Physiology(1-60)Dr. Aim sothea

A vibrant illustration of neurons and synapses in a colorful neural network, showcasing the complexity of the nervous system and the brain's activities, scientifically styled.

Neuroscience Fundamentals Quiz

Test your knowledge of the fundamental concepts in neuroscience and physiology with our engaging quiz! Designed for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, this quiz covers a wide range of topics related to the nervous system.

Explore the structure and function of neurons
Understand the role of glial cells in the CNS
Learn about action potentials and synaptic transmission

60 Questions15 MinutesCreated by ThinkingBrain123

1. Which of the following descriptions is accurate?

σ� A neuron has a single dendrite, which sends information

σ� A neuron has a single axon, which sends information

σ� A neuron has many axons, which receive information

σ� A neuron has many dendrites, which send information

2. The phagocytic cells in the CNS are:?

σ� astrocytes

σ� microglia

σ� oligodendrocytes

σ� ependymal cells

3. The _____cells provide a means of producing myelin?

σ� astrocyte

σ� microglia

σ� ependymal

σ� oligodendrocyte

4. Which of the following terms describes an accumulation of nerve cell bodies in the PNS?

σ� nucleus

σ� ganglion

σ� gray matter

σ� peripheral nerve

6. The minimal stimulus needed to cause a neuron to transmit an impulse is called the:?

σ� action potential

σ� resting potential

σ� threshold

σ� refractory period

7. Saltatory conduction occurs when an impulse jumps from:?

σ� axon to dendrite

σ� node to node

σ� dendrite to axon

σ� node of Ranvier to axon

8. A change in a dendrite which lessens the probability of a conduction is:?

σ� Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potentia

σ� Inhibitatory Post-Synaptic Potential

σ� threshold potential

σ� action potential

9. Which of the following does NOT belong with the rest?

σ� summation

σ� facilitation

σ� divergence

σ� convergence

10. Which type of short neuron is found in the retina?

σ� bipolar

σ� unipolar

σ� multipolar

σ� tripolar

11. The following belong together EXCEPT which one?

σ� efferent

σ� multipolar

σ� sensory

σ� motor

12. The following belong together EXCEPT which one?

σ� interneuron

σ� intercalated neuron

σ� association neuron

σ� sensory neuron

13. The PNS is comprised of cranial nerves and:?

σ� motor nerves

σ� sensory nerves

σ� somatic nerves

σ� spinal nerves

14. The cells that produce myelin in the PNS are:?

σ� oligodendrocytes

σ� axons

σ� Schwann

σ� ependymal

15. Diffusion of which of the following ions into the synaptic knob triggers the release of neurotransmitter?

σ� Na+

σ� Ca2+

σ� Cl–

σ� K+

16. Where are neurotransmitter receptors located?

σ� presynaptic membrane

σ� nodes of Ranvier

σ� postsynaptic membrane

σ� synaptic vesicle membranes

17. A common feature of action potentials is that they:?

σ� cause the membrane to hyperpolarize and then depolarize.

σ� can undergo temporal and spatial summation.

σ� are triggered by a depolarization that reaches the threshold.

σ� move at the same speed along all axons.

18. What happens when a resting neuron's membrane depolarizes?

σ� There is a net diffusion of Na+ out of the cell.

σ� The neuron's membrane voltage becomes more positive

σ� The neuron is less likely to generate an action potential.

σ� The cell's inside is more negative than the outside.

σ� Central nervous system (CNS)

19. The membrane closest to the brain is:?

σ� dura mater

σ� pia mater

σ� arachnoid meninx

σ� denticulate ligament

20. An inflammation of the brain coverings is termed:?

σ� Encephalitis

σ� Meningitis

σ� Poliomyelitis

σ� Cerebral palsy

21. The cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the capillaries of the:?

σ� lateral ventricle

σ� arachnoid villi

σ� choroid plexus

σ� dural sinus

22. What is daily amount of CSF in the nervous system at any given time?

σ� 100 mL

σ� 140 mL

σ� 500 mL

σ� 1000 mL

23. Which of the following is NOT a medullary vital center?

σ� blood pressure

σ� cardiac

σ� vasomotor

σ� respiratory

24. What is first component of reflex arch?

σ� Motor neuron

σ� Sensory neuron

σ� Muscle or glance

σ� Interneuron

25. What type of speech does Broca's area control?

σ� Speech production

σ� Speech understanding

σ� Speech hearing

σ� Speech reasoning

26. Sensory speech area in the brain is called:?

σ� Wernicke area

σ� Broca area

σ� Auditory area

σ� Visual area

27. An area of skin innervated by sensory nerves is called:?

σ� dermatome

σ� ventral root

σ� dermal receptor

σ� dorsal root

28. The following are plexus names EXCEPT:?

σ� cervical

σ� thoracic

σ� lumbar

σ� brachiaL

29. Norepinephrine is released from:?

σ� all autonomic nerves

σ� parasympathetic nerves

σ� the vagus nerve

σ� sympathetic nerves

30. The following could occur together effectively EXCEPT:?

σ� increase heart rate

σ� sweating

σ� digestion

σ� pupil dilation

31. A tract is collection of fibers (axon) in?

σ� Central nervous system

σ� Peripheral nervous system

σ� Autonomic nervous system

σ� Somatic nervous system

32. Which of the following carry sensory impulses to the CNS from receptors in muscle or skin?

σ� general somatic efferent fibers

σ� general somatic afferent fibers

σ� general visceral afferent fibers

σ� general visceral efferent fibers

33. Acetylcholine is decomposed by _____almost as fast as it is released.?

σ� monoamine oxidase

σ� MAO inhibitors

σ� norepinephrine

σ� acetylcholinesterase

34. The following belong together EXCEPT which one?

σ� norepinephrine

σ� acetylcholine

σ� epinephrine

σ� adrenalin

35. The primary neurotransmitter from the parasympathetic system that influences its autonomic targets is?

36. Where is most water found in the body?

σ� blood plasma

σ� whole blood

σ� tissue spaces

σ� in cells

37. Which of these is relatively high in extracellular fluids?

σ� Potassium

σ� Calcium

σ� Phosphate

σ� Sodium

39. What is the main force that causes fluid to leave the plasma compartment?

σ� osmosis

σ� hydrostatic

σ� dialysis

σ� filtration

40. What is the greatest regulator of water intake?

σ� kidneys

σ� gastrointestinal system

σ� adequate diet

σ� hypothalamus

41. The greatest amount of body water is lost through: ?

σ� sweating

σ� defecation

σ� urine

σ� breathing

42. Excessive vomiting usually results in the phenomenon of :?

σ� water intoxication

σ� dehydration

σ� edema

σ� hypoproteinemia

44. Which cells are most sensitive to electrolyte changes?

σ� osteoblasts

σ� epithelial

σ� leukocytes

σ� neurons

46. What will happen when erythrocytes are placed in a hypotonic solution?

σ� will swell

σ� will shrink

σ� will change

σ� will move

47. What minimum amount of body water loss can the osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect?

σ� 1%

σ� 5%

σ� 10%

σ� 15%

48. Which hormone control regulation of Calcium?

σ� Calcitonin & PTH

σ� Calcitonin & aldolsteron

σ� Aldosteron & PTH

σ� Aldosteron & renin

49. The supporting cells that form myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system are ?

σ� Satellite cells

σ� Schwann cells

σ� Astrocytes

σ� Microglia

50. A collection of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS is called?

σ� A tract

σ� A nucleus

σ� A nerve

σ� A ganglion

51. Which of these neurons are unipolar?

σ� Sensory neurons

σ� Somatic motor neurons

σ� Neurons in the retina

σ� Automatic motor neurons

52. Depolarization of an axon is produced by?

σ� Inward diffusion of sodium

σ� Active extrusion of potassium

σ� Outward diffusion of potassium

σ� Inward active transport of sodium

53. Repolarization of an axon during an action potential is produced by?

σ� Inward diffusion of sodium

σ� Active extrusion of potassium

σ� Outward diffusion of potassium

σ� Inward active transport of sodium

54. Which of these is not a characteristic of synaptic potentials

σ� They are all or none in amplitude

σ� They decrease in amplitude with distance

σ� They are produced in dendrites and cell bodies

σ� They are graded in the amplitude

55. The summation of EPSPs from numerous presynaptic nerve fibers converging onto one postsynaptic neuron is called?

σ� Spatial summation

σ� Long-term potentiation

σ� Temporal summation

σ� Synaptic plasticity

56. Which of these statements about ACh receptors is false?

σ� Skeletal muscles contain nicotinic ACh receptors

σ� The heart contains muscarinic ACh receptors

σ� Stimulation of ACh receptors produces tachycardia

σ� Autonomic ganglions contains ACh receptors

57. Which of these may be produced by the action of muscarinic receptors in the heart?

σ� Tachycardia

σ� Bradycardia

σ� Broncho-constriction

σ� Mydriasis

58. A neurotransmitter, Norepinephrine is released?

σ� Sympathethic preganglionic fibers

σ� ParaSympathethic preganglionic fibers

σ� Sympathethic postganglionic fibers

σ� Autonomic preganglionic fibers

59. Which cranial nerves are parasympathetic?

σ� CNI, CNIII, CNV, CNIX

σ� CNIII, CNV, CNIX, CNX

σ� CNIII, CNVII, CNIX, CNX

σ� CNV, CNIX, CNX, CNXI

60. Main function of Parasympathetic nervous system is?

σ� Fight or Flight

σ� Rest and Digest

σ� Relax and Flight

σ� Digest and Feed

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Physiology(1-60)Dr. Aim sothea

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