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A detailed anatomical illustration of the maxillary sinus and mandible along with signs of osteomyelitis, showcasing medical diagrams and labelled parts.

Maxillary Sinus and Osteomyelitis Knowledge Quiz

Test your knowledge on the maxillary sinus, its anatomy, complications, and related conditions such as osteomyelitis. This quiz is designed for dental and medical professionals looking to sharpen their understanding of crucial topics.

112 Challenging questions
Multiple choice format
Deep dive into maxillary sinus and osteomyelitis

112 Questions28 MinutesCreated by ExploringRoots235

The volume of maxillary sinus is

15-30 ml

10 ml

40 ml

50 ml

Maxillary sinus is also known as :

Paranasal sinus

Antrum of Highmore

Antrum of Keith

No other name

The best view for maxillary sinus is :

PA view

AP view

Lateral view of skull

PA view in waters`s position

<>procedure is done to :

Visualize the antrum from oral cavity

Visualize the antrum from nasal cavity

To establish drainage through nasal cavity

To pack the maxillary antrum

Acute maxillary sinusitis :

Results in referred pain to a single tooth

Results in referred pain to the orbit and maxillary posterior tooth

Is usually a non-infection process

A tooth displaced into maxillary antrum can be removed by :

Caldwell-luc procedure

Transalveolar extraction

Bergers`s method

Intranasal antrostomy

The other name of maxillary sinus

Antrum of Highmore

Antrum of Denver

Antrum of Khnopfleer

Antrum of Wilson

The base of the maxillary sinus is formed by the :

Zygomatic bone

Orbital floor

Hard palate

Lateral wall of the nose

Other

Please Specify:

Shape of the adult maxillary sinus is :

Rhomboid

Trapezoid

Rectangular

Pyramidal

Other

Please Specify:

The incidence of oro-antral fistulae is less in :

Children and young adults

Midle aged adults

Elderly

All of the above

Other

Please Specify:

Pyramidal

Nasal bone

Floor of the orbit

Palate

Zygomatic process of the maxilla

The treatment of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis is :

Sequestrectomy,saucerization and hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Sequestrectomy ,with hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Saucerization only

Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis is also known as :

Perosteitis ossificans

Condensing osteitis

Garre`s osteomyelitis

Alveolar osteitis

Other

Please Specify:

Garre`s osteomyelitis was first described by Garre in the year :

1873

1883

1893

1903

Inflammatory cells seen chiefly in acute suppurative osteomyelitis histology are :

Monocytes

Neurophilic PMNL`s

After decortication of mandible in osteomyelitis,closed irrigation suction and/or placement of antibiotic is done for a period of :

5-7 days

7-10 days

10-14 days

14-20 days

Decortication of the mandible for the treatment of osteomyelitis was described by

Maxwell

Mowlem

Mader

Michellin

Radiographic characteristics of osteomyelitis were described by :

Wilson

Worth

Wright

Williams

All of the following are true about osteomyelitis of the mandible, except :

Symphysis is more commonly involved than angle

Ramus is more commonly involved than symphysis

Body is more commonly involved than symphysis

Angle is more commonly involved than condyle

The most common organisms isolated from primary hematogenuos osteomyelitis of long bones in adult :

Staphylococcus sp

E.coli

Salmonella typhi

Pneumococcus

Osteomyelitis of the jaws is primarily caused by :

Peptostreptococcus

Prevotella (Bacteroids)

Streptococcus sp

Vincent`s organism

Pneumococcus

Phack the socket with gauge

Allow the clot to form No special treatment is necessary

Place the patient on antibiotics

Rise a big mucoperiosteal flap and close the antrum

The muscles that aid in displacement of maxillary fractures are :

Masseter

Temporalis

Upper part of orbicularis and lower part of orbicularis occuli

None of the above

To drain pus from an abscess,the surgeon should :

Cut and eclipse from the abscess surface to allow for a drain

Aspirate the contents

Penetrate into abscess cavity and probe with an artery to allow for flow of pus

Cut only the mucosa and skin

Treatment of choice to localized infection with pus is :

Antibiotc administration

Establish drainage

Apply col to the area

Advise hot mouth washes

Among of the followinh which is treatment of choice for infection with fluctuation in an afebrile patient ?

Administration of antibiotics

Application of hot packs to the area

Incision and drainage

Antibiotics administration followed by I and D

A fracture mandible should be immobilized an everage of :

3 weeks

6 weeks

9 weeks

12 weeks

Fracture of mandible all are true except :

Fractures of the mandible are common at the angle of the mandible

Fractures of the mandible are effected by the muscle pull

Fractures of the mandible are usually characterized by sublingual hematoma

C.S.F. Rhinorrhea is a common finding

The ideal treatment for fracture of the angle of mandible is :

Intermaxillary fixation

Plating on the lateral side of the body of the mandible

Plating at the inferior border of the mandible

Most common complication of condylar injuries in children :

Pain

Ankylosis

Osteoartrhitis

Fracture of glenoid fossa

Primary healing of a mandibular fracture is seen following fixation with :

Gunning splints

Compression plates

Trans-osseous wires

Champy plates

In the maxilla,a compression plate can be safely applied along the

Infraorbital margin

Anterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus

Frontozygomatic suture

Zygomaticomaxillary suture

To provide absolute stability of the fracture ends by a compression bone plate,the minimum number of screws that have to be placed on both side of the fracture line is :

Six

Two

Three

Four

After extraction of maxillary first molar,a communication is found between the palatal socket and a disease of free maxillary sinus which measure 0.2 cm.The best treatment is :

Allow the clot to form advice proper home care

Primary closure and antihistamine

Gold foil closure

Caldwell-Luc operation

True open bite is caused by :

Horizontal fracture of the maxilla

Fracture of the coronoid process of left side of mandible

Unilateral fracture of mandibular angle

Fracture of mandibular symphys

In depressed zygomatic arch fracture, difficulty in opening the mouth is caused by impingement of:

Condyles

Petrous temporal

Coronoid process

Ramus

Which is the immediate danger to a patient with severe facial injuries

Bleeding

Associated fracture spine

Infection

Respiratory obstruction

Le fort 1 fracture is characterized by:

Bleeding from the ear

Bleeding from the antrum

Angle class 2 skeletal relationship

None of the above

Suturing in facial wound injuries should be done with in:

2 hours

6 hours

4 hours

8 hours

Paresthesia is seen with which of the following types of fractures:

Subcondylar

Zygomatico maxillary

Coronoid process

Symphyseal

Forceps used for maxillary fracture disimpaction

Rowe's

Bristows

Ashs

Walshams

A patient is in shock with gross comminuted fracture, immediate treatment is to give :

Normal saline

Ringer's lactate solution

Whole blood

Plasma expanders

Walsham's forceps are used to :

Remove teeth

Remove root

Reduce nasal bone fractures

"Panda facies" is commonly seen after

Le fort I fractures

Le fort 2 fractures

Mandible fractures

None of the above

CSF rhinorrhea is not found in

Lefort 1

Lefort II

Lefort III

Ethmoidal

Gillis approach for reduction of zygomatic fractures is done through :

Temporal fossa

Intra temporal fossa

Infra orbital fossa

All of the above

Which of the following is not a feature of Le Fort II fracture :

Enophthalmos

Malocclusion

Paraesthesia

CSF rhinorrhea

The first step in management of head injury is :

Secure airway

I.V. mannitol

CSF rhinorrhea is found

Frontal bone structure

Zygomatico maxillary fracture

Naso ethmoidal fracture

Condylar fracture

Le Fort III fracture is the same

Craniofacial dysjunction

Guerrin's fracture

Pyramidal fracture

None of the above

Le Fort III fracture is the same as :

Craniofacial dysjunction

Guerrin's fracture

Pyramidal fracture

None of the above

Fixation with pack in maxillary sinus is :

To support comminuted fracture of the body of zygomatic complex

T o support and reconstitute comminuted orbital floor fracture

To protect mucosal covering of maxillary sinus

A&b all correct

Floating maxilla is typically found in

Le Fort I or guerin fractures

Le Fort II or pyramidal fractures

Craniomandibular dysjunction

All of the above

In a patient of head injury which is more important to note first:

Pupillary light reflex

Pupillary size

Corneal reflex

Ability to open eye

Which of the following always indicates obstruction to the airway?

Slow pounding pulse

Stertoreous breathing

Increase in pulse rate

Decrease in blood pressure

Moon face is seen in

Le Fort I

Le Fort II

Le Fort III

Orbital fractures

In blow out fractures which of the following is seen

Enophthalmos

Exophtholmos

Bulbar hemorrhage

None

Diplopia after fracture results from entrapment of

Inferior rectus

Inferior oblique

Lateral rectus

Superior oblique

In Le Fort III fracture all are seen except

Crack pot sound on tapping teeth

CSF rhinorrhea

Fracture at frontozygomatic suture

Whole face is mobile

The muscle that aids in displacement of maxillary fractures are

Masseter

Temporalis

Orbicularis oculi and orbicularis oris

None of the above

What is the name of the fracture that is clinically detected by tugging on the maxilla/hard palate causing the nose to move.

Le fort 2

Le fort 3

Le fort 4

Le fort 1

Which facial view x-ray is the best for examining the orbits and midface?

OPG

Waters or occipitomental

Caldwell or PA view

Submental vertex

A tripod fracture involves what?

It is another word for le fort fracture

Zygomaticotemperal and zygomatico frontal suture diastasis and inferiororbital rim fracture

Fracture through maxilla, zygomatic arch and nasal bones

Fracture through neck angle and body of the mandible

Which part of the mandible is fractured the most frequently in trauma?

Condyle

Ramus

Body

Symphysis

Maxillary sinus is usually involved in fractures:

Le fort 1

Zygomatic arch fracture

Le fort 3

Nasoethmoidal fracture

If a fracture of jaw bone is communicated to external environment ,it is called :

Comminuted fracture

Compound fracture

Simple fracture

Transverse fracture

Le fort 3 fracture is also called :

Horizontal fracture

Pyramidal fracture

Transverse fracture

Green stick fracture

Maxillary sinus infection of odontogenic origin is most commonly caused by :

Aerobic bacteria

Anaerobic bacteria

Fungal

Viral

Surgical blade used for drainage of abscess is :

Blade No 12

Blade No 15

Blade No 11

Blade No 22

Goals of Maxillomandibular Fixation (MMF) :

Restore occlusion

Reduction of fracture segments

Stabilization of fracture segments

All of the above

Facial fractures are diagnosed from :

History

Physical examination

Radiographs

All of the above

Squestrum is a :

Necrotized bone

Newly formed bone

Vital bone

Reactive bone formation

Acute osteomyelitis in maxilla is :

Localized

Diffuse

Widespread

None of the above

A diffuse inflammation of soft tissue that is not circumscribed is an :

Abscess

Swelling

Cellulutis

A focal gross thickening of the periosteum with peripheral bone formation is :

Chronic osteomyelitis

Condencing osteitis

Garre`s osteomyelitis

Periostitis

The most common orgeism associated with cellulitis is :

Streptococci

-Staphylococci

Actinomyces

Lactobacillus

A corne-shaped space infection involving inner canthus of eye is :

Canine space

Buccal space

Parotid space

Palatal abscess

During the Gillies approach,the structure of anatomic significance is :

Superficial temporal artery

Marginal mandibular nerve

Internal jugular vein

Inferior alveolar nerve

An unfavorable displaced fracture of the mandibular angle is difficult to treat because of :

Muscle pull causes distraction

Malocclusion secondary to the injury

Injury to nerves and vessels

Bone in that region is very thick

Bilateral condylar fracture

Symphysis fracture of the mandible

Bilateral fracture of mandible in the second premolar area

Fracture of the angle of the mandible

In a patient with bilateral dislocated fractures of the neck of the mandibular condyles one can expect the following clinical signs :

Anterior open bite

A & B

Anterior open bite and inability to protrude the mandible

Of the following which facial bone is most frequently fractured ?

Mandible

Maxilla

-Nasal

Zygomatic

Which of the following is complication often open fracture ?

Malunion

Nonunion

Infection

Crepitation

Principles in treatment fractures include :

Reduction of fracture

Fixation of fracture and restoration of occlusion

Immmobilisation

All of the above

Depressed fracture of the zygomatic area may be clinically recognized by :

Concavity of the overlaying tissue in the zygomatic arch area

Interference with movements of the mandible

Subluxation of condyles

A & B @

After a depressed fracture of zygomatic arch mandibular movement is restricted.The most probable reason is :

Disruption of TMJ

Spasm of the lateral pterygoid muscle

Mechanical impingement of the fracture fragment on the coronoid process

Splinting action of masseter and medial pterygoid muscle

Among the following which is compound fracture ?

Fracture with many small fragments

Fracture in a star shaped appearance

Fracture with communition with the oral cavity

Fracture with bleeding into the masticator space

The mini-bone plate system is a :

Compressive bone plating system

Monocortical system

Bicortical system

None of the above

The minimum number of miniplates required in fractures anterior to canine in mandible is:

No plate is required since anterior region develops less amount of tension forces than in molar region

Only one plate as in molar region

Two plates

Three plates

Minimum number of screw required for fixation of miniplate are :

Two screws on each side of fracture site

Three screws on each side of fracture site

Two screws in small fragment and three screws in large fragment

Risdom wiring is indicated for :

Body fracture

Angle fracture

Symphysis fracture

Subcondylar fracture

The most common complication of maxillofacial injuries requiring immediate attention is:

Haemorrhage

Airway obstruction

Infection

Shock

The Gillies approach is used to gain acess to the following bone :

Nasal bone

Zygomatic bone

Maxilla

Temporal bone

While doing circumferential wiring around a mandibular Gunning splint,care most be

Mandibular branch of the facial nerve

Facial artery as it crosses the anteroinferior of the masseter

The lingual nerve

He submsndibular gland and its duct

The elastic traction used commonly to reduce facial fractures,does so by overcoming :

The active mascular pull that distracts the fragments

The organized connected tussue at the fracture site

The malposion caused by the direction and force of trauma

All of the above

Panda facies is commonly seen after

Le fort 1 fractures

Le fort 2 fractures

Zygoatic arch fractures

Orbital blow-out fractures

A subconjunctival haemorrhage remains bright red in colour for a long time because of the :

Permeability of the conjunctiva to oxygen

Natural colour of blood

Lack of drainage of the pooled blood

None of the above

The following fracture is usually pyramidal in shape :

Le firt I fracture

Le fort II fracture

Le fort III fracture

Mandibular symphysis fracture

Cranio facial disjunction commonly occurs in :

Le fort I fracture

Le fort III fracture

Mandibular symphysis fracture

Mandibular condyle

Gilli`s approach is :

Used to block inferior alveolar nerve

Used to reduce the fractured zygoma

Placed just anterior to the ear

One of the frequent approach for condylar surgery

Contraindications of close reduction are :

Mental retardation and nutritional concerns

Respiratory diseases(COPD) and unfavorable fractures

All of the above

Indications of close reduction are :

Nondisplaced favorable fractures

Mandibular fractures in children with developing dentition.

Condylar fractures(intracapsular fracture )

All of the above

Indications of open reduction are :

Unfavorable/unstable mandibular fractres/Multiple fractures of the facial bones

Fractures of an edentulous mandibule fracture with severe displacement and malunion

Delayed treatment with interposition of soft tissue that prevents closed reduction techniques to reapproximate the fragments

All of the above @

Indication of Transosseous wiring :

Control of edentulous posterior fragment and edentulous mandibular fractures

Grossly comminuted fractures

Control of lower border when upper border has been fixed by conventional methods

All of the above

The treatment goals of condylar fractures:

To restore mandibular function, occlusion, prevent growth disturbances, and maintain symmetry

Must avoid ankylosis

Use short periods of IMF (7-14 days), then jaw opening exercises; in children under 3 years, immediate function necessary to prevent ankylosis

All of the above

Which methods of treatment are appropriate for reduction of a fractured mandibular angle in a dentate patient :

Intramaxillary fixation(IMF) using eyelet wires

IMF using arch bars

Mini bone plates

IMF using K-wires

Subconjunctival bleed with no posterior border indicates fracture of which bone:

Maxilla

Mandible

Zygoma

Nasal

The weakest part of mandible where fracture occurs :

Neck condyle

Angle of mandible

Canine fossa

Midline

The most common fracture of face is that of :

Mandible

Maxilla

Zygoma

Nasal bone

Sinus disease is best demonstrated by

CTscan

Plain X-ray

Tomography

Ultrasound

Nasal pyramid consist of :

Nasal bones and Nasal septum

Frontal processes of maxilla

Lateral cartilages

All the above

Diplopia is caused by:

Hematoma or edema arround extraoccular muscle

Neuromuscular injury

Disruption of attachment of inferior rectus or inferior oblique muscle

All the above @

Other

Please Specify:

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