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Neonatology

A detailed and informative illustration of neonatal care, highlighting aspects of respiratory distress and vitamin K deficiency in newborns, with a warm and caring environment.

Neonatology Quiz

Welcome to the Neonatology Quiz, where you can test your knowledge on vital concepts related to neonatal care, including respiratory distress and vitamin K deficiency. This quiz is designed for healthcare professionals, students, and anyone interested in neonatal health.

Key topics covered in this quiz:

Symptoms of respiratory distress in newborns
Definition and implications of vitamin K deficiency
Treatment options for respiratory issues
Preventive measures for newborn health

100 Questions25 MinutesCreated by CaringNurse42

The symptoms of the respiratory Distress of the new born:

Tachypnea

Cyanosis in room air

Nasal flaring, retractions ( intercostal, sternal )

Expiratory grunting

All are correct

Definition of tachypnea in new born is:

Respiratory rate > 20/min

Respiratory rate > 30/min

Respiratory rate > 40/min

Respiratory rate > 50/min

Respiratory rate > 60/min

The pulmonary causes of respiratory Distress of the new born are :

Surfactant deficiency, wet lungs, transient tachypnea, meconium aspiration, lung hypoplasia.

Congenital heart defect, polyglobulia.

Acidosis, hypothermia.

Encephalopathy, persistent pulmonary hypertension.

Drugs, spinal affection, myopathy.

The extrapulmonary causes of respiratory distress

Pneumonia, pneumothorax

Congenital heart defect, acidosis, spinal affection

Wet lungs, transient tachypnea

Malformation of airways

Lungs hypoplasia

The most frequency of pulmonary causes of respiratory distress

Meconium aspiration

Pneumonia, pneumothorax

Surfactant deficiency, wet lungs, transient tachypnea

Lungs hypoplasia

Malformation of air ways

Synonyms of respiratory distress syndrome

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Infant respiratory syndrome

Respiratory distress syndrome of the new born

Surfactant deficiency disorder

All are correct

Definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Oxygen dependent > 28 days

Oxygen dependent at least 7 days

Oxygen dependent at least 14 days

Oxygen dependent at least 2 months

Oxygen dependent at least 3 months

Treatment of respiratory distress :

Oxygen administration

Nasal CPAP

Mechanical ventilation

Surfactant for HMD

All are correct

Causes of meconium aspiration syndrome :

Intrauterine hypoxia, infection

Maternal drugs use

Maternal hypertension

Maternal diabetes

Maternal preeclampsia

The newborns with respiratory distress in delivery room, immediate admission to neonatal ward :

Preterm infants

Asphyxia, hypoxic ischemic

Clinical picture : severe respiratory distress, apnea

Infection risk

All are correct

We use nasal CPAP, when?

Airways obstruction, apnea

Increase respiratory effort

Atelectasis

Preterm infants

All are correct

Differential diagnosis of respiratory distress in newborns :

Congenital malformations, congenital heart defect, metabolic disease

Surfactant deficiency

Wet lungs

Transient tachypnea

Meconium aspiration

Prevention of respiratory distress of newborns

Avoid or reduce degree of prematurity

Antenatal lung maturation

Optimal prenatal care

Birth at term, vaginal delivery

All are correct

Vitamin k is required for

Change of prothrombin to thrombin

Synthesis of prothrombin

Change of fibrinogen to fibrin

Formation of thromboplastin

Antibody synthesis

The hemorrhagic disease of newborn is caused to deficiency of

Vitamin k

Vitamin B12

Vitamin A

Vitamin B1

Vitamin B6

Continuous bleeding from an injured part of body is due to deficiency of :

Vitamin A

Vitamin B

Vitamin C

Vitamin K

Vitamin E

Deficiency of Vitamin K can cause the risk of :

Night blindness

Beri Beri

Color blindness

Uncontrolled bleeding

Weakness of lower limb

Good source of vitamin K found naturally are:

Vegetable

Beans and soybeans

Eggs, strawberries and Meat

Green tea

All are correct

Bleeding disease is due to the deficiency of :

Vitamin A

Vitamin B

Vitamin C

Vitamin D

Vitamin K

Of the following, which is not a clotting factor of vitamin K :

Factor II

Factor VII

Factor IX

Factor X

Factor III

Prolonged Prothrombin time is observed in the deficiency of which of the following?

Vitamin K

Vitamin C

Thiamine

Factor V

Factor III

Who is affected by vitamin K deficiency bleeding?

Babies who do not receive preventive vitamin K in an injection at birth

Babies whose mothers receive coagulant drugs

Babies who are age of more than 3 months

Babies who receive preventive vitamin K in an injection at birth

6 month old infant

Vitamin K is an example of which of the following?

Blood in the baby’s urine

Digestive bleeding

Nose bleed

Oozing around umbilical cord

All are correct

Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin K deficiency?

Bleeding of the nose or umbilical cord

Cyanosis of the lips

Hypoglycemia

Fever

Splenomegaly

All are signs and symptoms of vitamin K deficiency- Except:

Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract

Oozing around umbilical cord

Blood in the urine

Increased prothrombin time

Hypoglycemia

How is Vitamin K deficiency bleeding diagnosed?

Based on signs of bleeding and laboratory tests for blood clotting b/ Based on prolonged prothrombin time

Based on increased partial thromboplastin time

Based on Von Willebrand factor

Based on signs of bleeding

Based on neonatal sepsis sign

All of the following finding may occur in vitamin K - except:

Intracerebral Bleeding

Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract

Blood in the urine

Hyperleukocytosis

Ecchymosis on the injection place

All of the following, which is a drug for the treatment of vitamin K deficiency a/ Vitamin A:

Vitamin E

Vitamin B

Vitamin K

Vitamin D

Vitamin B12

Jaundice is also known as:

Icterus

Hemophilia

Anemia

Hypocalcemia

Hypercholesterolemia

Bilirubin is a wast product release during the break down of:

Mast cells

Red blood cells

White blood cells

Platelets

Platelets and mast cells

Jaundice is cause due to:

Excess of uric acid in the blood

Excess of haemoglobin in the blood

Excess of bilirubin in the blood

Excess of potassium in the blood

Excess of sodium in the blood

Jaundice can be diagnosed by:

Blood test

Urine test

ECG

EEG

Chest X Rey

Some of the most common symptoms of jaundice are:

Breathlessness

Yellowing of skin, sclera and darkening of urine

Palpitations

Fever

Irritability

Hyperbilirubinemia : maternal risk factors :

Blood Group: Rh-, O

Diabetes

Familiar hemolytic anemia (G-6-PD-Deficiency)

Diabetes and blood group: Rh-,O

Blood Group: Rh-, O, Diabetes, Familiar hemolytic anemia (G-6-PD-Deficiency)

Hyperbilirubinemia: neonatal risk factors:

Prematurity

Small for date

Polycytemia

Drugs: Chloramphenicol, ceftriaxon, sulfisoxyzol(Bactrim)

All answers are correct

4 weeks old new born, in the neonatal unit presents with jaundice and clay stools. On liver biopsy giant cells with ballooning degeneration of the cytoplasm are seen. Most likely diagnosis is:

Physiological jaundice

Neonatal hepatitis with extra hepatic biliary atresia

Neonatal hepatitis with physiological jaundice

Extra hepatic biliary atresia

All answer are not correct

Neonatal jaundice: appearance 2nd day to 3nd week:

Physiological

Breast milk

Sepsis, cephalhematoma

Polycythemia

All answer are correct

Most case of hypoglycemia are caused by which of the following?

Hereditary

Excessive alcohol use

Drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus

Islet cell tumors

Endocrine disorder

Neonatal jaundice: persistence after 3nd week:

Breast milk

Hypothyroidism

Pyloric stenosis

Cholestasis

All answers are correct

. Hemolytic jaundice occurs due to:

Rapid destruction of erythrocytes or red blood

Liver disease

Intestinal disease

Metabolic disease

No answers are correct

Which one of the following is the major contribution to the development of physiological jaundice?

Breastfeeding

Decrease hepatic bilirubin excretion

Immature hepatic enzymes

Enterohepatic circulation

Increase bilirubin production

The most comment type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia :

Bochdalek

Morgagni hernia

Diaphragmatic eventration

Central tendon defects

All are true

A correct statement about physiologic jaundice in a new born is that the jaundice:

Is always present at birth

May develop 2-3 days after birth

Always requires phototherapy

Is generally relieved by nursing more often

No answers are correct

Hypoglycemia symptoms, including sweating, nausea, warmth, anxiety, tremulousness, palpitations, possibly hunger and paresthesia, result from which of the following?

An insufficient supply of glycose to the brain

A surge in autonomic activity

A plasma glucose level of > 80mg/dl

A plasma glucose level of > 120mg/dl

A surge in growth hormone levels

All of following are rich of folate except:

Banana

Papaya/ oranges!

Avocado

Beans

Okra

What does hypoglycemia mean?

High blood calcium

Low blood sugar

High blood sugar

Low blood calcium

Low blood potassium

Intrapartum risks factor for the need of neonatal ressuscitation :

Multiple gestation

Non-vertex presentation

Postterm, preterm

Macrosomia/microsomia

All are correct

Severe respiratory distress within 1st hours of the life is:

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Birth asphyxia

Neonatal sepsis

Congenital heart disease

All are not true

Imperforation anus there are :

2 types

3 types

4 types

1 type

5 types

Routine care of newborn baby, choose the incorrect answer:

Dry the baby, cover the baby

Orobucal suction

Head’s position

Stimulate crying

Bag mask ventilation

What is considered the opposite hormone of insulin?

Proinsulin

TSH

Estrogen

Glucagon

Progesterone

Neonatal risk factors for the need of neonatal resuscitation, choose the incorrect answer:

Birth trauma

Congenital malformation

Respiratory distress

Anemia

Normal heart rate

Definition of neonatal hypoglycemia in premature which one of the best answer?

Under 2.5mmol/l

Under 2.6mmol/l

Under 2.7mmol/l

Under 2.8mmol/l

Under 2.9mmol/l

Definition of neonatal hypoglycemia in term newborn which one of the best answer?

Under 2.0mmol/l

Under 2.1mmol/l

Under 2.3mmol/l

Under 2.4mmol/ l

Under 2.5mmol/l

When we need bag mask ventilation? Choose the incorrect answer:

Central cyanosis and low SapO2

Apnea

Grasping

Heart rate less than 100 with normal breathing

Normal breathing

Daily dose of folic acid for pregnancy women is:

0,4g

0,5g

0,6g

0,7g

0,9g

Chest Compression rate in newborn is:

160/mn

150/mn

140/mn

130/mn

120/mn

. Symptoms of hypoglycemia in the newborn which one of the best answer?

Lethargy, floppiness, apnea, seizures

Fever

Vomiting

Sweating

Headache

In newborns, The relation of chest compression and ventilation is :

7/1

6/1

5/1

4/1

3/1

The closure of neural tube completed by:

25th day of gestation.

30th days of gestation

35 days of gestations.

25 months of gestation.

27th days of gestation.

The nurse is aware that a neonate of a mother with diabetes is at risk for what complication?

Anemia

Hypoglycemia

Nitrogen loss

Thrombosis

Hypocalcemia

Neonates if mother with diabetes are at risk for which complication following birth?

Atelectasis

Microcephaly

Pneumothorax

Macrosomia

Pneumonia

What is the most comment type of oesophageal atresia:

Atresia with distal fistula

Atresia with proximal fistula

Atresia with double fistula

Isolated(pure) atresia

Tracheoesophageal fistula

An insulin dependent diabetic delivered a10 pound male when the baby is brought to the nursery, the priority of care is to:

Clean the umbilical cord with betadine to prevent infection

Give the baby a bath

Call the laboratory to collect a screening test.

Check the baby serum glucose level and administer glucose if < 40mg/dl

Check the baby serum glucose l level and administer glucose if < 60mg/dl.

Which of the following is not a type of hypoglycemia?

Drug induced hypoglycemia

Fasting hypoglycemia

Adult onset hypoglycemia

Reactive hypoglycemia

Low blood sugar

We do chest compressions when heart rate is less than:

100 beats/mn

90 beats/mn

80 beats/mn

70 beats/mn

60 beats/mn

Where is insulin produced?

In the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

The thyroid

The alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans.

The parathyroid

The liver

Prevention of hypoglycemia, which one of the best answer?

Early exclusive breastfeeding is sufficient

Start breastfeeding in 48 hour after birth

Blood glucose measurements

No breastfeeding on demand

Breastfeeding 3-4time per day

Definition of full term baby

30 weeks

35 weeks

42 weeks

37 weeks

From 39 weeks to the end of 40 weeks

Is a birth defect in which the baby’s intestinal extend outside of the body through a hole next belly button :

Gastroschisis

Omphalocele

Umbilical hernia

Diaphragmatic hernia

All are trues

Sign of post maturity, except

Wrinkle skin

Washout hand

Washout feet

Nails strained with meconium

Incomplete development of the ears

A low birth weight term baby with normal head circumference, what is the cause?

Uteroplacenta insufficiency in early pregnancy

Mother with HIV positive

The baby has abnormal chromosome

Congenital infection

Uteroplacenta insufficiency in late pregnancy

The causes of symmetrical intrauterine growth restriction except

Congenital infection

Genetic disorder

Extreme fetal malnutrition

Environmental toxins

Gestational diabetes

Problem in adaptation of a small gestational age baby except,

Asphyxia

Hypothermia

Hyperkaliemia

Hypoglycemia

Polycythemia

Mostly cause of congenital hydrocephalus:

Stenosis of aqueduct

Brain volume reduced

CSF produced increased

CSF resorption reduced

Ventricular drainage blocked

Which proposition below is long terms prognosis of small gestational age infant?

Over weight

Diabetes

High blood pressure

Chronic respiratory failure

Hyperthyroidism

In delivery room, a baby boy was born with thin umbilical cord, old man look, long finger nails, and dry easy peel able skin. What happened to the baby?

Fetal undernutrition

Down syndrome

Birth trauma

Congenital syphilis

Normal baby

When we clamp the umbilical cord?

1-2nm

2-3nm

3-4nm

4-5nm

30-60seconds

A baby born to a gestational diabetes mother is at risk of:

Hyperglycemia

Infertility

Hypoglycemia

Short life span

Small gestational age

The large for date baby is usually seen in

Diabetic mother

Congenital infection

Mother with toxemia

Mother with heart disease

Undernutrition mother

. Maternal risk factors for the need of neonatal resuscitation:

Maternal cardiac, renal, pulmonary, thyroid, or neurologic disease

Anemia, Poly/oligohydramnios

Hemorrhage

Maternal age <16 or >35 years

All are correct

The definition of large for date baby

Weight is < 50th percentile

Weight is < 10th percentile

Weight is >97th percentile

Weight is 80th percentile

All answer are incorrect

What is the main problem during delivery of large for date baby?

Jaundice

Respiratory distress

Apnea

Birth trauma

None of all answer

All of these are the Congenital Malformation except:

Intestinal intussusception

Anencephalies

Esophageal atresia

Omphalocele

Gastroschisis

All propositions below are the problem of macrosomia except:

Hypoglycemia

Birth trauma

Polycythemia

Poor feeding

Hyperglycemia

The cause of Macrocephaly is all below except:

Increase CSF volume (hydrocephalus)

Increase blood pressure

Increase brain volume (megalocephaly)

Intracranial space filled with blood or pus

Increase bone thickness (macrocrania)

Which problem can occur in a premature birth :

Retinopathy of prematurity

PDA

NEC

Intraventricular hemorrhage

All answers are corrects

Degree of immaturity baby evaluate with :

Appearance, behavior, problems, clinical course

Mildly preterm (35-36 weeks)

Moderately preterm (32-34 weeks)

Severely preterm (<32 weeks)

All answers are corrects

How many stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity:

2 stages

3 stages

4 stages

5 stages

6 stages

Single greatest risk factors of NEC is :

PDA

Prematurity

Indomethacin therapy

Polycythemia

Hypoxic-ischemic insult

International classification for Retinopathy of Prematurity ( ICROP ), four feathers are evaluated, except one:

Age

Zone(1-3)

Extent

Stages (1-5)

Presence or absence of plus disease

Which delivery should be attended by a trained resuscitator? Choose the incorrect answer:

Breech or other abnormal presentation

Emergency cesarean section

Maternal cardiac, renal, pulmonary, thyroid, or neurologic disease

Bleeding in second or third trimester

Normal delivery

Which one of the following is the most important cause of jaundice presenting in the first 24h of life to EXCLUDE:

Prematurity

Haemolysis

Breastfeeding

Physiological jaundice

Early-onset sepsis

Preterm is defined as babies born alive :

Less than 28 weeks

Less than 35 weeks

Before 37 weeks

Before 38 weeks

32 to 37 weeks

All of the following are features of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, Except:

Abdominal distension

Increased peristaltic sound

Pneumoperitoneum

Metabolic acidosis

All answer are corrects

When we do suction in stomach in New born

History of polyhydramnios

Foamy saliva

Respiratory distress

Under / after bag & mask ventilation

All are correct

Up to 70% supplementation that reduce the risk for spinal bifida and anencephalies during pregnancy

Folic acid

Fer

Multivitamins

B12

Calcium

After bag mask ventilation, the oxygen saturation and heart rate of newborn are not improved, what do you think?

Oxygen supply functioning?

Position of baby – airways obstructed?

Pneumothorax?

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

All are correct

How often a baby more than 2,5kg need a specific resuscitation?

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

How many types of esophageal atresia in newborn baby:

4 types

3 types

5 types

6 types

2 types

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