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Oph_1st

A detailed anatomical illustration of the human eye, with a focus on the cornea, showcasing layers, nerves, and common diseases like keratitis.

Corneal Health Quiz

Test your knowledge about corneal health and microbial keratitis with this comprehensive quiz designed for students and professionals in the field of ophthalmology.

Challenge yourself with questions covering a variety of topics, including:

Corneal Anatomy
Conditions affecting the cornea
Infections and treatments
Diagnosis and prevention

99 Questions25 MinutesCreated by ExaminingEye27

90 percent of the cornea is made up of

Stroma

Epithelium

Bowman’s layer

A. Descemet’s membrane

Which one is not the Cornea characterize

Avascular

Transparence

High density of nerves supply

Nutrition by nutrient from Vitreous

The clarity of the Cornea due to from

Endothelium of cornea

Corneal Stroma

Tear film

Epithelium of cornea

Fungal keratitis is the most difficult to treat cause by :

Organism are resistance with Anti – Fungal drugs

General health of the patient is weaker

All of Anti-Fungal are Fungal –static drugs

Large corneal epithelial damage

The principal treatment of microbial keratitis except :

Promote re-epithelialization of cornea

Use all types of drugs the same time

Control infection agents

Control inflammation

Which one is the most common of microbial keratitis in Cambodia ?

Fungal keratitis

Bacterial Keratitis

Viral keratitis

Parasite keratitis

Very painful of Acantamoeba Keratitis due to from :

Ciliary muscle spasm and inflammation

Large of epithelial defected

Density of organisms in the area of stroma infected

Radial Kerato- neuritis of the corneal nerves

/ Which organism is the most powerful of corneal perforation in microbial keratitis ?

Fungal keratitis

Bacterial Keratitis

Viral keratitis

Parasite keratitis

Which organism is the most leaded to neurotrophic dry eye after microbial keratitis ?

Fungal keratitis

Viral keratitis

Bacterial Keratitis

Parasite keratitis

Most common viral infection of the cornea is:

Molluscum contagiosum

Herpes simplex

Adenovirus

Herpes zoster

The most significant cause of red eye which requires immediate attention is:

Exposure keratitis

Acute angle closure glaucoma

uveitis with conjunctiva and scleral and hyperemia

Severe bacterial conjunctivitis

Eye pain is caused by:

Shallow anterior chamber

Presence of severe discharge

Cilliary muscle spasm

an intraocular pressure of 24 mmHg

Corneal opacity from Trachoma (CO) can happen on the people age :

People from 15 to 30 year old

Children under 9 year old

Children from 9 to 15 year old

People over 30 year old

What is proper Treatment of trichiasis :

Epilation of the eyelashes

Use eye Lubricate medication

Use bandage contact lens (BCL)

Electrolysis of the eyelashes follicle

Trichiasis from Trachoma (TT) can happen on the people age :

People from 15 to 30 year old

children under 9 year old

Children from 9 to 15 year old

people over 15 year old

The Trachoma can be control by :

SAFE strategy

Use anti biotic

Face washing

Environment improving

What is congenital distichiasis ?

The eye lashes grow behind the meibomian orifice row

The eye lashes grow on the grey line

This is inherited in an AD manner that the eye lashes grow behind the meibomian orifice row

There is the modified of the skin and conjunctiva at grey line that metaplasia and dedifferentiation of the meibomian glands to become hair follicles

Which on is proper for treatment of distichiasis :

Eyelashes follicle destroy or excision

Epilation of the eyelashes

Eye lid correction procedure

Use bandage contact lens ( BCL)

Herpetic corneal ulcer is fastest diagnosed by:

Geimsa stain

EL1SA

Cell culture/PCR

Rose Bengal stain

The most complication of ectropion is

Conjunctival keratinization

Corneal scarring

Conjunctival chemosis

Exposure keratitis

A conjunctival inflammatory response characterized by multiple polygonal nodules with central fibrovascular cores is consistent with a:

Phyctenular response.

Papillary response

Giant papillary response

Follicular response.

Which of the following is not an advantage of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) when compared to laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) ?

Reduced postoperative pain

Reduced incidence of corneal perforation

Reduces incidence of endophthalmitis

Faster recovery vision post operation .

The only bacterial conjunctivitis that routinely leads to preauricular lymphadenopathy is:

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Neisseria meningitidis

Haemopilus influnzae.

Haemiphilus aegyptius

The most common cause of hyper acute purulent conjunctivitis is:

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Haemophilus aegyptius

Neisseria meningitides

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

25 / Typically, the first of antibody produced against a newly encountered antigen is:

IgA

IgE

IgM

IgG

The cornea has:

5 layers

4 layers

Epitheliual covering which is not capable of regenation

Higher water content than adjacent sclera .

The corneal has a refractive power :

Decreasing as the corneal flattens

A greater than the lens

Capable of producing astigmatism in certain condition.

All of above .

The Normal cornea has not :

The ability to regenerate Bowman”s membrane

A abundant blood vessels seen only with high magnification

Rich sensory innervation

One layer endothelium

Band shaped keratopathy is commonly caused by deposition of:

Magnesium salt

Calcium salt

Ferrous salt

Copper salt

Irrespective of the etiology of a corneal ulcer, the drug always indicated is:

Corticosteroids

Cycloplegics

Antibiotics

Antifungals

Dense scar of cornea with incarceration of iris is known as:

Adherent Leucoma

Dense leucom

Ciliary staphyloma

Iris bombe

Corneal sensations are diminished in:

Herpes simplex

Conjunctivitis

Fungal infections

Marginal keratitis

The color of fluorescein staining in corneal ulcer is:

Yellow

Blue

Green

Royal blue

Phlycten is due to:

Endogenous allergy

Exogenous allergy

Degeneration

Conjunctival dystrophy

A recurrent bilateral conjunctivitis occurring with the onset of hot weather in young boys with symptoms of burning, itching, and lacrimation with large flat topped cobble stone papillae raised areas in the palpebral conjunctiva is:

Mucopurulent conjunctivitis

Trachoma

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis

Which of the following organism can penetrate intact corneal epithelium?

Staph aureus

Strept pyogenes

Pseudomonas pyocyanaea

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

A 12 years old boy receiving long term treatment for spring catarrh, developed defective vision in both eyes. The likely cause is:

Retinopathy of prematurity

Posterior subcapsular cataract

Optic neuritis

Vitreous hemorrhage

A 16 years old girl receiving long term treatment for spring catarrh, developed defective vision in both eyes. The likely cause is:

Retinopathy of prematurity

Optic neuritis

Suddenly change of corneal refractive power

Glaucoma with increased IOP

A young child suffering from fever and sore throat began to complain of lacrimation. On examination, follicles were found in the lower palpebral conjunctiva with tender preauricular lymph nodes. The most probable diagnosis is:

Staphylococal conjunctivitis

Trachoma

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis

Adenoviral conjunctivitis

Patching of the eye is contraindicated in:

Bacterial corneal ulcer

Corneal abrasion

Mucopurulent conjunctivitis

After glaucoma surgery

Ten years old boy complains of itching. On examination, there are mucoid nodules with smooth rounded surface on the limbus, and mucous white ropy mucopurulent conjunctival discharge. He most probably suffers from:

Bulbar spring catarrh ( Allergy of conjunctiva) d.

Purulent conjunctivitis

Trachoma

Mucopurulent conjunctivitis

In viral epidemic kerato-conjunctlvitis characteristically there is usually:

Excessive watery lacrimation

Copious purulent discharge

Copious muco-purulent discharge

Mucoid ropy white discharge

Corneal Herbert's rosettes( Limbal follicle shrinking ) are found in:

Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis

Mucopurulent conjunctivitis

Trachoma

Spring catarrh

A patient complains of maceration of skin of the lids and conjunctiva redness at the inner and outer canthi. Conjunctival swab is expected to show:

Slaphylococcus aureus.

Streptococcus viridans.

Morax- Axenfeld diplobacilli

Tranta's spots are noticed in cases of:

Active trachoma

Bulbar spring catarrh

Corneal phlycten

Vitamin A deficiency

Some pain, tender, non itchy localized redness of the conjunctiva can be due to:

Episcleritis

. Bulbar spring catarrh

Vascular pterygium

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis

In trachoma the patient is infectious when there is:

Post-trachomatous concretions

Arlt's line

Follicles and papillae in the palpebral conjunctiva

Herbert's pits

A female patient 18 years old, who is contact lens wearer since two years, is complaining of redness, lacrimation and foreign body sensation of both eyes. On examination, visual acuity was 6/6 with negative fluorescein test. The expected diagnosis can be:

Giant papillary conjunctivitis

A. Acute anterior uveitis..

Acute congestive glaucoma

Bacterial corneal ulcer

Fifth nerve palsy could cause:

Ptosis

Proptosis

Neuropathic keratopathy

Lagophthalmos

Topical steroids are contraindicated in a case of viral corneal ulcer for fear of:

Cortical cataract

Secondary glaucoma

Corneal perforation

Secondary viral infection.

The sure diagnostic sign of corneal ulcer is

Ciliary injection

Blepharospasm

Miosis

Positive fluorescein test.

The effective treatment of dendritic ulcer of the cornea is:

Local corticosteroids

Systemic corticosteroids

Surface anesthesia

Acyclovir ointment

Herpes simplex keratitis is characterized by:

No tendency to recurrence

Presence of pus in the anterior chamber

Corneal hyposthesia

Tendency to perforate

Bacteria, which can attack normal corneal epithelium:

Neisseria gonorrhea

. Staphylococcal epidermidis

Moraxella lacunata

Staphylococcal aureus

Advanced keratoconus is least to be corrected when treated by

Rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens

Hard contact Lens

Spectacles

Keratoplasty.

The most Organisms causing angular conjunctivitis are:

Moraxella Axenfeld bacilli

Pneumococci

Gonococci

Adenovirus

Chalazion is a chronic inflammatory granuloma of

Meibomian gland

Zies’s gland

Sweat gland

Wolfring’s gland

Deep leucoma is best treated by:

Tattooing

Lamellar keratoplasty

Keratectomy

Penetrating keratoplasty

Blood vessels in a trachomatous pannus lie:

Between Bowman's membrane & Epithelium.

Beneath the Descemet's membrane

In the substantia propria.

Between Bowman's membrane & substantia propria.

In vernal catarrh, the characteristic cells are:

Macrophage

Eosinophils

Neutrophils

Epitheloid cells

The commonest cause of hypopyon corneal ulcer is:

Moraxella

Gonococcus

Pneumococcus

Staphylococcus

Irrespective of the etiology of a corneal ulcer, the drug always indicated is:

Corticosteroid

Atropine

Antibiotics

Antifungal

Fleischer ring is found in:

Keratoconus

Chalcosis

Argyrosis

Buphthalmos

Intercalary staphyloma is a type of

Scleral staphyloma ( root of the iris area)

Equatorial staphyloma

Posterior staphyloma

Anterior staphyloma

Cornea is supplied by nerve fibers derived from:

Optic nerve

Trochlear nerve

Trigeminal nerve

Oculomotor nerve

Ciliary injection is not seen in:

Bacterial ulcer

Chronic iridocyclitis

Catarrhal conjunctivitis

Acute iridocyclitis

Most of the thickness of cornea is formed by:

Descemet's membrane

Epithelial layer

Substantia propria (stroma )

Endothelium

A 30 years old male presents with a history of injury to the eye with a leaf 5 days ago and pain, photophobia and redness of the eye for 2 days. What would be the most likely pathology?

Anterior uveitis

Fungal corneal ulcer

Corneal laceration

Conjunctivitis

Commonest cause of posterior staphyloma is:

Glaucoma

Retinal detachment

Iridocyclitis

High myopia

Schirmer’s test is used for diagnosing:

Dry eye

Infective keratitis

Watering eyes

Horner’s syndrome

Schirmer’s test is used for diagnosing:

Quantity of Dry eye

Quality of dry eye

Watering eyes

Quantity of tear lipid

Tear breakup time is the test for evaluate :

Quantity of Dry eye

Quality of dry eye

Watering eyes

Quantity of tear lipid .

In Dry Eye ,which is the best test for evaluated of ocular surface damages ?

Rose Bengal staining

Fluoresceine staining

TBUT

Test d Schirmer’s test

7 months old infant with watering lacrimal sac on pressing causes regurgitation of mucopus material. What is the appropriate treatment?

Probing with syringing

Probing

Massage with antibiotics up to age of 18 months

Dacryocystorhinostomy

Stevens –Johnson Syndrome is caused by :

Hereditary diseases

Drugs administrations only

Drugs and micro organisms infections

Infection diseases only

The Dry eye in Stevens -Johnson syndrome is caused from :

Damage of Mucin layer of tear film

Damage of Lipid layer of tear film

Damage of aqueous layer of tear film

Damage of all layer of tear film

The main Deficiencies of aqueous layer of tear film of Dry eye in Stevens -Johnson syndrome is cause by :

Inflammatory of the lacrimal gland

Krause and Wolfring glands Damages

Scaring of lacrimal duct orifice

Infiltrate if Lymphocyte cells into Lacrimal gland

The risk factors of Sjogren’s syndrome is :

The men ages older 40 years old. With Lupus or Rheumatoid diseas

The women ages older 40 years old

The men ages older 40 years old

The women ages older 40 years old with Lupus or Rheumatoid diseases

The dry eye in Sjogren’s syndrome is

Deficiencies of Mucin layer of tear film

Deficiencies of Lipid layer of tear film

Deficiencies of aqueous layer of tear film

Deficiencies of all layer of tear film

The main Deficiencies of aqueous layer of tear film of Dry eye in Sjogren’s syndrome is cause by :

Inflammatory of the lacrimal gland

Scaring of lacrimal duct orifice

Krause and Wolfring glands Damages

Infiltrate if Lymphocyte cells into Lacrimal gland

Specular microscopy reveals a patient’s cornea to have 60% non-hexagonal endothelial cells. Which one of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?

Maumenee’s corneal dystrophy

Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy

Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy

Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy

What is the MOST common autoimmune condition associated with peripheral ulcerative keratitis?

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Relapsing polychondritis

Systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE)

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener Granulomatosis)

A patient has splashed a detergent (cleaning solution ) into their eye. After irrigation there is conjunctival injection and punctate keratopathy. There is no obvious limbal ischaemia and no epithelial defect. What would be the MOST appropriate next line of management?

Topical potassium citrate and antibiotic

Topical antibiotic and analgesia

Topical potassium ascorbate, antibiotic and steroid

Topical antibiotic, steroid and analgesia in short period

With regard to ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) which one of the following is MOST likely to be correct? A. B. C. D.

When a conjunctival biopsy is taken, only an incisional biopsy within the scarred conjunctiva should be taken

Presence of lymphocytes and goblet cells at the basement layer is the pathognomonic feature of OCP

A negative biopsy does not exclude the diagnosis of OCP

OCP is usually self-limiting and will enter a “burnt -out” period without treatment in most cases

Ophthalmia neonatorum is prevented by:

Penicillin drops

1% Silver nitrate

Normal saline drops

Frequent eye washes

Cornea is thinned in:

Fuch's dystrophy

Keratoconus

Bulbous lesion

All of the above

Symptoms of corneal ulcer are following except:

Mucopurulent discharge

Pain in the eye

Watering

Redness of the eye

Hordeolum externum is a suppurative inflammation of:

Zeis' gland

Moll's gland

Gland of Krause

Meibomian gland

Intense itching is the most common symptom of:

Trachoma

Blephritis

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis

Spring catarrh

Which of the following is not a source of nutrients to cornea?

Air

Aqueous humour

Perilimbal capillaries

Vitreous humour

Treatment of phlyctenular conjunctivitis is:

Systemic AB drugs

Systemic steroids

Topical acyclovir

Topical steroids

Not causing ophthalmia neonatorum:

Staphylococcus aureus

Adenovirus

HSV

Gonococcus

Cobblestone appearance of conjunctiva is seen with:

Trachoma

Spring catarrh

Purulent conjunctivitis

Angular conjunctivitis

In which of the following conditions in small ulcers the bleed are seen, on removing the yellow crusts on the lid margin:

Bacteria Ulcerative blepharitis

Hordeolum internum

Squamous blepharitis

Parasitic blepharitis

Epidemic conjunctivitis is caused by:

Adenovirus

Herpes virus

EB virus

Papilloma virus

The commonest organism responsible for corneal ulcer is:

Staphylococci

Pneumococci

Pseudomonas

Candida

In case of central dense leucoma 5 mm, treatment of choice is:

Penetrating keratoplasty

Lamellar keratoplasty

Tattooing

Enucleation

Dense scar of cornea with incarceration of iris known as:

Leucoma adherent

Leucoma non adherent

Ciliary staphyloma

Iris Bombe

Adhesion of iris margin anteriorly to cornea is known as:

Anterior synychia

Peripheral synychia

Posterior synychia

Iris Bombe

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