peristaltic sound
Pneumoperitoneum
Metabolic acidosis
All answer are corrects
When we do suction in stomach in New born
History of polyhydramnios
Foamy saliva
Respiratory distress
Under / after bag & mask ventilation
All are correct
Up to 70% supplementation that reduce the risk for spinal bifida and anencephalies during pregnancy
Folic acid
Fer
Multivitamins
B12
Calcium
After bag mask ventilation, the oxygen saturation and heart rate of newborn are not improved, what do you think?
Oxygen supply functioning?
Position of baby – airways obstructed?
Pneumothorax?
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
All are correct
How often a baby more than 2,5kg need a specific resuscitation?
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
How many types of esophageal atresia in newborn baby:
4 types
3 types
5 types
6 types
2 types
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