Pulmonary Hypertension Introduction and Diagnosis
Pulmonary Hypertension Quiz
Test your knowledge on pulmonary hypertension with this comprehensive quiz designed for healthcare professionals and students alike. Dive into various aspects of pulmonary circulation, diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment options for pulmonary hypertension.
- 25 Multiple Choice and Checkboxes questions
- Explore cardiovascular and respiratory system components
- Understand the latest standards from the World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension
Name the major components of cardiovascular system? Choose the correct answer
Heart, Blood, Veins, Arteries
Heart, Veins, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries
Name the major components of respiratory system?
Nasal Cavity, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli
Trachea, Bronchi, Alveoli
Pulmonary circulation choose the correct answer
Sup/Inf VC RA Mitral Valve RV PA Lungs
Sup/Inf VC RA Tricuspid Valve RV PV PA Lungs
Sup/Inf VC RA Tricuspid Valve RV PV Lungs
Sup/Inf VC RA Mitral Valve RV PV PA Lungs
Choose all the correct statements
Arteries, veins and capillaries are consist of 3 layers Tunica Intima, Media and Externa
Arteries and veins are consist of 3 layers Tunica Intima, Media and Externa
Capillaries consists of single cell layer called endothelium
Capillaries consists of two layers called basement membrane and endothelial cells
Arteries consists valves in between to prevent back flow of the blood
Veins consists valves in between to prevent back flow of the blood
Arteries have thick tunica media compare to veins
Veins have thick tunica media compare to arteries
Systemic circulation is a high pressure system?
True
False
Pulmonary circulation is a high pressure system?
True
False
Normal PAP is
20/8 mmHg, mean 16 mmHg
25/8 mmHg, mean 14 mmHg
22/8 mmHg, mean 15 mmHg
25/7 mmHg, mean 14 mmHg
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare lung disorder in which the arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs become narrowed, making it difficult for blood to flow through the vessels
True
False
According to 6th WSPH which statement is correct?
Pre-Capillary PH mPAP >20 mmHg, PAWP ≤ 15 mmHg, PVR ≥ 3WU
Pre-Capillary PH mPAP >20 mmHg, PAWP ≥ 15 mmHg, PVR ≤ 3WU
Pre-Capillary PH mPAP ≥ 20 mmHg, PAWP ≤ 15 mmHg, PVR ≥ 3WU
According to 6th WSPH IpcPH is defined as?
MPAP >20 mmHg, PAWP > 15 mmHg, PVR < 3WU
MPAP ≥ 20 mmHg, PAWP ≤ 15 mmHg, PVR > 3 WU
MPAP > 20 mmHg, PAWP <15 mmHg, PVR < 3 WU
According to 6th WSPH CpcPH is defined as?
MPAP >20 mmHg, PAWP > 15 mmHg, PVR < 3WU
MPAP ≥ 20 mmHg, PAWP ≤ 15 mmHg, PVR > 3 WU
MPAP >20 mmHg, PAWP > 15 mmHg, PVR ≥ 3WU
Long-term response to CCBs was defined by clinical improvement (New York Heart Association Fun
True
False
PH associated with congenital heart disease is divided into following 4 groups
Eisenmenger’s syndrome, PAH associated with prevalent systemic to pulmonary shunts, PAH with small/coincidental defects and PAH after defect correction
Eisenmenger’s syndrome, PAH associated with prevalent systemic to pulmonary shunts, PAH with small/coincidental defects and PAH after defect correction, complex congenital heart disease
Eisenmenger’s syndrome, PAH associated with prevalent systemic to pulmonary shunts, PAH with small/coincidental defects and PAH after defect correction, Persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn
Dysfun
Altered secretion of pulmonary vasodilators and vasoconstrictors
Changes in proliferative capacity and sensitivity to apoptosis
Pro-inflammatory phenotype
Smooth muscle-like mesenchymal phenotype
Decreased tube formation
Changes in migratory potential
Changes in metabolic processes
Patients with PH may have following physical signs. Tick those are correct
Augmented second heart sound (P2 component),
Right ventricular lift,
Jugular venous distension,
Hepatojugular reflux,
Ascites,
Hepatomegaly and/or
Splenomegaly,
Oedema,
Tricuspid regurgitant or pulmonary regurgitant murmurs, and
S3 gallop.
For initial diagnostic work up of PH following tests are essential. Tick all correct options
ECG
Blood Tests (biochemistry, haematology, thyroid function test, liver function test, BNP and Pro-BNP, screening for CTD and HIV
PFT
ABGs
CPET
TTE or TEE
V/Q scan
Chest CT
RHC
Chest X-ray
Echocardiography remains the most important non-invasive screening tool and right heart catheterization (RHC) remains mandatory to establish the diagnosis.
True
False
PH is a disease of exclusion
True
False
After diagnosis of PH and PH group patient should be stratified according to his mortality risk in 1 year to start the appropriate treatment.
True
False
In 1 year mortality risk assessment a patient with >10% mortality risk would be regarded as intermediate risk.
True
False
Patients with low or intermediate mortality risk should be started with monotherapy or initial oral combination
True
False
A structured follow up of patient should be carried out after 3-6 months in case of change in therapy and clinical worsening
True
False
Following type of medicines are available to treat PAH
Calcium Channel Blockers
Endothelin Receptor Antagonist
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
Guanylate cyclase stimulators
Prostacyclin Analogues
IP receptor agonists
Which statement is correct?
Bosentan has evidence level IA in both WHO FC II and III
Sildenafil has evidence level IA in both WHO FC II and III
Both Bosentan and Sildenafil has evidence level IIb C in WHO FC IV
Beraprost has evidence level IIb B in WHO FC II, III and IV
IV Epoprostenol has evidence level IA in WHO FC III and IV
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