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Quizzes > Science

Grade 10 Biology Quiz: Practice Cells, Genetics, and Ecology

Quick Year 10 biology quiz-instant results and explanations.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Joubert PauloUpdated Aug 27, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration with dna leaf microscope and question bubbles on teal background for Grade 10 biology quiz promotion

This Grade 10 biology quiz helps you check your knowledge of cells, genetics, ecology, and more, with instant feedback. Work through short multiple-choice questions, spot weak areas, and learn from quick explanations. For more practice, try our grade 11 biology quiz, explore biology multiple choice questions, or review with a 9th grade biology practice test.

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP during aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells?
Lysosome
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
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Which feature is characteristic of prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells?
Absence of a membrane-bound nucleus
Membrane-bound organelles
Linear chromosomes
Presence of mitochondria
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Which statement about DNA base pairing in the double helix is correct?
A pairs with C via covalent bonds
G pairs with T via ionic bonds
A pairs with T via hydrogen bonds
C pairs with T via hydrogen bonds
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Which sugar is found in RNA but not in DNA?
Ribose
Fructose
Deoxyribose
Glucose
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In mitosis, during which phase do chromosomes align at the cell's equator?
Telophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Prophase
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Which best describes the relationship between an enzyme and its substrate?
The enzyme is consumed by the reaction
The substrate binds to the enzyme's allosteric site only
The substrate binds to the enzyme's active site with specificity
The enzyme permanently changes shape after one reaction
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During glycolysis, where does the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate occur?
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrial matrix
Chloroplast stroma
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What is the result of meiosis in terms of chromosome number relative to the parent cell?
Haploid daughter cells with half the chromosome number
Triploid daughter cells with 1.5 times the chromosome number
Tetraploid daughter cells with double the chromosome number
Diploid daughter cells with the same chromosome number
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In a monohybrid cross where T is dominant over t, what fraction of offspring are expected to show the dominant phenotype when two heterozygotes (Tt x Tt) are crossed?
1/4
1/2
3/4
1
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Mendel's law of segregation states that alleles for a trait
Are inherited together if on different chromosomes
Change to improve survival during the organism's life
Blend during inheritance to produce intermediate traits
Separate during gamete formation so each gamete receives one allele
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An animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution will most likely
Lose water and shrink
Remain exactly the same
Gain water and burst
Undergo mitosis immediately
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In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the
Ribosome
Nucleus
Cytosol
Mitochondrial matrix
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Which statement about the carbon cycle is accurate?
Combustion decreases atmospheric CO2 levels
Photosynthesis removes CO2 from the atmosphere and stores carbon in biomass
Respiration removes CO2 from the atmosphere permanently
Decomposition has no role in carbon cycling
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Which process directly results in the production of lactic acid in muscle cells during intense exercise?
Anaerobic respiration (lactic acid fermentation)
Beta-oxidation of fatty acids
Photosynthesis
Aerobic respiration in mitochondria
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Which statement best describes natural selection?
Environments adapt to organisms over time
All mutations are beneficial and selected for
Acquired traits are passed on to offspring
Individuals with advantageous heritable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
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What is the role of tRNA during translation?
It brings specific amino acids to the ribosome based on codon-anticodon pairing
It unwinds the DNA double helix
It carries the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes
It catalyzes peptide bond formation as the main enzyme
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Which statement about energy pyramids is correct?
Producers obtain energy from consumers
Matter is lost between trophic levels
Only about 10 percent of energy is transferred to the next trophic level
Energy increases at higher trophic levels
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Which statement about the nitrogen cycle is correct?
Plants fix atmospheric nitrogen directly without symbionts
Lightning decreases the availability of nitrates
Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates
Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates into ammonia
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Which checkpoint ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to spindle fibers before separation in mitosis?
Cytokinesis checkpoint
G2 DNA damage checkpoint
G1 restriction checkpoint
Metaphase (spindle) checkpoint
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The ozone layer is a major component of the carbon cycle.
True
False
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0

Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Cell Theory Fundamentals -

    Describe the main principles of cell theory and identify how cells function as the basic units of life.

  2. Apply Genetics Concepts -

    Solve multiple choice biology test questions on inheritance patterns and predict outcomes using Punnett squares.

  3. Analyze Biological Processes -

    Examine processes such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration, distinguishing inputs, outputs, and stages.

  4. Differentiate Cellular Structures -

    Compare the features of plant and animal cells and determine the roles of key organelles.

  5. Interpret Quiz Biology Challenges -

    Navigate various quiz questions biology to assess strengths and identify topics for further study.

  6. Evaluate Scientific Evidence -

    Critically review scenarios and select evidence-based answers in a biology practice quiz format.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Cell Theory Essentials -

    All living organisms are composed of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells. Use the mnemonic "CRoCS" (Cells, Reproduction, Cell Structure) to recall these principles when tackling biology quiz questions. This framework is outlined in university curricula and resources like NCBI.

  2. Mendelian Genetics and Punnett Squares -

    Dominant and recessive alleles determine trait inheritance; a Punnett square maps the 25% genotype probabilities in monohybrid crosses. Practice labeling genotype vs. phenotype in multiple choice biology test scenarios to boost accuracy. MIT OpenCourseWare and genetics journals offer sample problems for efficient quiz biology prep.

  3. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration -

    Photosynthesis (6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₝₂O₆ + 6O₂) in chloroplasts captures solar energy, while cellular respiration (C₆H₝₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O) in mitochondria releases ATP. Compare reactants and products side by side when studying for biology quiz questions to avoid confusion. Khan Academy and peer-reviewed articles provide clear pathway diagrams that reinforce understanding.

  4. Enzyme Activity and Factors -

    Enzymes lower activation energy and accelerate reactions; visualize substrate binding with "lock and key" versus "induced fit" models. Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration affect enzyme rate - graphing rate against these variables sharpens your skills for quiz questions biology style. The IB Biology guide and ACS publications offer detailed examples for practice.

  5. Taxonomy and Classification -

    The hierarchy Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species can be memorized with "Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup." Master binomial nomenclature rules for genus and species to excel in multiple choice biology test items. Natural History Museums and leading textbooks emphasize that this system underpins biodiversity studies.

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