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Nutrition Final

A detailed illustration of nutrition concepts including food items, vitamins, and a diverse group of people in a classroom setting, bright colors and informative layout

Nutrition Final Quiz

Welcome to the Nutrition Final Quiz! This quiz is designed to test your knowledge on essential nutrition concepts, dietary guidelines, and their implications on health and wellness.

Whether you're preparing for a certification or simply looking to enhance your understanding of nutrition, this quiz covers a range of topics to challenge your knowledge.

Comprehensive coverage of nutrition topics
Simple and engaging multiple-choice questions
Ideal for students, teachers, and health professionals

100 Questions25 MinutesCreated by EatingKnowledge24

Because orthodontic patients are frequently adolescents, nutrition and oral self-care are often less than ideal. The dental hygienist may be successful in motivating noncompliant patients by reminding them that optimal nutrition and oral self-care are worthwhile endeavors that improve their appearance

Both statements are true

Both statements are false

The first statement is true; the second is false

The first statement is false; the second is true

Each of the following is accurate regarding the relation of vitamin D to sun exposure except:

5 minutes in the sunlight produces adequate amount of vitamin D

Homebound elderly are at an increased risk for deficiency.

Sunscreen inhibits formation of vitamin D.

By age 70, skin produces 1/2 the quantity it did at a younger age.

In order to lose one pound of weight per week, a patient must decrease their caloric intake by 700 calories per day.

True

False

Protein and/or vitamin C deficiencies are contributing factors to necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) because of lowered host resistance.

True

False

Hydrolysis of milk is completed with which enzyme?

Pepsin

Sucrase

Lactase

Maltase

Which of the following regarding the benefits of fiber is an incorrect statement?

Fiber contributes to constipation

Fiber increases stool bulk

Fiber increases muscle tone of digestive muscles

Fiber slows starch hydrolysis

Clinical observation of a patient could include all of the following general appraisal except:

Posture

Skin tone

Weight status

Gait and mobility

Tobacco and alcohol use

The most ideal time to begin taking folate to prevent neural tube defects is:

Upon completion of the first trimester

Before conception

From 6-8 weeks of pregnancy

Second trimester

Each of the following is true regarding carbohydrate digestion except:

CHO produce 7 kcal of energy

Hydroloysis begins in the mouth

Carbohydrates break down into monosaccharides

Digestion begins with salivary amylase

After ingested food is mixed and churned with gastric secretions, the semifluid mass is called?

Cholus

Bile

Bolus

Chyme

Fluoride incorporated into developing tooth enamel, or fluorapatite, is less resistant to demineralization.

True

False

Each of the following is true of osteoporosis except:

Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder

It is characteriszed by increased bone mass

Decreases estrogen during perimenopause is a strong causative factor

Weight-bearing exercise is thought to be a preventive factor

A blood clot blocking an artery that is capable of causing a cerebrovascular accident is called a thrombus. CVA’s (cerebrovascular accident) are commonly called a seizure.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Each of the following is true regarding characteristics of fats except:

Cooked fats improve texture of foods

Fats that are liquid are digested at a slower rate than hard fats.

Fats contribute to feeling fuller longer or increase satiety of foods.

Fats contribute to palatability of foods.

The amount of energy the body needs to maintain life: which includes digestive, physical and emotional rest is called?

Body mass index

Respiratory quotient

Basal metabolic rate

Nitrogen balance

Without vitamins, nutrients cannot be utilized from fats, carbohydrates and/or proteins for energy.

True

False

Each of the following is true of calcium within the saliva except:

Calcium within saliva increases the risk for caries.

Saliva is super saturated with calcium

Calcium in saliva provides a buffering action

Saliva is a source of calcium to mineralize demineralized enamel

Each of the following is true regarding Vitamin A except:

A hypo state known as scurvey

Preventin of night blindness

Involved in tooth development

Growth of soft tissue and bone

Which of the following is MOST likely to initiate or cause periodontal disease?

Nutrient deficiencies

Nutrient excesses

Nutrient imbalances

Plaque biofilm

Megadoses of supplements

Which macronutrient is the slowest to pass through the stomach?

Minerals

Fats

Proteins

Carbohydrates

The dental hygienist’s main goal when making dietary recommendations for a patient with a new dental prosthesis is to:

Promote healing and repair by ensuring an adequate and nutrientdense diet.

Promote healing and repair by recommending consumption of only liquids for the first week.

Promote a balanced diet by recommending a variety of fibrous foods.

Encourage the patient to become accustomed to prosthesis by eating as usual.

Each of the following is true of xerostomia and its oral and systemic effects except one. Which one is the exception?

More than 400 over-the-counter and prescription medications identify xerostomia as a possible side effect.

Patients should have frequent re-care appointments to monitor oral conditions.

Over-the-counter antihistamines often alleviate xerostomia-related conditions

Patients might experience a burning sensation while eating spicy foods.

Chewing and swallowing of dry foods can be difficult

The best source for assuring optimal glycogen stores is:

Proteins

Fats

Carbohydrates

Triglycerides

Each of the following describes physiological roles of water except?

Regulates body temperature through excretion of urine

Enables transport of nutrients and excretion of waste

Maintains stability of body fluids, ICF and ECF

Acts as a solvent for chemical reactions.

Which of the following groups of individuals has the lowest RDA for Iron.

Menopausal women

Adolescent girls

Perimenopausal women

Men

Each of the following is a characteristic or function of lipids except:

Lipids are hydrophilic

Lipids act as hormones that regulate the body

Lipids provide insulation and protection

Lipids are involved in energy metabolism and storage

Each of the following accurately describes aspects of the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) except:

DRIs attempt to estimate required nutrients to improve long-term health

DRIs attempt to establish maximum safe levels of tolerance for nutrients

DRIs specifically address individuals whose requirements are affected by a disease state

DRIs replace the older RDA’s

Mineralization is the deposition of organic elements on an inorganic matrix. Nutrition during pregnancy can have an affect on the mineralization of primary teeth.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Each of the following foods should be avoided by patients experiencing xerostomia except one. Which one is the exception?

Saltines

Hot salsa

Alcohol

Greek yogurt

Periodontal disease, the break down of healthy bone, can be exacerbated by an inadequate daily intake of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients.

True

False

A loss of 1 pound of body weight during an intense one hour exercise session means that approximately 2 cups of water has been lost.

True

False

Macronutrients include each of the following except:

Minerals

Fats

Proteins

Carbohydrates

All disease processes result from a combination of the following factors except:

Presence of an etiologic agent

Susceptibility of the host

Resistance of the host

Environmental factors

Lack of physical activity of host

Alcohol provides more energy per gram than lipids.

True

False

Each of the following is true regarding oral exposure to fermentable carbohydrates except:

Longer exposure leads to increased risk of demineralization

Frequency of carbohydrate consumption increases careis risk

Timing and sequence of carbohydrate with in a meal effect cariogencity

Retentiveness of the carbohydrate has minimal effect on cariogencity.

Women practicing Pica behaviors are usually from higher socioeconomic groups with more than a high school education. Pica is an eating disorder typically defined as persistent ingestion of non-food substances.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

The ideal dietary calcium-to-phosphorus ratio for adults is 1:1. If the calcium level increases, the phosphorus level will decrease and visa-versa since they are inversely related.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Each of the following is a classic sign of fluid volume deficit FVD except:

Fissures in a dry tongue

Dry skin

Decreased muscular function

Increased urinary output

If a food product contains 25 grams of protein, how many kcal are in that product?

25 kcal

100 kcal

175 kcal

225 kcal

Each of the following is a water-soluble vitamin except:

Vitamin B6

Vitamin A

Vitamin C

Vitamin B12

Effective and easy to implement interventions for xerostomia that the dental hygienist can recommend include each of the following except one. Which one is the exception?

Carry a water bottle around during the day.

Use an alcohol-based mouthwash for rinsing after eating.

Use lip balm to help keep lips moist.

Use a humidifier to maintain humidity in the air

Use non-nutritive sweeteners

Complementary proteins is the realtionship of consuming foods within one meal, such as rice and beans, that together make up for insufficient amounts of essential amino acids.

True

False

Impediments to active listening include all but which of the following?

Interrupting

Preparing a response while the other person is speaking.

Multitasking

Finishing the speakers sentences

Making eye contact

All of the following are considered to be common conditions seen in someone with temporomandibular disorders except:

Clenching

Grinding

Macroglossia

Malocclusion

Limited jaw opening

The dental hygienist should encourage a patient who has GERD to:

Avoid eating for 2 hours prior to the dental appointment

Enjoy spicey foods

Drink orange juice before the dental appointment

Brush their teeth immediately after an GERD acid exposure

Each of the following is true of fat soluble vitamins except:

They are organic substances

They are necessary for cellular reactions.

Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin

The body cannot store large amounts of fat soluble vitamins.

The trace mineral tin is found in effective topical fluoride formulations.

True

False

Which of the following factors is least likely to influence the cariogenic potential of food?

Frequency

Consistency

Retention in mouth

Position in the meal

Temperature of the food

Low pH levels of sports and energy drinks resulting from citric acid content can cause irreversible damage to teeth. The critical pH level when demineralization begins to occur is at 7 pH.

Both are true

Both are false

First true, second false

First false, second true

Caries and Periodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss for patients older than 65 years. Nutritional deficiencies can modify the body’s response to periodontal disease.

Both statements are true.

Both statements are false

The first statement is true; the second is false.

The first statement is false; the second is true.

All of the following statements regarding pregnancy below are true except:

Additional calories are needed the first and second trimester

Weight gain of 25-35 pounds

Additional 21 grams of protein needed each day

Avoid consuming old fish that may contain unsafe levels of mercury

Which fish is most likely to contain the least amount of mercury?

Shark

Sword fish

Salmon

Mackerel

Which of the following snacks would be the best choise for a dental hygienist to recommend to a patient to reduce cariogencity.

Peanut butter and crackers

Raisins

Popcorn

String cheese

Weight loss is acheived when kilocalories consumed exceed energy expenditure.

True

False

The messages of MyPlate conveys all of the following except:

Trackers can help analyze food intake.

Vegetables and fruit should fill half the plate

Fruit juices should be consumed frequently

Whole grains should occupy 1/4 of the plate.

Dietary beta-carotene is less toxic than Retinal Vitamin A. A deficiency of beta-carotene may result in skin pigmentation.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

The building block or monomer of protein is an triglyceride.

True

False

Positive nonverbal communications increase the effectiveness of a message and create a comfortable atmosphere for the patient. Avoiding direct eye contact enables the patient to relax and think more clearly.

Both statements are true.

Both statements are false

The first statement is true; the second is false.

The first statement is false; the second is true.

A raw carrot is considered more nutrient dense than a candy bar; because the carrot contains less nutrients per kilocalorie.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Each of the following is true of a full liquid diet after periodontal surgery except one. Which one is the exception?

May be required for the first 1 to 3 days

Provides food in a liquid form for patients unable to chew

Contains a small portion of solid foods

Contains high-protein, high-kilocalorie fluids

Chewing soft, spongy foods stimulates salivary flow more than crunchy foods.

True

False

Physiological energy values commonly used are: __kcal/g carbohydrate, ___kcal/g protein, ___kcal/g alcohol, ___kcal/g fat.

4, 7, 4, 9

7, 4, 4, 9

4, 4, 7, 9

4, 4, 9, 7

7, 9, 4, 4

Bacterial growth and plaque formation are enhanced by a diet with frequent intake of retentive carbohydrates. Gingivitis is an irreversible change in the interdental papillary tissues.

Both statements are true

Both statements are false.

The first statement is true; the second is false.

The first statement is false; the second is true.

Saturated fatty acids can undergo partial hydrogenation to be converted into tub spread margarine.

True

False

An infant is considered premature if the gestational period is less than 37 weeks.

True

False

The ideal daily diet during the whole time of a patient's orthodontic treatment is the mechanically altered diet. The mechanically altered diet allows the ease of chewing and includes foods such as cheese, mashed potatoes and boiled vegetables.

Both are true

Both are false

First true, second false

First false, second true

In the dental environment all of the following are common laboratory testing evaluations performed on a patient except:

Salivary flow

A1C levels

Salivary buffering

Oral bacterial count

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol. Xylitol contributes to tooth decay because oral bacteria are able to ferment it.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Dehydration occurs more frequently in older adults and can lead to all of the following except:

Increased caries susceptability

Loose fitting dentures

Poor oral hygiene

Fecal impaction

Vitamin C has an important role in collagen formation and strenghtening of tissue and capillary integrity. Vitamin C is known as the sunshine vitamin.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Which of the following food groups in MyPlate always contains fat?

Vegetables

Fruit

Meat

Milk

Whole grains

Maxillary incisors are usually the first affected by early childhood caries. Early childhood caries is the presence of one of more decayed, missing, or filled teeth in a child older than 6 years of age.

Both are true

Both are false

First true, second false

First false, second true

Juices and milk contain significant amounts of sugars; because of the natural content of simple carbohydrates

Both are true

Both are false

First true, second false

First false, second true

Glossitis results in slight atrophy of the circumvallate papillae. When glossitis is painful, a patient can rinse with magic mouthrinse; a combination of listerine and baking soda.

Both are true

Both are false

First true, second false

First false, second true

Most nutrients are absorbed in the stomach, where the majority of digestion occurs. As the large intestine reabsorbes water and electrolytes.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First if false, second true

Each of the following is a potential effect of gingival recession except one. Which one is the exception?

Abrasion of enamel and cementum

Erosion of enamel and cementum

Root caries

Xerostomia

Rates of food insecurity are substanially higher than the National average for households with children headed by a single father. Food insecurity refers to lack of knowledge of food preparation.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

What is considered to have the greatest effect on an increase in body weight?

Fat intake

Total kilocalories

Protein intake

Carbohydrate intake

MyPlate has a separate section for discretionary calories.

True

False

Functional foods have been proven to provide benefits beyond basic nutrition, including eliminating the risk for cancer.

True

False

All of the following are considered true statements that can be made regarding most fast food type restaurants except:

Protein is high in most menu items

Kcal content is low for most meals

Saturated fat is high in most menu items

Salt content is high in most menu items

Most older adult patients with xerostomia eat significantly more portions of softer foods; these foods are typically more cariogenic.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Carbohydrates are classified as each of the following except:

Polysaccarides

Monosaccharides

Triglycerides

Disaccharides

Because our basal metabolic rate (BMR) increases with age, dietary guidelines recommend lowering caloric requirements for older adults.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second is false

First is false, second is true

Tooth loss is a normal element that happens because of aging. Education level and race/ethnicity are strong determinants of tooth loss.

Both statements are true.

Both statements are false.

The first statement is true; the second is false

The first statement is false; the second is true.

Loss of teeth or supporting periodontium is frequently associated with poor food selection and limited chewing ability. The patient's masticatory efficiency and biting force decline with each tooth lost.

Both statements are true.

Both statements are false.

The first statement is true; the second is false

The first statement is false; the second is true.

Overall, the most accurate method of obtaining dietary information is with the:

Fad diet history.

Twenty-four-hour-recall.

Food frequency questionnaire.

3-7 day food diary

Health literacy significantly affects nutrition and oral health. The dental hygienist can improve health literacy by simplifying healthcare instructions.

Both are true

Both are false

First true, second false

First false, second true

Sea salt is a healthier choice of seasoning foods for a patient with high blood pressure. Sea salt is also a good source of iodine for these patients.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Each of the following dental conditions increases the risk of malnutrition in older adults except:

Loss of teeth

Edentulous status

Nagging spouse

Dysphagia

Infants that are breast fed for one year require less orthodontia than bottle fed infants.

True

False

Each of the following is true of terminology on a food nutrition label except:

2000 Kcal is the reference amount for the % DV in a serving

Daily reference values are the levels of nutrients considered desirable for health.

The nutrition facts are based on eating the entire package contents

Portion size is indicated in order to determine kcal based on amount of contents eaten.

Which type of vegetarian is most at risk for nutrient deficiencies?

Lacto-ovovegetarian

Pollo-vegetarian

Vegan

Semi-vegetarian

Which of the following food below has the most cariostatic properties?

Vegetables

Eggs

Seafood

Cheese

Which nutrient is most important?

Water

Protein

Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Which enzyme is most essential for the digestion of triglycerides?

Pepsin

Amylase

Protease

Lipase

Although a balanced diet is essential to tissue healing and repair, which of the following should the dental hygienist identify as the nutrient of highest priority for a patient with gingivitis or periodontal disease?

Vitamin A

Vitamin C

Vitamin D

Vitamin K

Harvesting, processing, and cooking food means nutrient losses are occuring. Fortified foods have nutrients added that were not present in the original product.

Both are true

Both are false

First is true, second false

First is false, second true

Which lipoprotein is considered to be the “good cholesterol”?

HDL

LDL

BPA

FDA

The process of digestion involves which two main actions?

Thermal and chemical

Mechanical and chemical

Chemical and electrical

Mechanical and thermal

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