Bio-exam 2014, part 1
Bio-Exam 2014: Part 1
Test your understanding of key concepts in molecular biology with our comprehensive quiz, designed to challenge your knowledge on mutations, DNA structures, and cancer biology.
Featuring:
- 25 questions covering various essential topics
- Multiple choice and checkbox formats
- Immediate feedback on your answers
A nonsense mutation generally results in:
Translation of incorrect amino acids
Shorter polypeptide
No change in expressed protein
A frameshift
Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning the differences between DNA and RNA?
RNA is usually double-stranded, but DNA is usually single-stranded
RNA has the sugar deoxyribose, but DNA has the sugar ribose
RNA contains three different nucleotides, but DNA contains four different nucleotides.-
RNA lacks the base thymine (which is found in DNA) and has uracil instead.
Which of the following can lead to a loss of gene function:
A missense mutation
A silent mutation
A change from T to C in the TATA box
A nonsense mutation
The DNA sequence of a codon in a gene was changed from T to C. This type of mutation is called a(n) ________
Point mutation
Insertion mutation
Deletion mutation
Frameshift mutation
Which of the following is not involved in the processing of mRNA precursors in eukaryotic cells?
Cap binding of the 5’ end
Addition of poly A
Addition of introns
Removal of exons
When all or a piece of a chromosome becomes attached to another chromosome, the aberration is called an:
Inversion
Translocation
Deletion
Duplication
Mark features of fibroadenoma (benign tumor)
Rather slow rate of growth
Metastases are never present
DNA of tumor does not contain any mutations
Caused by frameshift mutation within MLH1 gene
Which of following is NOT required for a PCR reaction?
A taq-polymerase
Dideoxy-dNTPs (ddNTPS)
DNTPs
Template DNA
Primers
Which of the following statements is NOT true about cancer?
A Cancer can be a genetic disease which is inherited-
Cancer is primarily a disease caused by DNA polymorphisms.
A cancer can be caused by mutations which inactivate oncogenes
A tumor is not regarded as malignant until it spreads to other parts of the body forming secondary tumors.
Which of the following types of protein could be coded by a tumor suppressor gene?
A protein which gives a cell a growth advantage
A protein which inhibits cell proliferation
A protein which suppress mitosis
A protein that stimulate mitosis.
What is the theoretical progression of nucleic acid amplification by PCR?
1,2,3,4,5,6,....
1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000,...
2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ...
2, 4, 24, 96, 384, 1024,
Mark correct sentences:
Frame-shift is caused by four nucleotides deletion
In-frame mutation is caused by four nucleotides deletion
Frame-shift is caused by three nucleotides insertion
In-frame mutation is caused by three nucleotides insertion
Function of RNA polymerase is: (making RNA)
Replication of DNA
Transcription from DNA to RNA
Translation from RNA to protein
Denaturation of DNA
RNA interference:
Single-stranded RNA probe becomes attached with another single-stranded sequence
Requires Dicer enzyme
Regulates protein synthesis
Takes place in the cytoplasm
Mark the protein ending parts of the gene:
Promotor
Exons
Introns
UTR
Tumor suppressor genes:
Are usually well expressed among healthy individuals
One mutated allele is enough to cause cancer
Encode proteins that increase cell proliferation
Rb and p53 are examples of such genes
Mark the correct sequence of phases during mitosis:
Prophase-metaphase-telophase-anaphase
Prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase
Metaphase-prophase-anaphase-telophase
Prophase-anaphase-telophase-metaphase
A germline point mutation within exon 5 of the MLH-gene was detected in a patient. Which of the following methods can be used in order to examine his relatives:
RFLP
Sequencing
MLPA
Karyotyping
The karyotype consists of 92 (92 XXYY) chromosomes. Such chromosomal alteration can be an example of:
Triploidy
Aneuploidy
Polyploidy
Trisomy
It is true, that in case of balanced translocation;
The length of exchanged DNA fragments is the same
Such translocation can be detected by HRM-
Clinical symptoms are usually more severe than in case of unbalanced translocation-
We observe deletion within one of the chromosomes involved in translocation-
Metatases:
Can travel by lymphatic system
Can travel by blood system
Can occur I the tumor is benign
Can always be detected by the use of computer tomography
Sequencing can be used in detection of:
Chromosomal translocation
Known point mutation
Unknown point mutation
Polymorphisms
It is true, that:
Phenotype is the appearance of an individual in a given environment
Missense mutations result in shortening of proteins-
Somatic mutations can be inherited by next generations
Germline mutations can be detected only I malignant tissue
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