Blood and bone marrow
Blood and Bone Marrow Quiz
Test your knowledge on blood and bone marrow with this comprehensive quiz! Covering topics from hemopoiesis to leukocyte fun
Key Features:
- 34 detailed questions
- Multiple choice and checkbox formats
- Explore various aspects of blood cell formation and fun
ction
Hemopoiesis
Process of production of blood cells
Takes place in red bone marrow
Involves proliferation, differentiation and maturation of cells
All blood cells arise from a single hematopoietic stem cell
Hematopoietic stem cells are found in the thymus
During granulopoiesis, spesific granules are synthesized in myelocytes
Components of the bone marrow
Megakaryocytes
Hematopoietic cells
T-cells
Reticulocytes
Yellow adipose tissue
Hematopoietic cords
Sinusoidal capillaries
Elastic arteries
Erythrocytes
Cannot leave the blood vessels by diapedesis
Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
Are unnucleated
Lysosomes are present in their cytoplasm
Human erythrocytes survive in circulation for about 120 days
They have a biconcave shape
Reticulocytes constitute about 1% of all circulating erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Are divided into granulocytes and agranulocytes
Neutrophils are active phagocytes of bacteria
Specific granules of eosinophils contains major basic protein
Basophils has receptors for IgE in their plasmalemma
Neutrophils are less numerous than eosinophils
When activated lymphocytes B proliferate to produce plasma cells and memory cells
Specific granules are more abundant granules in neutrophils
Platelets
Platelets release blood-clotting factors
Are unnucleated
Originate from megakaryocytes
Is involved in the coagulation of blood
Are the predominant cells of blood
A dense tubular system is present in the hyalomere of platelets
They are cytoplasmic remnants of monocytes
Contains granules, glycogen and mitochondria
Are composed of hyalomere and granulomere
Have granules containing ADP
Originate from the thymus
Originate from the bone marrow
Correct percentage of leukocytes
Neutrophils; 0-1%
Neutrophils; 44-55%
Eosinophils; 1-5%
Basophils; 0-1%
Monocytes; 20-30%
Monocytes 2-8%
Lymphocytes; 20-30%
Neutrophils
Has a multilobed nucleus
Contains specific granules
Their tertiary granules contains glycoproteins that are dedicated for insertion into the cell membrane
Their main function is phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria
Erythropoiesis
Is stimulated by EPO
Pro-erythroblasts are precursors of erythrocytes
Reticulocytes has a nucleus
Reticulocytes are filled with hemoglobin
Reticulocytes contain residual ribosomal RNA
True about stem cells and differentiation
Differentiation is not he same as proliferation
Differentiation can occur postnatally
Stem cells can not be recognized according to morphological features
Precursor cells does not leave the bone marrow in normal conditions
Mature cells leave the bone marrow
The amount of yellow bone marrow decreases with age
Red bone marrow features
Sinusoids; sinusoidal capillaries are present
Clusters of developing blood cells are visible
Reticular fibers are present
Color is due to the presence of adipose cells
Contains hematopoietic cords
Components of the bone marrow
Megakaryocytes
Hematopoietic cells
Reticulocytes
Yellow adipose tissue
Hematopoietic cords
Sinusoidal capillaries
Lymphocytes
B-lymphocytes can produce immunoglobulins
Makes up approximately 20-40% of all leukocytes
All lymphocytes originate in the bone marrow
All lymphocytes mature in the bone marrow
Has a one-lobed nucleus
B-lymphocytes produces antibodies
There are both B and T-lymphocytes
T-lymphocytes matures in the bone marrow
Their progenitor cells originates in the bone marrow
Hemopoiesis
The process of producing blood cells
Takes place in the yellow blood marrow
Involves proliferation and differentiation of cells
All blood cells arise from a single hematopoietic stem cell
Myelocytes synthesize specific granules during granulopoiesis
Basophils
Belongs to agranulocytes
Contains specific granules
Are the most numerous of the white blood cells
Contains heparin and histamine in their granules
Has IgE receptors on their surface
Are the least numerous of the white blood cells
Thrombocytes
Also reffered to as platelets
Derives from large polyploid cells called megakaryocytes
Main function is clotting of blood
Has a nucleus and well developed organelles
Cells belonging to the erythropoietic lineage
Pro-erythroblasts
Ortochromatophilic erythroblasts
Reticulocytes
Lymphocytes
Leukocytes
Cells present during granulocyte development
Promyelocytes
Ortochromatophilic erythroblasts
Myelocytes
Reticulocytes
Myeloblasts
True about hemopoiesis
Hemopoiesis depends on a microenvironment with specific endocrine, paracrine and juxtacrine factors
Red blood cells develop from myeloid cells
Hemopoietic growth factors promote cell differentiation and maturation within specific lineages
Granulocytes develops from myeloid cells
During granulopoiesis, specific granules are synthesized in myelocytes
Stromal part of the bone marrow includes
Adipocytes
Stem cells
Reticulum cells
Osteoblasts
Hematopoietic cells
Endothelial cells
Macrophages
Reticulocytes
Reticular cells
Fibroblasts
Hematopoietic stem cells
Are able to respond to growth factor stimulation
Are unable to self-renew
Has a morphology similar to lymphocytes
Megakariocytes
Has a polyploid nucleus
Are the largest of the hematopoietic stem cells
Circulates in blood
Belongs to granulocyte lineage
True regarding blood
Red blood cells has a lifespan of 14 days
Erythrocytes often leaves the circulatory system and migrate to tissues
Reticulocytes are not fully mature erythrocytes
Agranulocytes does not have any granules in their cytoplasm
The membrane of normal erythrocytes has a high flexibility
Leukocytes can migrate into tissues
Matched blood cells and their features
Eosinophils - increase in number during parasitic infection
Eosinophils - has a multilobed nucleus; 8-10 lobes
B lymphocytes - matures in the thymus
T lymphocytes - matures in the thymus
Monocytes - secretes antibodies
Monocytes - macrophages
Statements regarding blood
Plasma contains fibrinogen
Serum contains fibrinogen
Reticulocytes are not fully mature erythrocytes
Serum is devoid of clotting factors
Lymphocytes constitute 4-8% of all circulating leukocytes
Megakaryocytes
The largest haematopoietic cells
Have a poliploid nucleus
Circulate in blood
Are the least numerous blood cell
Belongs to the granulocyte system
Are found within the red bone marrow
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