ORL
Comprehensive ORL Quiz
Test your knowledge on the intricacies of the anterior and posterior sinus groups, nasal cavity fun
Key highlights of the quiz include:
- Detailed coverage of sinus anatomy and physiology.
- Questions on clinical conditions like chronic rhinosinusitis and epistaxis.
- Focus on relevant anatomical relationships and clinical implications.
ΑαΎ Anterior sinus group ααΆα sinus α’αααΈαααα?
Maxillary sinus, Frontal sinus and Anterior ethmoΓ―d sinus
Anterior ethmoΓ―d sinus and Posterior ethmoΓ―d sinus
Sphenoid sinus, Posterior ethmoΓ―d sinus
Frontal sinus, Sphenoid sinus and Maxillary sinus
Posterior ethmoΓ―d sinus, Frontal sinus, Sphenoid sinus
ΑαΎ Posterior sinus group ααΆα sinus α’αααΈαααα?
Maxillary sinus, Anterior ethmoΓ―d sinus and Frontal sinus
Anterior ethmoΓ―d sinus and Posterior ethmoΓ―d sinus
Sphenoid sinus and Posterior ethmoΓ―d sinus
Frontal sinus, Maxillary sinus
Posterior ethmoΓ―d sinus, Maxillary sinus and Anterior ethmoΓ―d sinus
Function αααα nasal cavity ααΆαα
αααΎα ααΎαααααααα½αααααα»αααΊ:
Respiration, Audition, Olfaction and Phonation
Audition, Degestion and Olfaction
Olfaction, Phonation and Degestion
Degestion, Audition and Respiration
Phonation, Degestion and Respiration
ΑαΎ Anterior sinus group ,drains ααΆαααααΌαααΆ?
Inferior meatus
Middle meatus
Superior meatus
Inferior meatus and Middle meatus
Inferior meatus , Middle meatus and Superior meatus
ΑαΎ Posterior sinus group ,drains ααΆαααααΌαααΆ?
Inferior meatus
Middle meatus
Supeirior meatus
Inferior meatus, Middle meatus
Inferior meatus, Middle meatus and Supeirior meatus
Nasal septum(the medial wall) ααααα‘αΎααααααα’αΉαα’αααΈαααα?
Septal cartilage, Perpendicular Plate and Vomer
Perpendicular Plate (Ethmoid), Crible lamellar
Vomer, Septal cartilage, Crible lamellar
Crible lamellar, Septal cartilage
Hard palate, Septal cartilage, Crible lamellar
Ααααααα Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis ααΆαααΆααΆααα:ααα:
Αα·α
ααΆα 4 α’αΆαα·ααα
Α
αααααααΈ 4 α’αΆαα·ααα αα
12 α’αΆαα·ααα
Α
αααααααΈ 12 α’αΆαα·ααα αα
52 α’αΆαα·ααα
Α
αααΎαααΆα 52 α’αΆαα·ααα
ΑααααααChronic bacterial rhinosinusitis ααΆαααΆααΆααα:ααα:
Αα·α
ααΆα 4 α’αΆαα·ααα
Α
αααααααΈ 4 α’αΆαα·ααα αα
12 α’αΆαα·ααα
Α
αααααααΈ 12 α’αΆαα·ααα αα
52 α’αΆαα·ααα
Α
αααΎαααΆα 52 α’αΆαα·ααα
Chronic rhinosinusitis ααΆαααααααααΆααΆα
αααΎαααΎαααααααα½αααααα·ααααααΊ:
Headache
Nasal congestion
Vertigo
Post nasal drip
Facial pain
Nasal polyp ααΊααΆ:
Chronic inflammation αααα ethmoid sinus, bilateral
Chronic inflammation αααα ethmoid sinus, unilateral
Acute inflammation αααα ethmoid sinus, bilateral
Acute inflammation αααα ethmoid sinus, unilateral
Acute inflammation αααα nasal cavity
ΑαΌααααααΆααααα nasal polyp ααΆαααΌα
ααΆαααααα:
Mass αα½α bilateral; translucid or gelactineuse αααα»α nasal cavity
Mass αα½α unilateral ; translucid or gelactineuse αααα»α nasal cavity
Mass αα½α unilateral ; color red αααα»α nasal cavity
Mass αα½α unilateral ; Ulcerant αααα»α nasal cavity
ΑαααααΎ classification αααα nasal polyp ααΆααα»ααααΆαStages:
2 stages
3 stages
4 stages
5 stages
6 stages
Epistaxis ααΊααΆ :
ΑαΆαα αΌαααΆαα
ααααΆαα
αααα»α
ΑαΆαα αΌαααΆαααΆααα½α αααααααΉαααα’α
ΑαΆαα αΌαααΆαααΆαααΆααααΆαα’αΆα αΆα
ΑαΆαα αΌαααΆαα
ααααΆαα
αααα»α,ααΆαα αΌαααΆαααΆααα½α αααααααΉαααα’α, ααΆαα αΌαααΆαααΆαααΆααααΆαα’αΆα αΆα
Paranasal sinus opening in middle meatus:
Maxillary, Anterior ethmoid and Frontal
Anterior ethmoid , Posterior ethmoid and Frontal
Posterior ethmoid, Maxillary and Sphenoid
Frontal, Maxillary and Sphenoid
Osteomeatal complex (OMC) connects:
Nasal cavity with maxillary sinus
Nasal cavity with sphenoid sinus
The two nasal cavities
Ethmoidal sinus with ethmoidal bulla
Woodruff plexus is seen at:
Antero-inferior part of superior turbinate
Middle turbinate
Posterior part of inferior turbinate
Anterior part of inferior turbinate
Little’s area is situated in nasal cavity in:
Anterio inferior
Anterio superior
Posterio inferior
Posterio superior
Main vascular supply of littleβs area is all except:
Septal branch of superior labial artery
Nasal branch of sphenopalatine artery
Anterior ethnoidal artery
Palatal branch of sphenopalatine
Which artery does not contribute to little’s area:
Anterior ethmoidal artery
Septal branch of sphenoplatine
Sphenoplatine artery
Posterior ethmoidal artery
Most common cause for nose bleeding is:
Trauma to littleβs area
V. aneurysm
Postero superior part of nasal septum
Hiatus-semilunaris
MC cause of epistaxis in 3 year old child:
Nasal polyp
Foreign body
Upper respiratory catarrh
Atrophic rhinitis
In a 5 year old child, most common cause of female the most common cause is:
Foreign body
Polyp
Atrophic rhinitis
Maggotβs
Recurrent epistaxis in a 15 year old female the most common cause is:
Juvenile nasopharyngeal fibroma
Rhinosporiodiosis
Foreign body
Hematopoietic disorder
Diagnosis nin a ten year old boy with recurrent expistaxis and a unilateral nasal mass is:
Antrochoanal polyp
Hemangioma
Angiofibroma
Rhinolith
Epistaxis in elderly person is common in:
Foreign body
Allergic rhinitis
Hypertension
Nasophryngeal carcinoma
Systemic cause of epistaxis are all except:
Hypertension
Anticoagulant treatment
Hereditary telengiectasia
Haemophilia
Source of epistaxis after ligation of external carotid artery is:
Maxillary ethmoidal artery
Greater palatine artery
Superior labial artery
Ethmoidal artery
If posterior epistaxis cannot be controlled, which artery is ligated:
Posterior ethmoidal artery
Maxillary artery
Sphenopalatine artery
External caroid artery
In case of uncontrolled epistaxis, ligation of internal maxillary artery is to be done in the:
Maxillary antrum
Pterygopalatine fossa
At the neck
Medial wall of orbit
Treatment of choice in correct epistaxis in a patient with hereditary hemotelangiectas is:
Anterior ethmoidal artery ligation
Septal dematoplasty
External carotid artery ligation
Internal carotid artery ligation
Maxillary sinus achieves maximum size at:
At birth
At primary dentition
At secondary dentition
At puberty
Which among the following sinuses is most commonly affected in a child:
Sphenoid
Frontal
Ethmoid
Maxillary
Common organisms causing sinusitis:
Pseudomonas
Moraxella catarrhalis
Streptococcus pneumonia
Staph epidermidis
H.ingluenzae
Common organisms causing sinustitis:
Pseudomonas, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumonia
Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staph epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumonia, Pseudomonas and H.ingluenzae
Staph epidermidis , Streptococcus pneumonia and H.ingluenzae
H.ingluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumonia
Which one is not the physiology of the pharynx?
Conduct of air and food
Propeller of food (swallowing)
Resonance and speech
Taste
Hearing
The pharynx have
Nasopharynx and oropharynx.
Nasopharynx and hypopharynx.
Nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx.
Oropharynx and hypopharynx.
Nasopharynx, oropharynx , laryngopharynx and hypopharynx.
The Eustachian tubes open into the lateral wall of
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Hypopharynx
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Hypopharynx.
The palatine tonsils are in the
Nnasopharynx
Oropharynx
Hypopharynx
Nnasopharynx, Oropharynx
Nnasopharynx, Oropharynx and Hypopharynx.
Waldeyer’s Ring is in the
Nasopharynx and oropharynx.
Nasopharynx and oropharynx.
Nasopharynx and hypopharynx.
Hypopharynx
Hypopharynx and oropharynx.
Acute tonsillitis is an infection
On the surface of the tonsil or the crypts or substance of the tonsils.
Only on the surface of the tonsil.
Only the crypts.
Only substance.
Only the crypts and Only substance.
The treatment of acute tonsillitis with the cause of bacteria:
Come to the health center
Monitor at home; gargle with salt water
Drink a lot of water
Try to work hard
Drink a lot of water and Try to work hard
Which one is not the symptom of acute tonsillitis?
Sudden occurrence
It can appear chilly
High fever, headach
The patient shows acute faces
Anorexic, weakness, constipation
Which one is not the local symptoms of acute tonsillitis?
Pharyngalgia
Can arouse dysphagia and usually refer to the ears
In children the hypertrophic tonsil can arouse dyspnea
Sudden occurrence
The patient shows acute faces
Which one is not the differential diagnosis of acute tonsillitis?
Pharyngeal diphtheria
Vincentβs angina
Hypoleukocytic angina
Acute otitis media
Hyper trophic tonsil
Which one is not the local tonsillitis complication?
Acute nephritis
Peritonsillar abscess (Quinsy)
Acute otitis media
Acute rhinosinusitis
Acute laryngitis
Which one is not the tonsillitis complication?
Acute rheumatism
Peritonsillar abscess
Acute otitis media
Acute rhinosinusitis
Acute hepatitis
General tonsillitis complication:
Acute rheumatism , acute nephritis
Peritonsillar abscess
Acute otitis media
Acute rhinosinusitis
Acute laryngitis
The treatment acute tonsillitis :
Oral intake
Adequate rest, gargle saline
Analgesics
Antibiotics (a 10 days course and enough dosage)
All are corrects
Chronic tonsillitis is
Persistent inflammation of the tonsils as a result of recurrent acute or subclinical infection.
Sudden infection on the surface of the tonsil.
Hypertrophic tonsils.
Hypotrophic tonsils.
Hypertrophic tonsils and Hypotrophic tonsils.
Which one is not the symptom of chronic tonsillitis?
Recurrent sore throats
Malaise
Joint pain
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Red swollen tonsils
Which one is not the sign of chronic tonsillitis?
Covered by some degree of debris or purulent wihin tonsillar crypts
Tonsilar hypertrophy or sunken atrophic tonsils.
Some purulent run out the crypts when pushing the tonsil with a spatula
The tonsillar pillars may show signs of scarring or chronic inflammation
Recurrent sore throats
The diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis base on :
Medical history
Local examination
Medical history and Local examination
Laboratory
Imagery investigation
Which one is not distinguishing diagnosis (differential diagnosis) of chronic tonsillitis?
Physiological tonsillar hypertrophy
Kkeratinization of tonsil
Tumor of tonsil
Peritonsillar abscess
Which one is not the complication of chronic tonsillitis?
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Rheumatic or renal disorders
Acute otitis media
Acute rhinosinusitis
Peritonsillar abcess
The treatment of chronic tonsillitis :
Oral intake, adequate rest
Analgesics
Antibiotics
Tonsillectomy
All are corrects
Peritonsillar abscess occur in patients with
Recurrent tonsillitis or those with chronic tonsillitis that has been inadequately treate
Recurrent rhinitis
Recurrent otitis medi
Recurrent pharyngitis.
Recurrent sinusitis.
Peritonsillar abscess it is usually
Unilateral and most frequently affects adult males
Bilateral
Bilateral and most frequently children
Bilateral and in the hot season
Bilateral and in the cold season
Which one is not the symptom of peritonsillar abscess?
Extreme unilateral soreness of the throat
Deviation of the uvula to the normal side
Odynophagia ,drooling
Drooling (saliva dribbles from the mouth)
Otalgia
Which one should not recommend for treatment peritonsillar abscess?
Intravenous antibiotics (large doses)
Needle aspiration (formed pus), incision drainage
Incision drainage
Tonsillectomy (after 8 weeks)
Only rest at home
Which one is not the sign of peritonsillar abscess?
Edema of the soft palate
Displaces the tonsil medially forward and downward
Deviation of the uvula to the normal side
Extreme unilateral soreness of the throat
Bulge of the soft palate
Which one is not the indication of tonsillectomy?
Repeated attacks (5 infections/ a year).
One attack of peritonsillar abscess.
Purulent material in the crypts of the tonsils
Acute tonsillar inflammation
Tonsillar hypertrophy causes the sleep apnoea syndrome
Which one is not the contraindication of tonsillectomy?
Respiratory tract infection or acute tonsillar inflammation.
Bleeding disorder or clotting problem.
Uncontrol hypertension
During menses or 3 day before menses
One attack of peritonsillar abscess.
Which one is not the local symptom of adenoid hypertrophy?
Chronic nasal obstruction: mouth breathing, snore
Recurrent rhinitis and sinusitis, nasal discharge serous
Recurrent otitis media, nasal tone and toneless.
Adeniod Face
Eating slowly
Which one is not the general symptom of adenoid hypertrophy?
Eating slowly
Malnutrition reaction bluntness
Unconcentration
Enuresis (bed-wetting )
Adeniod Face
For diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy base on?
Adenoid face
High arching of the palate
Palpation
X-ray, CT
All are corrects
Etiology of pharyngitis :
Viruses
Bacteria
Fungus
Industrial or atmospheric pollution , heavy smokers or drinkers
Gastroesophageal reflux , allergen
All are correct
Acute pharyngitis is usually resulted from
Acute tonsillitis.
Acute rhinitis.
A part of an upper respiratory tract infection.
Acute tonsillitis, Acute rhinitis and a part of an upper respiratory tract infection
Acute otitis media
Which one is not the symptom of chronic pharyngitis?
A raw , dry, uncomfortable
Painful throat
Feeling a foreign body in throat
A dry cough
Otalgia
Which one is not the symptom of chronic pharyngitis?
A raw, dry, uncomfortable
Painful throat
Feling a foreign body in throat
A dry cough
Slight red and swelling pharynx
Which one is not the symptom of chronic pharyngitis?
Posterior wall thick with islands of hypertrophied lymphoid follicles
Painful throat
Feeling a foreign body in throat
A dry cough
A raw, dry, uncomfortable
Which one is not the sign of chronic pharyngitis?
A normal-looking pharynx
Slight red and swelling pharynx
A posterior wall thick with islands of
Hypertrophied lymphoid follicles
Feeling a foreign body in throat
Which one should not recommend for chronic pharyngitis treatment?
Avoidance of tobacco and constant irritation
Antihistamines
Antiviral medication
Tranquilizer
Digestive
For diagnosis of carcinoma of nasopharynx base on :
Medical history
Careful examination
Biopsy of nasopharynx
Medical history , Careful examination and Biopsy of nasopharynx
Blood test
Which one is not the physiology of nasopharynx?
Protection of lower airways
Phonation
Respiration
Fixation of the chest
Hearing
Which one should not recommend for treatment of acute laryngitis?
Voice rest
Mucolytic
Anticold
+/- Antibiotic
Surgery
Which one is not the symptom of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (CROUP)?
Barking cough
Stridor
Exhausted
Lying down
Narrowing of subglottis
Which one should not recommend for treatment of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (CROUP)?
Admit
Humidification, hydration, O2
Antibiotic , steroid
Intubation
Only rest at home
Sign of acute epiglottitis?
Early URI symptoms
Children > change very fast 6-12 hr.
Fever
Pain in throat
Epiglottis >swelling,inflamation
Pathogen of epiglottitis?
Adenovirus
Morexella catarrharis
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
H. Influenza type B
Which one should not recommend for treatment of epiglottitis?
Admit, closed monitoring, prepare for intubation
Broad spectrum penicillin
Hydration, humidification
Steriod
Only rest at home
External ear has
Auricle and external auditory canal
Tympanic membrane
Tympanic cavity
Semicircular canals
Cochlea
External Auditory Canal:
2.5 cm long
Outer 2/3 is cartilaginous
Inner 1/3 is bony
1.5 cm long
3.5 cm long
Tympanic membrane has
Size 10mm (supero- inferior), 8 mm (antero- posterior)
Tympanic sulcus
Pars tensa β above anterior & posterior malleolar folds
Pars flaccida β below anterior & posterior malleolar folds
Contents of the Middle ear cavity
3 ossicles, 2 nerves, 2 muscles
2 ossicles, 2 nerves, 2 muscles
3 ossicles, 1 nerve, 2 muscles
3 ossicles, 2 nerves, 3 muscles
3 ossicles, 3 nerves, 2 muscles
Middle ear cavity communicates with inner ear through
3 ways: oval window, round window, Eustachian tube
2 ways: round window, Eustachian tube
2 ways: oval window, round window
1 way: oval window
2 ways: oval window, Eustachian tube
Chronic otitis media
Otitis media > 2 months
Otitis media > 3 months
Otitis media > 1 month
Otitis media > 4 month
All routes of spread of infection in complication of chronic otitis media except:
Natural communication
Direct erosion of bone
Abnormal preformed pathways
Vascular channels
Tympanic membrane perforation
Highest incidence of acute otitis media
6 to 24 months of age
1 to 6 months of age
2 to 4 years of age
4 to 8 years of age
8 to 12 years of age
The ear has
2 parts external ear and inner ear
3 parts external ear, middle ear and inner ear
Only part of cartilage
Only part of bone
No contact with facial nerve
Eustachian tube
Anterior part of tympanic cavity
Posterior part of tympanic cavity
Superior part of tympanic cavity
Inferior part of tympanic cavity
Medial part of tympanic cavity
Bony Fallopian canal of facial nerve
Posterior part of tympanic cavity
Superior part of tympanic cavity
Medial part of tympanic cavity
Inferior part of tympanic cavity
Anterior part of tympanic cavity
Base of the cochlea (basal turn) corresponds to
Anterior part of tympanic cavity
Posterior part of tympanic cavity
Superior part of tympanic cavity
Inferior part of tympanic cavity
Medial part of tympanic cavity
All risk factors for acute otitis media except:
Age
Breast feeding
Tobacco smoke and air pollution
Pacifier use
Egg
Fissure of santorini is
Defect in bony portion of EAC
Defect in cartilaginous portion of EAC
Defect in the floor of middle ear
Defect in posterior wall of middle ear
Defect in superior wall of middle ear
Pinna is made up of
Elastic Cartilage
Hyaline Cartilage
Fibrous Cartilage
A combination of Hyaline and Fibrous cartilage
A combination of Hyaline and Elastic cartilage
The nerve supply of posterior wall of External auditory canal is:
Auriculotemporal branch of mandibular nerve
Auricular branch of vagus nerve
Both of the above
None of the above
Facial nerve
Nerve supply for external ear are all except:
Trigeminal nerve
Greater auricular nerve
Auriculotemporal nerve
Lesser occipital nerve
All of the following nerves supply Auricle and External meatus except:
Trigeminal nerve
Greater auricular nerve
Auditory nerve
Vagus nerve
Pars Flaccida of the tympanic membrane is also called
Reissnerβs membrane
Sharpnellβs membrane
Basilar membrane
Secondary tympanic membrane
Anterior wall of tympanic cavity contain:
Promontory
Bony part of pharyngotympanic tube
Processus cochleariform
Pyramid
Tensor tympani muscle
Eustachian tube has a key role in middle ear infections in children because it is:
Shorter
Wider
Horizontal
All of are correct
Cone of light is seen in
Anterio superior quadrant
Anterio inferior quadrant
Posterio superior quadrant
Posterio inferior quadrant
The promontory of the middle ear is formed by:
Apical turn of cochlea
Basal turn of cochlea
Lateral semicircular canal
Posterior semicircular canal
Eustachian tube opens in:
Anterior wall of middle ear
Posterior wall of middle ear
Lateral wall of middle ear
Medial wall of middle ear
Most common causative organism for acute otitis media is:
Staphylococcus pyogenes
Hemophilus influenzae
Coli
Streptococcus pneumonia
Cholesteatoma is:
Benign tumour of middle ear
Malignant tumour of middle ear
Keratinising stratified squamous epithelium of middle ear cleft
Non Keratinising stratified squamous epithelium of middle ear cleft
Chorda tympani carries taste sensation from:
Posterior 1/3 of tongue
Anterior 2/3 of tongue
Anterior Β½ of tongue
Posterior Β½ of tongue
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